scholarly journals Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitosis among Mentally Ill Persons in Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Iquo Bassey Otu-Bassey ◽  
Dora Imefon Udoh ◽  
Ofonime Mark Ogba ◽  
Monday Francis Useh
Keyword(s):  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Intestinal Parasitosis ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Aim: The prevalence of intestinal parasitosis in relation to mental illness among inpatients of Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Calabar was investigated with a view to improving the quality of their medical care. Study Design: This was cross sectional study. Ethical approval and patients’ informed consent were sought and obtained before collection and processing of samples. Place and Duration of Study: Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Calabar, between February and August, 2016.  Methodology: We included 246 (126 patients, 120 apparently healthy) subjects. Intestinal parasites were detected by direct stool microscopy and formol ether concentration technique and the cellophane anal swab method for Enterobius vermicularis. Chi square analysis was used to compare percentages. Results: The prevalence of intestinal parasitosis among the 126 studied patients was 49.2% compared to 11.7% recorded among the 120 apparently healthy (control) subjects examined (P < 0.0001).  There was no significant association between intestinal parasites prevalence and gender in test as well as control subjects 60.0% v. 45.1%, respectively, p = 0.2022) and 14.3% v. 8.8%, respectively, P = 0.3113). Subjects with chronic mental cases insignificantly harbored more intestinal parasites than those with acute cases (53.8% v. 47.1%, respectively; P = 0.5699). Parasites detected in the study were Hookworm 34.6%, Entamoeba histolytica/dispar 25%, Ascaris lumbricoides 17.3%, Trichuris trichiura 9.6%, Enterobius vermicularis 5.8%, Giardia intestinalis 3.8%, Taenia species and Schistosoma mansoni 1.9% each.  Hookworm ranked highest 34.6% among the parasites encountered in the test subjects while Ascaris lumbricoides 33.3% took the lead in the control group. People diagnosed with Variance Psychosis disorder recorded highest infection rate (68.4%) while those with substance abuse had the least (28.0%). Conclusion: Intestinal parasitosis may possibly play aetiologic or enhancement role in mental ill health. For effective management of the mental challenge, periodic parasitic investigations and appropriate therapy before and after admittance should be effected in all psychiatric institutions.

scholarly journals Enteroparasitosis in patients attended by the health public service: epidemiology and spatial distribution

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 34764
Author(s):  
Andressa Barros Ibiapina ◽  
Janaína Soares Leal ◽  
Pedro Ricardo Alves de Santana ◽  
Marcelo Ribeiro Mesquita ◽  
Tito Lívio da Cunha Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Parasitosis ◽  
The City

AIMS: This research aims to determine the epidemiology and the spatial distribution of intestinal parasitosis in the city of Teresina.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out based on the data of parasitological fecal exams performed in the Laboratory Raul Bacelar between January, 2014 and July, 2017. In addition to the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis and polyparasitism, we verified the association of these diseases with gender, zone and period of the year by means of the chi-squared test, whereas the relation with age was analyzed by the Mann-Kendall tests and multiple comparisons of age classes. The spatial distribution was performed using the QGIS georeferencing software.RESULTS: The prevalence of enteroparasitosis in Teresina is 17,8% with Ascaris lumbricoides being the most common species, due to the precarious sanitary conditions of the city. The prevalence of individuals with polyparasitism is 3,13%, in which an association between the species Entamoeba coli and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar was found. There was no relation between intestinal parasitosis with gender, but we verified that individuals in rural areas are more susceptible to these diseases. The species Ascaris lumbricoides and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar occur more frequently in the first and second semester, respectively. We observed that there is an apparent tendency to increase cases of E. histolytica/dispar and reduction of cases of Giardia sp. according to aging. Mapping intestinal parasitosis showed us that there is a prevalence between one and 20% in most of Teresina's neighborhoods, and Ascariasis embodies at least 40% of cases of enteroparasitosis in these neighborhoods.CONCLUSIONS: Investments in basic sanitation and new epidemiological investigations must be carried out to control intestinal parasitosis in Teresina, emphasizing that children and the elderly should be considered priority groups in these programs.

scholarly journals Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and its association with anemia among pregnant women in Wondo Genet district, Southern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelo Bolka ◽  
Samson Gebremedhin
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intestinal Parasite ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Parasitosis

Abstract Background Previous studies reported contradicting findings about the association between intestinal parasitosis and maternal anemia. In this study we aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and its association with anemia among pregnant women in Wondo Genet district, Southern Ethiopia. Methods This facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in June and July 2018. Pregnant women (n=352) were randomly drawn from five health centers using antenatal care follow-up lists. Trained data collectors administered the questionnaire. Capillary blood was collected and analyzed for hemoglobin using the HemoCue method. Stool sample was collected following standard procedure and analyzed for the presence and types of intestinal parasites using direct microscopy with Formalin-ether concentration technique. Association between intestinal parasitosis and anemia was measured using multivariable binary logistic regression analysis. The outputs are presented using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 38.7% (95% CI: 33.6-43.8%). One-tenth (9.7%) of the pregnant women were infected with polyparasites. Ascaris lumbricoides was the predominant infection encountered in 24.9% of the women. The other infections identified were: hookworms (11.2%), Giardia lamblia (5.4%), Entamoeba histolytica (3.4%), Trichuris trichiura (2.9%) and Schistosoma mansoni (2.3%). The mean (± standard deviation) hemoglobin concentration was 12.3 (±1.9) g/dl and 31.5% (95% CI: 26.6-36.4%) women were anemic (hemoglobin < 11 g/dl). The prevalence of anemia among women infected with intestinal parasite (55.6%) was substantially higher than the prevalence in their counterparts (16.4%) (p<0.001). In a multivariable model adjusted for multiple potential confounders including socio-economic status indicators, the odds of anemia were six times increased (AOR=6.14, 95% CI: 2.04-18.45) among those affected by at least one intestinal parasite. Conclusion Strengthening the existing water, sanitation and hygiene programs and routine deworming of pregnant mothers may help to reduce the burden of both intestinal parasitic infection and anemia in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Prevalence of intestinal parasitosis and associated factors among the elderly

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Honório Silva Santos ◽  
Rita de Cássia Santos Barros ◽  
Kátia Virgínia Galvão Gomes ◽  
Adriana Alves Nery ◽  
Cezar Augusto Casotti
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Parasitosis

Abstract Objective: To identify the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis and associated factors in elderly persons resident in the community. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed involving 236 elderly persons in Aiquara, in the state of Bahia, Brazil, in 2015. Data were collected through a coprological survey and a questionnaire for information relating to sociodemographic characteristics, health and lifestyle. The presence of parasites in stools was verified by the Hoffman method. Results: The prevalence of intestinal parasites among the elderly was 30.5%. Among infected elderly persons, 26.3% had monoparasitism, 3.8% biparasitism and 0.4% polyparasitism. There was a predominance of protozoa (80.8%) over helminths (19.2%). The most prevalent parasites were Entamoeba coli (44.6%); Endolimax nana (21.7%) and Iodamoeba bütschlii (14.5%). In the population studied, the independent variables analyzed were not associated (p>0.05) with the presence of intestinal parasites. Conclusion: the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in elderly people living in the urban area of the municipal region of Aiquara, Bahia, was high and there was no association between intestinal parasites and sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle or health.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitosis and Its Associated Factors Among Children Aged 6 to 59 months Attending Mekane Eyesus Primary Hospital, Northcentral Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110366
Author(s):  
Tahir Eyayu ◽  
Amilaku Wubie ◽  
Teklehaimanot Kiros ◽  
Tegenaw Tiruneh ◽  
Shewaneh Damtie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Intestinal Parasitosis ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Primary Hospital

Background. Intestinal parasites are still a serious public health problem and important cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world, particularly in developing countries. Unfortunately, pre-school children are more susceptible to infection. However, information is scarce in the study area. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis and associated factors among children aged 6 to 59 months in Northcentral Ethiopia. Methods. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was carried out at Mekane Eyesus primary hospital from June 10 to November 30, 2020. Stool samples were collected from 322 children and examined by using direct wet mount and formal ether concentration techniques. The data were entered and analyzed using EPI Info v7 and SPSS v23 statistical software, respectively. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic analysis was carried out and potential associated factors were identified based on adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval and P-value <.05. Results. The prevalence of intestinal parasitosis was 18.0% (95% CI: 14.0%-22.0%). A total of 4 parasites were examined and the dominant parasite was E. histolytica /dispar (8.1%) followed by A. limbricoide (4.7%). Children with irregular trimming of fingernails (AOR = 3.14, 95% CI: 1.59-6.21), and child who have habit of eating unwashed fruits/vegetables (AOR = 3.80, 95% CI: 1.14-12.82) were strongly associated with IPIs. Conclusions. Protozoa parasites are most common cause of diseases in children. The study identified some preventable and modifiable factors to address the prevalence of IPIs. Additionally, improving mothers/guardians awareness about source of infection and mode of transmission is necessary.

scholarly journals Multiparasitism among Schoolchildren of Akonolinga, Nyong et Mfoumou Division, Centre Region of Cameroon

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Martin Gael Oyono ◽  
Leopold Gustave Lehman ◽  
Samuel Fosso ◽  
Charles Félix Bilong Bilong
Keyword(s):  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General School

In general, school-age children are the most vulnerable to parasitic infections and are particularly exposed to multi-parasitism and its potential consequences. This study aimed at determining the intensity of multi-parasitism in Nyong et Mfoumou Division. A cross-sectional study took place from September 2017 to July 2018 among pupils of five (05) government schools from the Nyong et Mfoumou Division. Stool samples were collected from each child and examined for protozoan cysts, helminth eggs and larva while blood samples were collected for detection of Plasmodium sp. and filarial blood stages. In addition, socio-demographic information were documented. In total, 416 schoolchildren were recruited; out of which 309 (74.28%) were infected by at least one parasite species. 13 parasite species were found: 03 blood parasites and 10 intestinal parasites. Plasmodium falciparum was the main blood parasite (37.26%). Amongst intestinal parasites, Entamoeba coli were the most common among protozoa (29.33%) and Ascaris lumbricoides among helminths (21.39%). The frequency of multi-parasitism was 44.47% and the average species reach was 1.43 ± 0.01 per individual. Four types of multi-parasitism were found (bi-parasitism, tri-parasitism, quadri-parasitism and penta-parasitism); the bi-parasitism (26.68%) was the most common. Significantly statistic associations were found between parasite species such as: Entamoeba coli, Entamoeba histolytica/dispar, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura can be explained by the same means of transmission. Association between Ascaris lumbricoides and Mansonella perstans could be a synergic interaction between these parasites. We conclude that the intensity of multiparasitism among schoolchildren in Nyong et Mfoumou Division is high with predominance in rural areas.

Study of Nasal Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FENO) in Children with Allergic Rhinitis

Sinusitis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
Sy Duong-Quy ◽  
Thuy Nguyen-Thi-Dieu ◽  
Khai Tran-Quang ◽  
Tram Tang-Thi-Thao ◽  
Toi Nguyen-Van ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Exhaled Nitric Oxide ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Peak Flows ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics

(1) Background: Exhaled nitric oxide (NO) has been considered as a biomarker of airway inflammation. The measurement of fractional exhaled NO (FENO) is a valuable test for assessing local inflammation in subjects with allergic rhinitis (AR). (2) Objective: To evaluate (a) the correlation between nasal FENO with anthropometric characteristics, symptoms of AR and nasal peak flows in children without and with AR; and (b) the cut-off of nasal FENO for diagnosis of AR in symptomatic children. (3) Methods: The study was a descriptive and cross-sectional study in subjects with and without AR < 18 years old. All clinical and functional characteristics of the study subjects were recorded for analysis. They were divided into healthy subjects for the control group and subjects with AR who met all inclusion criteria. (4) Results: 100 subjects (14 ± 3 years) were included, including 32 control subjects and 68 patients with AR. Nasal FENO in AR patients was significantly higher than in control subjects: 985 ± 232 ppb vs. 229 ± 65 ppb (p < 0.001). In control subjects, nasal FENO was not correlated with anthropometric characteristics and nasal inspiratory or expiratory peak flows (IPF or EPF) (p > 0.05). There was a correlation between nasal FENO and AR symptoms in AR patients and nasal IPF and EPF (p = 0.001 and 0.0001, respectively). The cut-off of nasal FENO for positive AR diagnosis with the highest specificity and sensitivity was ≥794 ppb (96.7% and 92.6%, respectively). (5) Conclusion: The use of nasal FENO as a biomarker of AR provides a useful tool and additional armamentarium in the management of allergic rhinitis.

scholarly journals FVC, FEV1 And FEV1/FVC% In Type-1 Diabetic Male And Their Relationships With HbA1c

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khan Mohammad Arif ◽  
Nasim Jahan ◽  
Nayma Sultana ◽  
Rezina Akter
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic and debilitating disease. Its complications give rise to micro and macrovascular diseases which affect eyes, kidneys, heart, blood vessels, nerves and also lungs. There may be a relationship between type-1 diabetes and reduced lung function.Objectives: To observe FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC % and their relationship with HbA1C in type-1 diabetic male in   Bangladesh.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka from January to December 2009. A total number of 60 male   subjects, from 18-30 years of age was taken and was divided into control and study groups. Among them study group was consisted of 30 type-1 diabetic male patients. Control group was consisted of 30 apparently healthy age, sex, BMI and socioeconomic status matched non-diabetic subjects. All the subjects belonged to lower socio-economic status. For assessment of lung function, FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC % of all the subjects were measured. All of theses tests were done by spirometric method by using a digital Spirometer. Again, to observe glycemic control of blood, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels of diabetic patients were also measured by usual laboratory technique. Data were analyzed by Independent-Samples ‘t’ test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient test as applicable.Results: FVC (p <0.001), FEV1 (p < 0.001), and FEV1/FVC% (p < 0.05) were significantly lower in type-1 diabetic patients in comparison to those of apparently healthy non-diabetic male. Again FVC and FEV1 had significant (p < 0.001) negative correlation but FEV1/FVC% had non-significant positive correlation with HbA1c.Conclusion: Impairment of some lung functions may be found in type-1 diabetic male which may be due to poor glycemic control. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v7i1.11156 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2012, June; 7(1): 23-28

scholarly journals Is patellofemoral pain a precursor to osteoarthritis?

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 541-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. A. Eijkenboom ◽  
J. H. Waarsing ◽  
E. H. G. Oei ◽  
S. M. A. Bierma-Zeinstra ◽  
M. van Middelkoop
Keyword(s):  
Disease Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Patellofemoral Pain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Joint Stress ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Lateral Modes ◽  
Shape Characteristics

Objectives It has been hypothesized that patellofemoral pain, a common knee condition in adolescents and young adults, may be a precursor of degenerative joint changes and may ultimately lead to patellofemoral osteoarthritis. Since both conditions share several mechanical disease characteristics, such as altered contact area between the femur and patella and increased joint stress, we investigated whether these conditions share similar and different shape characteristics of the patella compared with normal controls. Methods This cross-sectional study compared three different study populations: 32 patellofemoral pain subjects (mean age, 32 years (22 to 45); 72% female); 56 isolated radiological patellofemoral osteoarthritis subjects (mean age, 54 years (44 to 58); 89% female); and 80 healthy control subjects (mean age, 52 years (44 to 58); 74% female). Measurements included questionnaires, and lateral and skyline radiographs of the knee. Two separate 30-point 2D statistical shape models of the patella were created from the lateral and skyline radiographs. A general linear model was used to test for differences in standardized shape modes (a specific shape variant of the patella) between patellofemoral osteoarthritis, patellofemoral pain, and controls, using Bonferroni correction and adjustment for body mass index and gender. Results Five shape modes showed statistically significant differences between groups: skyline modes 1 (p < 0.001), 8 (p = 0.004), and 10 (p < 0.001); and lateral modes 5 (p = 0.002) and 7 (p = 0.002). Skyline mode 8 and lateral mode 5 were similar for patellofemoral osteoarthritis and patellofemoral pain populations, while being statistically significant different from the control group. Conclusion Our results indicate that patellofemoral pain and patellofemoral osteoarthritis share similar shape characteristics, which are different from control subjects. These findings support the proposed continuum disease model of patellofemoral pain predisposing to the development of patellofemoral osteoarthritis. Cite this article: J. F. A. Eijkenboom, J. H. Waarsing, E. H. G. Oei, S. M. A. Bierma-Zeinstra, M. van Middelkoop. Is patellofemoral pain a precursor to osteoarthritis? Patellofemoral osteoarthritis and patellofemoral pain patients share aberrant patellar shape compared with healthy controls. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:541–547. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.79.BJR-2018-0112.R1.

scholarly journals Relationship between Age and Serum Intact Parathyroid Hormone in Adult Obese Males

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
N Akter ◽  
R Begum ◽  
QS Akhter ◽  
S Shahjadi ◽  
J Akhtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Ipth Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group B ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Background: Obesity is a common health problem in urban population nowadays. Objective: The present study was carried out to asses the relationship of age with obesity in adult males. Methods: This cross sectional study was done in department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. For this purpose, 60 male subjects within the age range of 25 to 50 years were included in the study. Among them 30 non-obese, apparently healthy subjects were selected as control (Group A) and 30 obese subjects as case (Group B). Case and control subjects were selected from the Urban Primary Health Care Project (UPHCP), PA-2, Dhaka City Corporation, Dhaka and by personal contact during the period from January 2010 to December 2010. All the subjects were apparently healthy. Result: In this study, obese males showed significant negative correlation (p=0.032, r= -392) but non obese male showed non-significant (p=0.719, r= +0.069) positive correlation with age. Conclusion: This study concludes that, Serum iPTH level decreases with age in obese males. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdnmch.v18i2.16019 J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2012; 18 (02): 27-29

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF HEMATO-BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS BETWEEN APPARENTLY HEALTHY AND BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS AFFECTED CATTLE IN CHITTAGONG, BANGLADESH

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
M. B. Hossain ◽  
M. M. Khan ◽  
M. A. Rumi ◽  
M. Ahammed ◽  
M. S. Bari
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Cattle ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Biochemical Profiles ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The cross-sectional study was carried out to compare the hematological and serum biochemical profiles between bovine tuberculosis (bTB) affected and apparently healthy cattle during the period from March 2014 to October 2016. A total of 189 blood samples were collected from 93 bTB affected and 96 apparently healthy cattle of 3 Upazilas of Chittagong. The bovine tuberculosis (bTB) was diagnosed primarily by Caudal Fold Tuberculin Tests (CFTT) and confirmed by the Comparative Intradermal Tuberculin Test (CITT). The whole blood was analyzed for hematology, and serum samples were used for biochemical analysis. The study revealed that, the values for TEC, Hb and PCV were higher in infected cohort (based on CFTT) in compare to their counterpart control group. Among these three parameters only PCV values were statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05). Only basophil percentage was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher in infected cohort. The values of total protein, albumin, creatinine and SGOT were insignificantly lower and the values of calcium & phosphorus were also insignificantly higher in bTB affected cattle than control group of cattle.

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