Assessment of Drought Over Parambikulam Aliyar Basin of Tamil Nadu

Rainfall has a greater impact on agricultural, hydrological, economic, environmental and social systems. Inconsistencies in rainfall pattern could lead to extremities like drought and flood. Drought is a long period of unusually low rainfall that severely affects crop production and welfare of the people. Understanding the impacts of drought is crucial for planning, mitigation and responses. The Standardized precipitation index (SPI) method was employed for identifying drought occurrence in Parambikulam aliyar basin based on rainfall data of 37 years (1981–2017). SPI method indicated PAP basin had drought once in 4 years. In 19 per cent times, wet situation found to exist in PAP basin, five years exhibited moderately wet condition (1984, 1996, 2010, 2015 and 2017) and two years (1992 and 2005) fell under extremely wet event. Quantification on the drought events forms the scientific basis for decision makers to reduce the societal vulnerability to drought.

Download Full-text

Drought Occurrence in Central European Mountainous Region (Tatra National Park, Slovakia) within the Period 1961–2010

Advances in Meteorology ◽

10.1155/2015/248728 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Jaroslav Vido ◽

Tsegaye Tadesse ◽

Zbyšek Šustek ◽

Radoslav Kandrík ◽

Miriam Hanzelová ◽

...

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Economic Sectors ◽

Central European ◽

Drought Variability ◽

Tatra Mts ◽

Tatra National Park ◽

Gis Methods ◽

The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Drought Occurrence

Drought has recently become a significant topic in the Central European region. It has been observed that the drought phenomenon has severe impacts on the agriculture, hydrology, social, and economic sectors of lowland areas. This study focuses on how drought, defined as a precipitation shortage, occurs in higher altitudes of the Tatra National Park (Tatra Mts., Slovakia), which is a significant biological reserve of the Central European fauna and flora. The main goals of this research include identifying drought variability and its characteristics over the Tatra National Park in the West Carpathians (Slovakia), especially to characterizing drought variability and its spatial pattern across the Tatra National Park from 1961 to 2010 using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and standard Geographic Information System (GIS) methods. The results showed that frequency of drought occurrence has cyclic pattern with approximately 30-year period. The spatial analyses showed that precipitation shadow of the mountains influences the risk of drought occurrence. The drought-prone areas over the mountains are also identified.

Download Full-text

A global-scale relationship between crop yield anomaly and multiscalar drought index based on multiple precipitation data

Environmental Research Letters ◽

10.1088/1748-9326/ac45b4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Vempi Satriya Adi Hendrawan ◽

Wonsik Kim ◽

Yoshiya Touge ◽

Shi Ke ◽

Daisuke Komori

Keyword(s):

Crop Yield ◽

Crop Production ◽

Input Data ◽

Drought Index ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Global Scale ◽

Data Set ◽

Drought Impact ◽

The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Global Precipitation

Abstract Drought impact on crop production is well known as crop yield is strongly controlled by climate variation. Previous studies assessed the drought impact using a drought index based on a single input data set, while the variability of the drought index to the input data choice is notable. In this study, a drought index based on the Standardized Precipitation Index with multiple timescales using several global precipitation datasets was compared with the detrended anomaly based on the global dataset of historical yield for major crops over 1981-2016. Results show that the drought index based on the ensemble precipitation dataset correlates better with the crop yield anomaly than a single dataset. Based on the drought index using ensemble datasets, global crop areas significantly affected by drought during the study period were around 23, 8, 30, and 29% for maize, rice, soybean, and wheat, respectively, induced mainly by medium to longer drought timescale (5 – 12-months). This study indicates that most crops cultivated in dry regions were affected by droughts worldwide, while rice shows less correlation to drought as it is generally irrigated and cultivated in humid regions with less drought exposure. This study provides a valuable framework for data choices in drought index development and a better knowledge of the drought impact on agriculture using different timescales on a global scale towards understanding crop vulnerability to climate disruptions.

Download Full-text

Analysis of Temporal-Spatial Variation Characteristics of Drought: A Case Study from Xinjiang, China

Water ◽

10.3390/w12030741 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 741 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Qiang An ◽

Huaxiang He ◽

Juanjuan Gao ◽

Qianwen Nie ◽

Yingjie Cui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comprehensive Evaluation ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Winter Season ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Scientific Basis ◽

Drought Severity ◽

Monthly Precipitation ◽

North West ◽

The North ◽

The Standardized Precipitation Index

It is of great significance to study the characteristics and change trends of drought in Xinjiang to provide a basis for implementing local strategies. Based on monthly precipitation and temperature data from 95 meteorological stations in Xinjiang, from 1960 to 2018, the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) was calculated, and the characteristics and trends of drought in Xinjiang were analysed, in details. Furthermore, a comprehensive evaluation index, i.e., Regional Drought Severity (RDS), was proposed to analyse the effects of duration of the drought and the extent of the drought affected area. The results from our study suggested: (1) In consideration of global warming, droughts in Xinjiang have intensified during the past 59 years, and the frequency and range of droughts have increased significantly; (2) During the plant growing season, spring, summer, and autumn, a drying trend was observed, while, a wetting trend was identified for winter season; (3) The drought-prone months shifted from January and December to March-November in the 1970s, and April was identified as a month with the highest frequency of droughts; (4) The meteorological change occurred a period near 1997. It can be speculated that the intensified droughts can be triggered by the excessive temperature rise, through comparing the changes in SPEI and the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), before and after the meteorological change; (5) After the meteorological change, the frequency of droughts with different levels had significantly increased, in addition, the drought-prone areas shifted from the north-west to the south-east. The results from this research provide important support for drought management in Xinjiang, also offer scientific basis for the formulation of relevant policies on agricultural and animal husbandry production.

Download Full-text

Impact of Agricultural Drought on Sunflower Production across Hungary

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos12101339 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 1339

Author(s):

Endre Harsányi ◽

Bashar Bashir ◽

Firas Alsilibe ◽

Karam Alsafadi ◽

Abdullah Alsalman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Crop Production ◽

Regional Scale ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Agricultural Drought ◽

Positive Trend ◽

The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship ◽

Sunflower Production

In the last few decades, agricultural drought (Ag.D) has seriously affected crop production and food security worldwide. In Hungary, little research has been carried out to assess the impacts of climate change, particularly regarding droughts and crop production, and especially on regional scales. Thus, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of agricultural drought on sunflower production across Hungary. Drought data for the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) were collected from the CARBATCLIM database (1961–2010), whereas sunflower production was collected from the Hungarian national statistical center (KSH) on regional and national scales. To address the impact of Ag.D on sunflower production, the sequence of standardized yield residuals (SSYR) and yield losses YlossAD was applied. Additionally, sunflower resilience to Ag.D (SRAg.D) was assessed on a regional scale. The results showed that Ag.D is more severe in the western regions of Hungary, with a significantly positive trend. Interestingly, drought events were more frequent between 1990 and 2010. Moreover, the lowest SSYR values were reported as −3.20 in the Hajdu-Bihar region (2010). In this sense, during the sunflower growing cycle, the relationship between SSYR and Ag.D revealed that the highest correlations were recorded in the central and western regions of Hungary. However, 75% of the regions showed that the plantation of sunflower is not resilient to drought where SRAg.Dx < 1. To cope with climate change in Hungary, an urgent mitigation plan should be implemented.

Download Full-text

Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Trends of Meteorological Droughts in the Wadi Mina Basin, Northwest Algeria

Water ◽

10.3390/w13213103 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (21) ◽

pp. 3103

Author(s):

Mohammed Achite ◽

Andrzej Wałęga ◽

Abderrezak Kamel Toubal ◽

Hamidi Mansour ◽

Nir Krakauer

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Sector ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Kendall Test ◽

Geographical Variations ◽

The People ◽

Slope Estimator ◽

Temporal Dimensions ◽

The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Meteorological Droughts ◽

Precipitation Trends

Drought has become a recurrent phenomenon in Algeria in the last few decades. Significant drought conditions were observed during the late 1980s and late 1990s. The agricultural sector and water resources have been under severe constraints from the recurrent droughts. In this study, spatial and temporal dimensions of meteorological droughts in the Wadi Mina basin (4900 km2) were investigated to assess vulnerability. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) method and GIS were used to detail temporal and geographical variations in drought based on monthly records for the period 1970–2010 at 16 rainfall stations located in the Wadi Mina basin. Trends in annual SPI for stations in the basin were analyzed using the Mann–Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator. Results showed that the SPI was able to detect historical droughts in 1982/83, 1983/84, 1989/90, 1992/93, 1993/94, 1996/97, 1998/99, 1999/00, 2004/05 and 2006/07. Wet years were observed in 1971/72, 1972/73, 1995/96, 2008/09 and 2009/10. Six out of 16 stations had significant decreasing precipitation trends (at 95% confidence), whereas no stations had significant increasing precipitation trends. Based on these findings, measures to ameliorate and mitigate the effects of droughts, especially the dominant intensity types, on the people, community and environment are suggested.

Download Full-text

TREND ANALYSIS FOR DROUGHT EVENT IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v57.1535 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

FADHILAH YUSOF ◽

FOO HUI–MEAN ◽

SHARIFFAH SUHAILA ◽

KONG CHING–YEE

Keyword(s):

Daily Precipitation ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Kendall Test ◽

Peninsular Malaysia ◽

Drought Event ◽

Upward Trend ◽

Daily Precipitation Data ◽

The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Trend Identification ◽

Drought Occurrence

In this paper, the geostatistics application is employed for analysis of drought events in verifying the upward or increasing and downward or decreasing trend during the drought occurrence. About 33 years of daily precipitation data obtained from 69 stations during the period of November, 1975 to October, 2008 in Peninsular Malaysia are analyzed to characterize the trend of dry events. The amount of precipitation is classified based on the standardized precipitation index (SPI) to determine the drought periods and proceed with the Mann–Kendall test for trend identification. These results are further verified by applying the kriging method. The kriging results describe that the trend values for drought events in Peninsular Malaysia interprets an upward trend especially in eastern and western parts.

Download Full-text

Positive and Negative Phases of the Wintertime North Atlantic Oscillation and Drought Occurrence over Europe: A Multitemporal-Scale Approach

Journal of Climate ◽

10.1175/2007jcli1739.1 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 1220-1243 ◽

Cited By ~ 110

Author(s):

J. Ignacio López-Moreno ◽

Sergio M. Vicente-Serrano

Keyword(s):

Twentieth Century ◽

North Atlantic Oscillation ◽

Time Scales ◽

North Atlantic ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Opposite Pattern ◽

The North ◽

The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Drought Occurrence ◽

Different Time Scales

Abstract In this study, droughts are analyzed using the standardized precipitation index (SPI) at different time scales for all of Europe over the period 1901–2000. The SPI is calculated at different time scales (1–12 months), as are the average values that correspond to negative and positive phases of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The responses of droughts to the phases of the NAO vary spatially, but the response also depends on the month of the year and the time scale of the analysis. During the positive/negative phases, negative/positive SPI values are generally recorded in southern Europe, with the opposite pattern recorded in northern Europe. In certain regions, significant differences in the SPI are also recorded during spring, summer, and even autumn. In several regions, the magnitude of the average SPI anomalies is noticeably different for the positive and negative phases of the NAO, indicating the asymmetric response of droughts to the NAO. The unstable response of drought occurrence is also demonstrated, at different time scales, to positive and negative phases of the NAO throughout the twentieth century. During the second half of the twentieth century, there is a strengthening of the influence of the positive phases of the NAO on droughts. In contrast, the negative phases show a weaker influence on the SPI during the second half of the twentieth century. This pattern is related to changes in the wintertime sea level pressure fields associated with positive and negative phases of the NAO.

Download Full-text

Meteorological Drought Assessment in Sharjah, UAE Using Drought Indices

International Journal of Environmental Science and Development ◽

10.18178/ijesd.2022.13.1.1366 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 16-20

Author(s):

Mhamd S. Oyounalsoud ◽

◽

Arwa Najah ◽

Abdullah G. Yilmaz ◽

Mohamed Abdallah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United Arab Emirates ◽

Crop Production ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Extended Period ◽

Meteorological Drought ◽

Distribution Functions ◽

Drought Indices ◽

Monthly Precipitation ◽

Drought Assessment ◽

The Standardized Precipitation Index

Drought is a natural disaster that significantly affects environmental and socio-economic conditions. It occurs when there is a period of below average precipitation in a region, and it results in water supply shortages affecting various sectors and life adversely. Droughts impact the ecosystems, crop production, and erode livelihoods. Monitoring drought is essential especially in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) due to the scarcity of rainfall for an extended period of time. In this study, drought is assessed in Sharjah UAE using monthly precipitation and average temperature data recorded for 35 years (1981-2015) at the Sharjah International Airport. The standardized precipitation Index (SPI), and the Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI) are selected to predict future droughts in the region. SPI and RDI are fitted to the statistical distribution functions (gamma and lognormal) in an annual time scale and then, a trend analysis of index values is carried out using Mann-Kendal test. The correlation between SPI and RDI indices was found to be high where both showed high drought frequencies and a tendency to get drier over time, thus indicating the need of appropriate drought management and monitoring.

Download Full-text

Observed Long-Term Trends for Agroclimatic Conditions in Canada

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology ◽

10.1175/2009jamc2275.1 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 604-618 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Budong Qian ◽

Xuebin Zhang ◽

Kai Chen ◽

Yang Feng ◽

Ted O’Brien

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Warm Season ◽

Growing Season ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Cool Season ◽

Evaporative Demand ◽

Long Term Trends ◽

The Standardized Precipitation Index

Abstract A set of agroclimatic indices representing Canadian climatic conditions for field crop production are analyzed for long-term trends during 1895–2007. The indices are categorized for three crop types: cool season, warm season, and overwintering. Results indicate a significant lengthening of the growing season due to a significantly earlier start and a significantly later end of the growing season. Significant positive trends are also observed for effective growing degree-days and crop heat units at most locations across the country. The occurrence of extremely low temperatures has become less frequent during the nongrowing season, implying a more favorable climate for overwinter survival. In addition, the total numbers of cool days, frost days, and killing-frost days within a growing season have a decreasing trend. This means that crops may also be less vulnerable to cold stress and injury during the growing season. Extreme daily precipitation amounts and 10-day precipitation totals during the growing season have been increasing. Significant trends associated with increased availability of water during the growing season are identified by the standardized precipitation index and seasonal water deficits. The benefit of the increased precipitation may have been offset by an upward trend in evaporative demand; however, this would depend on the amount of growth and productivity resulting from increased actual evapotranspiration.

Download Full-text

DROUGHT OCCURRENCE UNDER LITHUANIAN CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

Proceedings of the 7th International Scientific Conference Rural Development 2015 ◽

10.15544/rd.2015.059 ◽

2015 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Laima TAPARAUSKIENĖ ◽

Veronika LUKŠEVIČIŪTĖ

Keyword(s):

Meteorological Data ◽

Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

Vegetation Period ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Precipitation Record ◽

Calculation Step ◽

Drought Conditions ◽

The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽

June July

This study provides the analysis of drought conditions of vegetation period in 1982-2014 year in two Lithuanian regions: Kaunas and Telšiai. To identify drought conditions the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was applied. SPI was calculated using the long-term precipitation record of 1982–2014 with in-situ meteorological data. Calculation step of SPI was taken 1 month considering only vegetation period (May, June, July, August, September). The purpose of investigation was to evaluate the humidity/aridity of vegetation period and find out the probability of droughts occurrence under Lithuanian climatic conditions. It was found out that according SPI results droughts occurred in 14.5 % of all months in Kaunas region and in 15.8 % in Telšiai region. Wet periods in Kaunas region occurred in 15.8 %, and in Telšiai region occurrence of wet periods was – 18.8 % from all evaluated months. According SPI evaluation near normal were 69.7 % of total months during period of investigation in Kaunas and respectively – 65.5 % in Telšiai. The probability for extremely dry period under Lithuania climatic conditions are pretty low – 3.0 % in middle Lithuania and 2.4 % in western part of Lithuania.

Download Full-text