scholarly journals Erythrocytic Antioxidant Enzymes, Plasma Malondialdehyde and Haemoglobin Levels in Plasmodium Falciparum Infected Malaria Patients in Lagos, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ugochukwu Okechukwu Ozojiofor ◽  
Paul Gbenga Olawale ◽  
Ebipade Kereakede ◽  
Abba Umar Hassan ◽  
Kingsley Onuh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Plasma Malondialdehyde

This study investigated the effect of malaria parasitaemia on Plasmodium falciparum infected human erythrocytes oxidative stress biomarkers and haemoglobin levels. Seventy (70) human subjects of fifty (50) P. falciparum positive and twenty (20) control subjects between the ages of 10-60 years were selected for this study. Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) and microscopy were used to identify P. falciparum. The samples were matched based on age, sex and level of parasitaemia. Samples of blood were collected for the determination of P. falciparum, level of parasitaemia, anti-oxidant assay and haemoglobin levels; to assess the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), total protein (PRO), reduced glutathione (GSH), haemoglobin and Parasite density. Haemoglobin level was determined using a Coulter A-T Pierce haematology analyzer (Beckman Coulter, Inc. Fullerton, CA, USA). This study showed that the mean level of PRO, CAT, MDA and SOD was significantly higher among the P. falciparum positive patients to those in the control while GPx level was lower, also, the mean level of HGB was significantly lower in the P. falciparum positive patients to those in the control. MDA, SOD, GSH and PRO level were higher among age group (10-20) in the P. falciparum infected patients and lower in the control subjects when compared to other age groups. MDA, SOD and PRO level were higher in the males than the females in both the malaria positive and controls. This study indicates that high parasitaemic patients are at greater risk of anaemia and oxidative stress compared to low parasitaemic ones.

Platelet Hypersensitivity in Acute Malaria (Plasmodium falciparum) Infection in Man

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (02) ◽  
pp. 547-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
E M Essien ◽  
M I Ebhota
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Malaria Infection ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Human Platelet ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Wave Pattern ◽  
Falciparum Infection ◽  
Secondary Wave ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
The Mean

SummaryDuring acute malaria infection, platelets in human platelet-rich plasma are hypersensitive to the addition of ADP between 1.0 uM and 5.0 uM, or adrenaline 0.11 uM as aggregating agents. The mean maximum aggregation amplitude (as % of light transmission) obtained from 8 subjects in response to added ADP (1.0 uM), 39.8 ± 27 (1SD), was significantly greater than the value in 6 controls (5.2±6.7 (1SD); t = 3, 51 P <0.005). A similar pattern of response was obtained with higher ADP concentrations (2.4,4.5 or 5.0 uM) in 22 patients and 20 control subjects (89.9±14.9% vs 77.8±16.5% (1SD) t = 2.45, P <0.02). Addition of 4.5 uM ADP to patient PRP usually evoked only a single aggregation wave (fused primary and secondary waves) while the typical primary and secondary wave pattern was usually obtained from controls.Mean plasma B-thromboglobulin (BTG) concentration in 7 patients (208.3 ± 15.6 ng/ml) was significantly higher than the value in 6 control subjects (59.2±15.7 ng/ml; t = 13.44, P <0.002).

scholarly journals Determination of activity of antioxidants in human subjects

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 1015-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garry G. Duthie
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Control Schemes ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Plasma Measurements ◽  
Determination Of Activity ◽  
Nutritional Antioxidants

Evidence from biochemical and animal models suggests that nutritional antioxidants should inhibit the development of diseases such as CHD and certain cancers. This evidence is not clearly corroborated by intervention studies in human subjects, due, in part, to inadequacies in current analytical methodologies. Althoughin vitroassays can give useful information on the attributes required by a compound to act as an antioxidant, results may have little nutritional relevance due to limited bioavailability. The determination of antioxidants in blood is often used as a measure of antioxidant statusin vivo, but may not necessarily reflect concentrations in target tissues where oxidative stress is greatest. In addition, the accumulation of antioxidants in selective tissues may not be apparent from plasma measurements. Participation in quality-control schemes for antioxidant determination by HPLC allows inter-laboratory comparison of results. Moderation of indices of oxidative damage to lipids, proteins and DNA can provide information on the effectiveness of compounds as nutritional antioxidants. However, most current methods of assessing oxidative stress are subject to confounding factors of non-oxidative origin. Assays for total antioxidant capacity in plasma differ in their type of oxidation source, target and measurement used to detect the oxidized product. They give different results, should never be used in isolation, and results should be interpreted with caution. Until more is known about the activity and metabolic fate of antioxidants, caution should be exercised in the consumption of large amounts of commercially-available antioxidant preparations.

Size variation of mastoid air cell system in Indian people at different age groups: a radiographic planimetric study

1990 ◽  
Vol 104 (8) ◽  
pp. 603-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Chatterjee ◽  
T. B. Ghosh ◽  
B. B. Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Human Subjects ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Cell System ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Indian People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age And Sex

AbstractA radiographic planimetric study of mastoid air cell system was carried out on 100 normal human subjects of which 50 were males and 50 females–who were further subdivided into five age groups. They had no history of past ear disease or any other clinical ENT abnormality. The mean area of the mastoid air cell system was measured planimetrically on X-rays and the data analysed according to age and sex. It was 12.05±0.67 cm2 in males and 11.45±0.70 cm2 in females (which are more or less the same as that of Western people).The size of the cranial bones has no apparent role in the size variation of the mastoid air cell system. The development of the latter was very rapid up to 10 years of age in both sexes and it continued even after 20 years of age but at a much slower rate.

scholarly journals Determination of some population dynamical parameters of Squalius cappadocicus Özuluğ & Freyhof, 2011 for Melendiz River (Konya Endorheic Basin)

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Burak Seçer ◽  
Umut Cömertpay ◽  
Sevil Sungur ◽  
Erdoğan Çiçek
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Fishing Pressure ◽  
Population Parameters ◽  
Dynamical Parameters ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Endorheic Basin ◽  
Population Mortality

The aim of this study was to determine population parameters of Squalius cappadocicus in Melendiz River. A total of 357 specimens, collected 2016 June-2017August. Age of the specimens ranged from 0th to 5th age groups and dominant age group was found I (30,53%) followed by 0th (%28,29) and 2nd (%20,44) age groups. Total length varied from 2.6-24.5 cm with the mean of 11.27±3.88 cm, total weight ranged from 0.44 to 202.99 with the mean of 23.57±25.32 g. Length-weight relationship were estimated W=0.0120*L2.9882. Estimated population parameters were calculated as L∞: 44.21 cm, k: 0.098, to: -1.47, Φꞌ: 2.28 and K: 1.13 for the population. Mortality and exploitation rates estimated as Z: 0.37, M: 0.32, F: 0.05 and E: 0.13, respectively. These values suggested that there is no over fishing pressure on the population.

scholarly journals Consequences of Dental Occlusion Enhancement by Means of Metal Crowns on the Animal Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 3517-3519
Author(s):  
Ana Ispas ◽  
Antarinia Craciun ◽  
Liana Lascu ◽  
Marcela Elisabeta Barbinta Patrascu ◽  
Mariana Constantiniuc
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Vertical Dimension ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Plasma Malondialdehyde

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a correlation between induced occlusal trauma and the occurrence of oxidative stress in the hippocampus. Twenty Wistar rats were randomized into three experimental groups and one control group. Animals in the experimental group were cemented modified crowns on molars to induce occlusal trauma in 7, 14 and 30 days. To evaluate the oxidative stress, blood was drawn from the hippocampus at 7, 14 and 30 day intervals. Oxidative stress was evaluated using the following specific tests: determination of plasma malondialdehyde and serum glutathione values. The results of the study demonstrate that malocclusion experienced by raising the vertical dimension in rats resulted in significant reductions in antioxidants and increase level of free radicals.

scholarly journals A Monitoring of Allantoin, Uric Acid, and Malondialdehyde Levels in Plasma and Erythrocytes After Ten Minutes of Running Activity

2014 ◽  
pp. 753-762
Author(s):  
R. KANĎÁR ◽  
X. ŠTRAMOVÁ ◽  
P. DRÁBKOVÁ ◽  
J. KŘENKOVÁ
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Intense Exercise ◽  
Suitable Candidate ◽  
Running Activity ◽  
Plasma Malondialdehyde

Uric acid is the final product of human purine metabolism. It was pointed out that this compound acts as an antioxidant and is able to react with reactive oxygen species forming allantoin. Therefore, the measurement of allantoin levels may be used for the determination of oxidative stress in humans. The aim of the study was to clarify the antioxidant effect of uric acid during intense exercise. Whole blood samples were obtained from a group of healthy subjects. Allantoin, uric acid, and malondialdehyde levels in plasma and erythrocytes were measured using a HPLC with UV/Vis detection. Statistical significant differences in allantoin and uric acid levels during short-term intense exercise were found. Immediately after intense exercise, the plasma allantoin levels increased on the average of 200 % in comparison to baseline. Plasma uric acid levels increased slowly, at an average of 20 %. On the other hand, there were no significant changes in plasma malondialdehyde. The results suggest that uric acid, important antioxidant, is probably oxidized by reactive oxygen species to allantoin. Therefore allantoin may be suitable candidate for a marker of acute oxidative stress.

A UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of oxidative stress biomarkers in amniotic fluid

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari Merce Cascant-Vilaplana ◽  
Abel Albiach-Delgado ◽  
Marta Camprubí-Camprubí ◽  
Miriam Pérez-Cruz ◽  
Olga Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Stress Biomarkers

scholarly journals Determination of the serum antibody level of different age groups of broiler chicken against Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
MI Hossain ◽  
BK Nath ◽  
MAM Prodhan
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Protective Level ◽  
Bursal Disease ◽  
The Mean

A study on Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) was conducted on broiler chicks (N=200+70) of strains: Cobb-500 and Hubbard classic at Laxmipur district of Bangladesh. The blood sample were collected at day old chicks (1st day), pre-vaccinated flocks (11th day) and post-vaccinated flocks (26th day), to measure the antibody titer by indirect ELISA method. Maternal derived antibody (MDA) mean titer of day old chicks (N=40) were found 9621.65 ± 780.78 and 4232.60 ± 301.66 for Cobb-500 and Hubbard classic respectively. MDA mean titer was measured at day eleven chicken (N=60) before vaccination and found 1963.00 ± 143 and 984.16 ± 126.4037 respectively. Of these two titers; Cobb-500 strain was found to be protective (>1000) where Hubbard classic was below protective (<1000) titer level. The two flocks of Cobb-500 and Hubbard classic strains of broiler chickens were vaccinated with intermediate (Bursine-2) and intermediate plus (IBD Blen) vaccine respectively at day twelve and serum was harvested on day twenty six. The mean serum titers were found 131.30 ± 36.04 and 7413.54 ± 569.39 in Cobb-500 and Hubbard classic respectively, where mean titer level of Cobb-500 was below the minimum protective level but Hubbard classic strain was developed 7413.54, protective level. These results were indicating that the maternal derived antibody titer persists above 1000 level hindering the development of antibody titer in vaccinated flocks. However, persistence of MDA titer above 1000 may causes of vaccination failure of IBD vaccine.International Journal of Natural Sciences (2014), 4(2) 22-27

scholarly journals Urinary 8-Hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) Concentrations and Menstrual Cycle Characteristics in Female University Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2616
Author(s):  
Shoko Konishi ◽  
Jun Yoshinaga ◽  
Yukiko Nishihama ◽  
Yu Onoda ◽  
Youichi Chisaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
University Students ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Menstrual Pain ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
The Mean

Higher concentrations of oxidative stress biomarkers are found in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis, conditions linked to irregular menstrual cycles and menstrual pain. The aim of the present study was to test whether women with higher oxidative stress are more likely to show irregular menstrual cycles and severe menstrual pain compared with women with lower oxidative stress. A cross-sectional study was conducted targeting female university students with a mean (SD) age of 20.5 (1.8) years (n = 188). Participants completed a questionnaire on reproductive characteristics and anthropometry and kept a menstrual cycle diary for 5 consecutive months. Urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), cotinine, and creatinine concentrations were measured once during the study period. The mean (SD) value of the urinary 8-OHdG concentration was 4.7 (2.0) μg/g of creatinine. A total of 1021 menstrual cycles were recorded. The participants were categorized as either having regular (68%) or irregular (18%) cycles or oligomenorrhea (13%) or polymenorrhea (1%). The urinary 8-OHdG concentration did not significantly differ across menstrual cycle regularity or pain categories. Even after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), and urinary cotinine concentrations, having irregular cycles or more severe menstrual pain was not associated with urinary 8-OHdG concentration.

scholarly journals Comparison of Anti-oxidant Activity of Five Elected Wild Commercial Mushrooms in Four Different Solvents as an Alternative Oxidative Stress Reliever

2019 ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Shahnaz Salamat ◽  
Muhammad Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Pleurotus Eryngii ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Volvariella Volvacea ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

Mushroom also known as a lit source of nutritional and therapeutical component so in order toevaluate the usefulness of the Pakistani wild mushroom strains as the possible nutracueticals, adetailedstudy entailing several tests for the determination of anti-oxidant potential was carried out on the electedmushrooms in four different solvents. Strains of Lentinus edodes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Volvariella volvacea,Pleurotus eryngii and Ganoderma lucidum were extracted for this particular purpose in the water, n- butanol,n-hexane and choloroform solvents. Test models including Total Phenolic Content assay, Total FlavonoidContent assay, 2,2-diphenyl-1,1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) Scavenging Activity assay and Reducing Powerassay were utilized for carrying out the comparative analysis among the selected mushrooms. The acquiredresults indicated that the extract of Volvariella volvacea and Pleurotus eryngii possess copacetic anti-oxidantpotential and can be utilized as oxidative stress reliever in humans. Furthermore, extraction studies alsoindicated that water is the most suitable solvent for anti-oxidants extraction for these mushrooms. Finding ofthe anti-oxidant potential for elected wild mushrooms contra indicate that these mushrooms can be safelyexploited as a amended natural anti-oxidant in comparison to its synthetic counterpart.

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