scholarly journals Anti-Diabetic Effect of Methanolic Extract of Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth Leaf on Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
David Yakubu Bot ◽  
Odachi Helen Agbo ◽  
Abigail John Ajiji ◽  
Abraham Adoniyi Ahmed ◽  
Adaobi Ifeoma Ekwenpu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Insulin Receptors ◽  
Dose Dependence ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Albizia Lebbeck ◽  
Group B

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a debilitating metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin or inability of insulin receptors to respond positively to circulating insulin. Prevalence of the disease is on the global increase annually with tendency to rise from 380 to over 592 million by 2035 in developing countries. Toxicity of some Orthodox drugs in use has led to searches for alternative sources for treatment and management of the disease. Aim: This work was aimed at investigating the effect of methanolic extract of Albizia lebbeck leaf on Alloxan monohydrate induced diabetic albino rats. Materials and Methods: Qualitative Phytochemical analysis of the plant extract was carried out in Biochemistry Division of National Veterinary Research Institute Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria. Forty female Wistar albino rats were used for the study, divided into five groups (A-E) in two replicates. Group A- negative control (non-induced, not treated) and group B- positive control (induced with Alloxan - 120mg/kg body weight (b.w), administered intra-peritoneally but not treated). Groups C- and D- induced and treated with 100 and 200mg/kg b.w extract respectively. Group E- non-induced but treated with 100mg/kg b.w of extract. Diabetes was established on day 3 after induction. Blood samples were collected through retro-orbital plexus into Fluoride oxalate bottles on days 0, 3, 5 and 9. Glucose was estimated by Glucose Oxidase method. Results/Conclusion: Phytochemical analysis of the extract showed the presence of saponins, tannins, steroids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, alkaloids and terpenes. Glucose analysis results showed dose dependence and statistically significant reduction (p<0.05) in blood glucose from 3rd, 5th and 9th days post induction following treatment with Albizia lebbeck in group C- 14.5±3.5, 10.4±4.6 and 8.4±3.7; in group D- 14.0±4.7, 10.2±3.3 and 6.5±2.5; and in group E- 5.0±0.6, 3.7±0.5 and 3.5±0.5 respectively. We conclude that methanolic leaf extract of the plant Albezia lebbeck (L.) Benth, possesses anti-diabetic properties effective on both normal and Alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Assessment of Nephroprotective Potential of Ethanolic Extract Premna Tomentosa (Ept) in Alcohol Toxicity in Male Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 3099-3103
Author(s):  
Gomathi Priyadharsini T ◽  
Kavimani M ◽  
Sathiya Narayana Murthy S ◽  
Prabhu K ◽  
Arudyuti Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Histopathological Changes

The nephroprotective prospective of Premna tomentosa extract against Alcohol induced nephrotoxicity in rats was investigated in the present study. The characterization of ethanol extract of Premna tomentosa (EPT) was performed using standard phytochemical analysis. Male albino wistar rats 36 in numbers were divided into 6 groups including control, negative control, positive control and various doses of EPT Treated groups; Nephrotoxicity was induced by alcohol (1ml/100gm b.wt) in animals. Rats intoxicated with Alcohol were fed with 500, 750 mg/kg dose of EPT and Liv 52 (1ml/100gm b.wt) for 60 days. Results show that EPT (500mg/kg b.wt) had a significant effect against alcohol induced nephrotoxicity in rats than EPT (750mg/kg b.wt) in blood parameters and consonantly good histopathological changes in kidney. The deleterious histopathological alterations in kidney associated with glomerular and tubular changes in alcohol intoxicated rats was evident. This result shows Premna tomentosa may be used as supplementary drug for alcoholics.

Hypoglycemic activity of Gleditsia caspica extract and its saponin-containing fraction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 253-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally A. El Awdan ◽  
Gehad A. Abdel Jaleel ◽  
Dalia O. Saleh ◽  
Marawan Abdel Basset ◽  
Farouk R. Melek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Single Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Fasted Rats

Abstract The fruits of Gleditsia species (Fabaceae) have been known in traditional medicine as a saponin-rich herbal medicine. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of the total methanolic extract of Gleditsia caspica (MEGC) and its saponin-containing fractions (SFGC) on hyperglycemia in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. A single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (55 mg/kg body weight) was used to induce hyperglycemia in male albino rats. MEGC (15, 30 and 60 mg/kg, p.o.) and SFGC (15, 30 and 60 mg/kg, p.o.) were administered to the diabetic rats daily for 14 days. The anti-diabetic drug gliclazide (10 mg/kg, p.o.) was used as a positive control. Blood samples were collected from overnight fasted rats for the evaluation of the antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities. The levels of glucose, triglycerides (TG), cholesterol (TC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were increased significantly, whereas the levels of α-amylase, insulin and reduced glutathione (GSH) were decreased in the experimental diabetic rats. Pancreas and liver of the diabetic rats exhibited significant changes in the histopathology, morphology and DNA content. Administration of MEGC or SFGC led to a decrease in the levels of glucose, TG, TC and MDA. In addition, the levels of α-amylase, insulin and GSH were increased in MEGC and SFGC treated diabetic rats. Also, the histopathological and morphological changes, as well the changes in DNA were significantly reversed by the extracts. Thus, MEGC and SFGC exhibited potent hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities in STZ- induced diabetic rats.

The Effect of Herbal Infusion on Fasting Blood Glucose (FBS) and Malondyaldehyde (MDA) Levels in Diabetic Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 1009 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Apriliani Ismi Fauziah ◽  
Lintang Dian Saraswati ◽  
Ari Udiyono ◽  
Beti Safitri
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats

Aloe vera, ginger, and sappan wood have recently gained attention as a potent antioxidant. This study was undertaken to analyze the possible effects of oral administration of herbal infusion (the combination of Aloe vera, ginger, and sapang wood) on fasting blood glucose (FBS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in diabetic rats. Forty male albino rats (150-250 gm) were divided into five groups (n=8 in each group): alloxan-induced diabetic (negative control group/K-), acarbose treated (positive control group/K+), diabetic rats treated with herbal infusion dose 6.75 mg/150 gmbw (P1), diabetic rats treated with herbal infusion dose 13.5 mg/150 gmbw (P2), and diabetic rats treated with herbal infusion dose 20.25 mg/150 gmbw (P3). Male albino rats induced with a dose of alloxan 120 mg/kgbw and also 5% glucose after 6 hours of alloxan induction. FBS and MDA levels of each rat were measured before induction of alloxan was performed as a control sample. After seven days and 14 days of herbal infusion administration, FBS parameters was investigated with a glucometer. In the last week, the concentration of MDA in serum blood was determined using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 545 nm. Diabetic rats exhibited a significant decrease in FBS and MDA. Administration of herbal infusion was reduced FBS significantly between groups (ANOVA, Bonferroni, p<0.05). The concentration of MDA in serum blood was decreased significantly on K-, K+, P1, P2, P3 compared to the control group (ANOVA, LSD, P<0.05). It could be postulated herbal infusion has anti-hyperglycemic and anti-diabetic effects of FBS and MDA in male albino rats Wistar strain.

scholarly journals NORMOGLYCAEMIC EFFECTS OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF Parkia biglobosa LEAVES IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-39
Author(s):  
I. R. HASSAN, ◽  
A.A Adesokan ◽  
O.T. Odeyemi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Parkia Biglobosa ◽  
Traditional Use

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a global health problem leading to an increase in the search for herbal normoglycaemic agents as alternative to the synthetic ones. Aqueous extract of Parkia biglobosa leaves was assessed for normoglycaemic effects in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The study aim at providing scientific evidence to authenticate the traditional use of Parkia biglobosa leaves in the treatment of diabetes. Methodology: The plant was extracted using aqueous to obtain Parkia biglobosa Leaf Extract (PbLE), qualitative phytochemical analysis was determined using standard methods. Diabetes was induced in albino rats by intraperitoneal injection of 5% solution of alloxan (150 mg/kg bw). The rats were grouped into 5 groups (A, B, C, D and E) of 5 animals each. Group A consisted of non-diabetic rats which served as the control, Group B consisted of diabetic rats that were left untreated and served as negative control, Group C were given glucophage (reference) at a dose level of 7 mg/kg bw, Groups D and E were administered PbLE at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg bw respectively. Results: The glucose levels in the blood of rats were checked with a glucometer using the blood from the tail of the rats. Serum (proteins, lipid profiles, urea and creatinine), ALT, AST and ALP were all determined using standard procedures. The extract and the glucophage reduced the blood glucose level significantly (p < 0.05) from day 3 till the termination of the experiment.                                                                                                                                                Conclusion: Aqueous extract of Parkia biglobosa leaves possess antidiabetic activity and also the extract is relatively safe.  Hence the leaves of Parkia biglobosa can be explored in producing alternative antidiabetic drugs.

scholarly journals Haematopoeitic potentials of methanolic extract of Tetrapleura Tetraptera pods in male Albino rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-77
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Livestock Industry ◽  
Tetrapleura Tetraptera ◽  
Successful Induction

Anaemia constitutes a major challenge in the livestock industry worldwide. This study was carried out to determine the haematopoietic potential of methanol extract of Tetrapleura tetraptera (T. tetraptera) in male albino rats. Twenty five rats weighing between 147 and 166 g were used for the study. Anaemia was induced by daily removal of 2ml of blood per 100g body weight for ten days. The extraction was by cold maceration. Thereafter, the animals were administered with the extract for seven days. The rats were treated with graded doses of the extract, 50mg/kg, 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg for groups A, B and C respectively while groups D (negative control) and E (positive control) received 5 ml/kg of water. Results showed successful induction of anaemia. There was significant (p<0.05) increases in the erythrocytic parameters and plasma protein after administration of the methanoloic extract of T. tetraptera. The concentration dependent increase in the PCV, HBC, RBC, MCH and MCHC in the groups treated with the extract when compared with the untreated groups indicates haematopoietic potentials of T. Tetraptera.

scholarly journals Inhibition ofα-Glucosidase by Thiosulfinate as a Target for Glucose Modulation in Diabetic Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman L. Al-Malki
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzyme ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Postprandial Hyperglycemia ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Predisposing Factor

Postprandial hyperglycemia is a predisposing factor for vascular dysfunction and organ damage.α-glucosidase is a hydrolytic enzyme that increases the glucose absorption rate and subsequently elevates blood glucose levels. Garlic (Allium sativumL.) is a rich source of several phytonutrients, including thiosulfinate (THIO). The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of THIO, a potent inhibitor of intestinalα-glucosidase, to reduce postprandial blood glucose. Male albino rats were randomly assigned to five different groups (n=10/group). Group 1 served as the control group. Groups 2–5 were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetes. Group 2 comprised untreated diabetic rats. Groups 3 and 4 contained diabetic rats that were given THIO orally (20 mg/kg body weight/day and 40 mg/kg body weight/day, resp.). Group 5 was the positive control having diabetic rats treated orally with acarbose (10 mg/kg body weight/day; positive control). Diabetic rats treated with THIO displayed a significant blood glucose reduction (p<0.001and < 0.01 by analysis of variance, resp.) and a significant elevation in insulin compared with that of untreated rats. THIO is an effective noncompetitive intestinalα-glucosidase inhibitor that promotes hypoglycemic action (p<0.001) in STZ-injected rats. THIO is a promising agent for the management of postprandial hyperglycemia.

scholarly journals Cardioprotective Potential of Ethanol Extract of Sonchus Arvensis L. Leaves on Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction in Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Neng Fisheri Kurniati ◽  
Elin Yulinah Sukandar ◽  
Rian Pardilah ◽  
Nova Suliska ◽  
Dhyan Kusuma Ayuningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis

Sonchus arvensis L. leaves have been used traditionally to treat various disease conditions. This study is designed to evaluate cardioprotective potential of ethanol extract of S. arvensis leaves on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in Wistar rat. Male Wistar albino rats were divided into three main groups: negative control (saline only), positive control (isoproterenol only), and S. arvensis extract treated groups. S. arvensis extract was administered in three doses; 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg b.w. p.o for 14 days. On day 13 and 14, isoproterenol (85 mg/kg bw) was given intraperitoneally to positive control and extract treated groups. The parameters studied were cardiac biomarker enzymes which were Creatine Kinase (CK), Creatine Kinase-MB (CK-MB), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH). The results showed that S. arvensis at dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. could significantly (P<0.05) reduce the level of CK, CK-MB, AST, ALT, and LDH in myocardial infarcted rats compared to positive control. The increase of the dose of S. arvensis extract was not followed by an increase of its cardioprotective activity. In conclusion, Sonchus arvensis L. leaves extract at dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. has potential to be developed as cardioprotective drug.

In vitro Anthelminthic Activity of Crude Methanolic Leaf Extract of Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit (Bush mint) on Ascaris suum.

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
O. S Salami
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ascaris Suum ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Egg Hatchability ◽  
Anthelminthic Activity ◽  
Life Cycle Stages ◽  
Hyptis Suaveolens

Ascariasis is a neglected tropical disease prevalent in areas with poor hygiene and low standard of living in tropical countries. Hyptis suaveolens is been used traditionally around the world for various ailments. The aim of the study was to evaluate the anthelminthic activity of the methanolic leaf extract of the plant on the three life cycle stages of Ascaris suum synonymous to Ascaris lumbricoides. The phytochemical analysis of the extract was evaluated. The in-vitro anthelminthic activity of the methanolic leaf extract of Hyptis suaveolens on the egg hatchability and larva inhibition of Ascaris suum were assessed using Bizimenyara inhibition method, where 100 eggs were counted and incubated in 5 different plate-wells containing positive control, negative control and 3 concentrations (50, 70 and 100 mg/ml) of extract. The plate wells were brought out after incubation and content examined under the microscope. The effect of the methanolic leaf extract and pyrantel pamoate on cuticle peeling, motility and mortality were evaluated using adult worms. The egg hatchability and larval development after incubation for 48 h and 21 days significantly (p<0.05 for both) inhibited with 98% unhatched eggs and 95% undeveloped larva of A. suum respectively. There was significant (p<0.05) visible peeling of cuticles, reduced motility and mortality of the adult worms after 30, 12 and 80 minutes respectively. It can be concluded that H. suaveolens has anthelminthic activity on A. suum which may be attributed to some of the phytochemical constituents.

scholarly journals Hypoglycaemic Property of Nutraceuticals

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-107
Author(s):  
Mohammad Emdadul Haque ◽  
Quazi Safayetullah ◽  
Monira Ahsan ◽  
Sheikh Nazrul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Level ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Serum Glucose Level ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Black Cumin ◽  
Control Serum

Hypoglycemic property of four nutraceuticals named - black cumin, garlic, methi and karela has been investigated on an alloxan induced diabetic rat model. Glibenclamide was used as positive control and normal saline was used as negative control. Serum glucose levels of normal and diabetic induced rats were estimated by Glucose Oxidase method using a kit, and it were 4.33 ± 0.43 mmol/L and 8.27 ± 0.45mmol/L respectively. The alloxan induced diabetic rats were grouped into six, which were then treated with the four nutraceuticals and two controls. Treatment was given orally everyday for 28 days. Serum glucose level was analysed every 7 day intervals. It was observed that lowering of glucose level was significant (P = 0.01) for every 7 day treatment period. All of the nutraceuticals reduced the serum glucose level nearly to the normal value within 28 days. The rate of lowering of the glucose level was found to vary with the nutraceuticals. Garlic was found to be most active like the glibenclamide. The next active one was black cumin followed by methi and karela. The study conclude that nutraceuticals possess significant hypoglycemic property. Key words: Hypoglycaemia; Nutraceuticals; Black cumin; Garlic; Methi; Karela. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 6(2): 105-107, 2007 (December)

scholarly journals IN VITRO EVALUATION OF THE ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF RHIZOME EXTRACTS OF CURCUMA LONGA (LINN.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 425
Author(s):  
Jyoti Pandey ◽  
Suman Mishra ◽  
Kamal Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Significant Efficacy ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline

Objective: The current study was carried out to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of the rhizome extract of Curcuma longa as an alternative source of effective remedies for nematodiasis.Methods: The anthelmintic activity of the C. longa was assessed in vitro against Haemonchus spp., a gastrointestinal (abomasum) parasite of goats. Different concentrations of the extracts (1 mg/mL, 2.5 mg/mL, 5 mg/mL, and 10 mg/mL) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were tested, and the results expressed in terms of time of paralysis (minute) and time of death (minute) of the worms. Albendazole (1 mg/mL) was used as a reference (positive control) and PBS as a control group (negative control).Results: The qualitative phytochemical analysis of the methanolic extract (ME) of the plant disclosed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenol, anthraquinone, and carbohydrates; whereas, the aqueous extract (AE) showed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrate, flavonoids, and saponins. Both ME and AE of the C. longa (rhizome) expressed significant efficacy (p≤0.05) in causing paralysis as well as the death of the worms within 12 h of exposure at all tested concentrations, as compared to the negative control. The rhizome extracts of C. longa showed dose-dependent efficacy in causing paralysis of the worm motility and the final progression to death. The results showed that the ME at 10 mg/mL was significantly more potent (p≤0.05) over the AE.Conclusions: This study concluded that the rhizome extract of C. longa exhibited potent anthelmintic efficacy against the nematode parasite, Haemonchus spp.

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