COMPARISON OF HEMATO-BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS BETWEEN APPARENTLY HEALTHY AND BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS AFFECTED CATTLE IN CHITTAGONG, BANGLADESH

The cross-sectional study was carried out to compare the hematological and serum biochemical profiles between bovine tuberculosis (bTB) affected and apparently healthy cattle during the period from March 2014 to October 2016. A total of 189 blood samples were collected from 93 bTB affected and 96 apparently healthy cattle of 3 Upazilas of Chittagong. The bovine tuberculosis (bTB) was diagnosed primarily by Caudal Fold Tuberculin Tests (CFTT) and confirmed by the Comparative Intradermal Tuberculin Test (CITT). The whole blood was analyzed for hematology, and serum samples were used for biochemical analysis. The study revealed that, the values for TEC, Hb and PCV were higher in infected cohort (based on CFTT) in compare to their counterpart control group. Among these three parameters only PCV values were statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05). Only basophil percentage was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher in infected cohort. The values of total protein, albumin, creatinine and SGOT were insignificantly lower and the values of calcium & phosphorus were also insignificantly higher in bTB affected cattle than control group of cattle.

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Epidemiologic characterization of bovine tuberculosis in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n5supl2p3567 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (5Supl2) ◽

pp. 3567 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jason Onell Ardila Galvis ◽

José Henrique Hildebrand Grisi-Filho ◽

Daniele Da Costa ◽

Alba Luisa Pereira Ribeiro Said ◽

Marcos Amaku ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bovine Tuberculosis ◽

Tuberculin Test ◽

Reproductive Activity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Fixed Number ◽

The State ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Espírito Santo ◽

Apparent Prevalence ◽

Espirito Santo

A cross-sectional study was carried out between January 2012 and May 2014 to investigate the status of bovine tuberculosis in the state of Espírito Santo. The state was divided into two regions, and in each of them, 300 farms with reproductive activity were randomly selected and considered as the primary sampling units. In the selected farms, a fixed number of female bovines aged over 2 years were randomly selected to undergo a comparative cervical tuberculin test; an epidemiologic questionnaire was also applied. In the state of Espírito Santo, the apparent prevalence of tuberculosis-positive farms was 7.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.7-9.9). Prevalence at the herd level varied from 4.6% (95% CI = 2.6-7.3) in region 1 to 11.1% (95% CI = 7.7-15.3) in region 2. The apparent prevalence of tuberculosis-positive animals was 0.7% (95% CI = 0.3-1.1) in the state, and the prevalence varied from 0.3% (95% CI = 0.2-0.6) in region 1 to 1.2% (95% CI = 0.3-2.9) in region 2. The risk factors associated with tuberculosis prevalence in Espírito Santo were the number of adult females ? 10 (odds ratio [OR] = 2.40; 95% CI = 1.17-5.31) and milking type (milking machine/milking parlor) (OR = 2.88; 95% CI = 1.36-5.86]). The state of Espírito Santo should set up a surveillance system to detect and control bovine tuberculosis, taking into account the importance of dairy farms and animal trade in the state.

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Association of serum irisin concentration with thyroid autoantibody positivity and subclinical hypothyroidism

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/03000605211018422 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (5) ◽

pp. 030006052110184

Author(s):

Zhengyi Chen ◽

Qiao Zhang ◽

Nianchun Peng ◽

Ying Hu ◽

Hong Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Control Group ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Thyroid Autoantibody ◽

Glucose Levels

Objective This study evaluated the association of serum irisin level with thyroid autoantibody (TAA) positivity and subclinical hypothyroidism (SH). Methods In this cross-sectional study, 334 participants were assigned to one of the following four age- and sex-matched groups: TAA plus SH (84 patients), isolated TAA (83 patients), isolated SH (83 patients), or healthy controls (84 individuals). Irisin and creatine kinase (CK) were measured in serum samples. Results Patients with TAA plus SH, isolated TAA, and isolated SH had higher irisin levels compared with the controls. There was a significant increase in the irisin level in the TAA plus SH group compared with the control group. Among all participants, the irisin levels were positively associated with thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase antibody titers and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, but negatively associated with waist circumference, glycated hemoglobin levels, and fasting plasma glucose levels. The irisin level was not associated with the thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, or CK levels. Irisin levels were independently associated with TAA, with or without SH, but they were not associated with SH alone. Conclusions Irisin level may help to predict the risk of developing TAA with or without SH.

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Prevalence and risk factors of swine tuberculosis in central Ethiopia

Ethiopian Veterinary Journal ◽

10.4314/evj.v24i2.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 16-34

Author(s):

Kassa Demissie ◽

Jirata Shiferaw ◽

Girmay Medhin ◽

Aboma Zewude ◽

Asegedech Sirak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bovine Tuberculosis ◽

Addis Ababa ◽

Tuberculin Test ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Central Ethiopia ◽

Exposure Effect ◽

Purified Protein Derivative ◽

Depth Study

There is paucity of information in the epidemiology and pathology of tuberculosis in swine though the endemic occurrence of bovine tuberculosis was elucidated in Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was employed to investigate the epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and Mycobacterium avium complex in swine. The study was conducted from September 2016 to December 2017 using single intradermal comparative tuberculin test, gross pathology and histopathology. Tuberculin test was carried out in farmed swine of central Ethiopia while the necropsy at Addis Ababa Abattoirs Enterprise, Ethiopia. Of the total 329 heads of swine tuberculin tested by bovine purified protein derivative antigen, an animal level prevalence of 3% (95% CI: 2-6) and a herd level prevalence of 11% (95% CI: 1-49) were observed at a cut-off value of >2mm. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed the protective exposure effect of body condition to tuberculin test positivity in swine (Adjusted OR: 0.06; 95% CI: 0.0-1.1; P: 0.055). Swine were predominantly in close proximity with dairy cattle which is an important risk factor for the transmission of bovine tuberculosis from cattle to swine. Necropsy study of tuberculosis-like lesions in 640 heads of swine revealed an overall lesion prevalence of 4.1 % (95 CI: 2.8-6.0). In conclusion, the present study demonstrated the occurrence of swine tuberculosis in low prevalence in farmed swine and swine slaughtered atAddis Ababa Abattoirs Enterprise in central Ethiopia. Further in-depth study covering larger sample size and wider areas is warranted so as to identify the prevalent species and their zoonotic importance. Keywords: Abattoir; Epidemiology; Ethiopia; Pathology; Swine; Tuberculosis

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Seroprevalence of Leptospirosis among High-Risk Individuals in Morocco

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1155/2020/5236045 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Mohamed El Azhari ◽

Mathieu Picardeau ◽

Imad Cherkaoui ◽

Mohamed Anouar Sadat ◽

Houda Moumni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Control Group ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Control And Prevention ◽

High Risk Populations ◽

Human Blood Samples

Background. Leptospirosis is an anthropozoonotic reemerging neglected infectious disease underreported in most developing countries. A cross-sectional study was performed between 17 and 23 February 2014 to estimate the seroprevalence of leptospirosis among high-risk populations in Casablanca (Morocco). Methods. A total of 490 human serum samples (97.6% males) were collected in 3 high-risk occupational sites including the biggest meat slaughterhouse (n = 208), a poultry market (n = 121), and the fish market (n = 161). A total of 125 human blood samples were also collected from the general population and used in this study as a control group. To detect the presence of anti-Leptospira, sera were screened with in-house IgG and IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Positive samples were tested by Microscopic Agglutination Technique (MAT) using a panel of 24 serovar cultures and cut point of 1 : 25. Results. Seroprevalence of leptospirosis among the control group was 10.4% (13/125). A high seropositivity among the overall seroprevalence of 24.1% (118/490) was observed in the high-risk groups of which 7.3% (36/490), 13.7% (67/490), and 3.1% (15/490) were for anti-Leptospira IgM, IgG, and both IgG and IgM antibodies, respectively. Most of the positive individuals were occupationally involved in poultry (37.2%), followed by the market fish (26.1%) and the meat slaughterhouse (14.9%) workers. Among all ELISA-positive serum samples, 20.3% (n = 24) had positive MAT responses, of which the Icterohaemorrhagiae (n = 7) is the most common infecting serogroup followed by Javanica (4), Australis (2), and Sejroe, Mini, and Panama (one in each). In the remaining 8 MAT-positive sera, MAT showed equal titers against more than one serogroup. Conclusion. Individuals engaged in risk activities are often exposed to leptospiral infection. Therefore, control and prevention policies toward these populations are necessary.

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Hematological and Biochemical Profile of Patients Infected with Schistosoma mansoni in Comparison with Apparently Healthy Individuals at Sanja Town, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Tropical Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/4083252 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Nega Dessie ◽

Wossenseged Lema ◽

Mulugeta Aemero

Keyword(s):

Blood Cell ◽

Schistosoma Mansoni ◽

Parasite Density ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Control Group ◽

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Biochemical Profiles ◽

The Mean ◽

Apparently Healthy

Background. Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease that resides in the vascular system of vertebrates, causing a chronic, debilitating disease that affects more than 200 million people and 800,000 deaths per year in over 70 countries. This parasite causes liver dysfunction and disorders normal hematological and biochemical profiles in addition to portal vein hypertension syndrome, ascites, and liver fibrosis. The general objective of the current study is to assess hematological and biochemical profiles of patients infected with Schistosoma mansoni in comparison with apparently healthy individuals (control group) in Sanja town, northwest Ethiopia. Method. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from February to April 2019 among microscopically confirmed S. mansoni-infected patients attending Sanja hospital and apparently healthy (control group) from Sanja town community. A total of 220 participants, 110 from the S. mansoni-infected and 110 from the control group, were enrolled using convenient sampling technique. Three grams of stool and six milliliters of blood samples were collected from each study participant. Stool samples were processed using the Kato–Katz technique to determine infection and count parasite density. The blood sample was processed for the analysis of hematological and biochemical profiles using Cell Dyn 1800 (Abbot Hematology, IL, USA) and iChem535 chemistry analyzer, respectively. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 20, and P value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results. This study showed that the mean values of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total protein, total cholesterol, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and total white blood cell count were different in the Schistosoma mansoni-positive group as compared with the control group with statistically significant value (P≤0.05). However, the mean values of blood glucose, red blood cell, packed cell volume, and granulocyte count difference were not statistically significant (P≥0.05). The mean value of hemoglobin, red blood cells, blood glucose, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, total protein, total cholesterol, and total white blood cell was significantly dropped in the moderate and heavy S. mansoni parasitic load patients as compared with the control group and light S. mansoni parasite density patients. However, the mean of AST and ALT progressively elevated as the burden of S. mansoni increased. Conclusion. Most hematological and biochemical profiles were significantly lower in the Schistosoma mansoni-positive group as compared with the control group. Most hematological and biochemical profiles decline significantly as the parasite density increased. Hence, with Schistosoma treatment, supportive treatment against hematological and biochemical disorders is recommended.

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FVC, FEV1 And FEV1/FVC% In Type-1 Diabetic Male And Their Relationships With HbA1c

Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist ◽

10.3329/jbsp.v7i1.11156 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 23-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Khan Mohammad Arif ◽

Nasim Jahan ◽

Nayma Sultana ◽

Rezina Akter

Keyword(s):

Glycemic Control ◽

Economic Status ◽

Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽

Study Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Apparently Healthy

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic and debilitating disease. Its complications give rise to micro and macrovascular diseases which affect eyes, kidneys, heart, blood vessels, nerves and also lungs. There may be a relationship between type-1 diabetes and reduced lung function.Objectives: To observe FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC % and their relationship with HbA1C in type-1 diabetic male in Bangladesh.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka from January to December 2009. A total number of 60 male subjects, from 18-30 years of age was taken and was divided into control and study groups. Among them study group was consisted of 30 type-1 diabetic male patients. Control group was consisted of 30 apparently healthy age, sex, BMI and socioeconomic status matched non-diabetic subjects. All the subjects belonged to lower socio-economic status. For assessment of lung function, FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC % of all the subjects were measured. All of theses tests were done by spirometric method by using a digital Spirometer. Again, to observe glycemic control of blood, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels of diabetic patients were also measured by usual laboratory technique. Data were analyzed by Independent-Samples t test and Pearsons correlation coefficient test as applicable.Results: FVC (p <0.001), FEV1 (p < 0.001), and FEV1/FVC% (p < 0.05) were significantly lower in type-1 diabetic patients in comparison to those of apparently healthy non-diabetic male. Again FVC and FEV1 had significant (p < 0.001) negative correlation but FEV1/FVC% had non-significant positive correlation with HbA1c.Conclusion: Impairment of some lung functions may be found in type-1 diabetic male which may be due to poor glycemic control. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v7i1.11156 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2012, June; 7(1): 23-28

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Fascioliasis and COVID-19: A Case-Control Study in Iran

10.21203/rs.3.rs-257860/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Balazadeh ◽

Mohammad Zibaei ◽

Aliehsan Heidari ◽

Hadis Rastad ◽

Farzaneh Firoozeh

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Fasciola Hepatica ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Healthy Control ◽

And Gender ◽

And Control

Abstract Background: Human Fascioliasis is a zoonotic infection caused by the adult stage of Fasciola species. Fasciola hepatica is a parasite that, following living in its vertebrate host, reduces the host's inflammatory immune responses to infectious diseases, including COVID-19. Therefore, because of the completely unproven and limited data on this issue, we decided to evaluate the prevalence of antibodies against this parasite in patients admitted to the hospital due to relatively severe symptoms of COVID-19.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the serum samples of 182 patients with COVID-19 disease who were diagnosed by PCR test and 210 healthy subjects in Alborz Province, Iran between March and June 2020. Anti-Fasciola antibodies status was determined in all serum samples, using ELISA technique. A self-developed questionnaire was used to measure demographic information.Results: The frequency of Fasciola infection was found to be significantly higher in COVID-19 patients as compared to healthy control (n = 4, 2.2%, n = 9, 4.3%; respectively) (P = 0.041). There was no significant difference between COVID-19 patients and control group in age, education, and gender (P > 0.05).Conclusions: This study indicates that a significant association between Fasciola hepatica seropositivity and COVID-19 disease. Our finding suggests that Fasciola infection may be able to lead to decreased immune responses, thereby reducing the severity and symptoms of COVID-19 disease.

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Relationship between Age and Serum Intact Parathyroid Hormone in Adult Obese Males

Journal of Dhaka National Medical College & Hospital ◽

10.3329/jdnmch.v18i2.16019 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 27-29

Author(s):

N Akter ◽

R Begum ◽

QS Akhter ◽

S Shahjadi ◽

J Akhtar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Personal Contact ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Adult Males ◽

Ipth Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Group B ◽

Apparently Healthy

Background: Obesity is a common health problem in urban population nowadays. Objective: The present study was carried out to asses the relationship of age with obesity in adult males. Methods: This cross sectional study was done in department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. For this purpose, 60 male subjects within the age range of 25 to 50 years were included in the study. Among them 30 non-obese, apparently healthy subjects were selected as control (Group A) and 30 obese subjects as case (Group B). Case and control subjects were selected from the Urban Primary Health Care Project (UPHCP), PA-2, Dhaka City Corporation, Dhaka and by personal contact during the period from January 2010 to December 2010. All the subjects were apparently healthy. Result: In this study, obese males showed significant negative correlation (p=0.032, r= -392) but non obese male showed non-significant (p=0.719, r= +0.069) positive correlation with age. Conclusion: This study concludes that, Serum iPTH level decreases with age in obese males. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdnmch.v18i2.16019 J. Dhaka National Med. Coll. Hos. 2012; 18 (02): 27-29

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Study on the prevalence and risk factors of bovine tuberculosis in dairy cattle in Adama city, central Ethiopia

Ethiopian Veterinary Journal ◽

10.4314/evj.v24i1.6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tefera Woldemariam ◽

Samuel Bekele ◽

Gezahegne Mamo ◽

Gobena Ameni

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Dairy Cattle ◽

Bovine Tuberculosis ◽

Tuberculin Test ◽

Dairy Farms ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Measures ◽

Effective Control ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Central Ethiopia

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a serious infectious disease of cattle with significant economic impact and public health risk. It is particularly important in Ethiopia where effective control measures are lacking. This cross-sectional study was carried out between April and July 2016 on 1038 cattle selected from 206 dairy farms in Adama city located in central Ethiopia to estimate the prevalence of bTB and identify the potential risk factors using comparative intradermal tuberculin skin test. Accordingly, the individual animal level prevalence was found to be 2.1% (95% CI: 1.35 – 3.22). Of the 206 dairy farms included in the study, 7.3% (95% CI: 4.29 – 11.98) had one or more 15 cattle positive for the tuberculin test. Furthermore, 5.5% of the examined cattle were found reactive for atypical Mycobacterium. Among the risk factors considered, age and lactation status of the animals were significantly associated (p< 0.05) with the prevalence of bTB. It was noted that the apparent prevalence of bTB positive reactivity was greater in young and non-lactating cattle than their counterparts. In conclusion, the present study revealed 2.1% prevalence of bTB in the dairy farms investigated and culling of positive reactors is recommended as a feasible control intervention. Keywords: Adama; Bovine tuberculosis; CIDT; dairy cattle; Ethiopia

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Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitosis among Mentally Ill Persons in Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria

International Neuropsychiatric Disease Journal ◽

10.9734/indj/2019/v13i130102 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Iquo Bassey Otu-Bassey ◽

Dora Imefon Udoh ◽

Ofonime Mark Ogba ◽

Monday Francis Useh

Keyword(s):

Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Enterobius Vermicularis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Intestinal Parasitosis ◽

Chi Square Analysis ◽

Apparently Healthy

Aim: The prevalence of intestinal parasitosis in relation to mental illness among inpatients of Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Calabar was investigated with a view to improving the quality of their medical care. Study Design: This was cross sectional study. Ethical approval and patients’ informed consent were sought and obtained before collection and processing of samples. Place and Duration of Study: Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Calabar, between February and August, 2016. Methodology: We included 246 (126 patients, 120 apparently healthy) subjects. Intestinal parasites were detected by direct stool microscopy and formol ether concentration technique and the cellophane anal swab method for Enterobius vermicularis. Chi square analysis was used to compare percentages. Results: The prevalence of intestinal parasitosis among the 126 studied patients was 49.2% compared to 11.7% recorded among the 120 apparently healthy (control) subjects examined (P < 0.0001). There was no significant association between intestinal parasites prevalence and gender in test as well as control subjects 60.0% v. 45.1%, respectively, p = 0.2022) and 14.3% v. 8.8%, respectively, P = 0.3113). Subjects with chronic mental cases insignificantly harbored more intestinal parasites than those with acute cases (53.8% v. 47.1%, respectively; P = 0.5699). Parasites detected in the study were Hookworm 34.6%, Entamoeba histolytica/dispar 25%, Ascaris lumbricoides 17.3%, Trichuris trichiura 9.6%, Enterobius vermicularis 5.8%, Giardia intestinalis 3.8%, Taenia species and Schistosoma mansoni 1.9% each. Hookworm ranked highest 34.6% among the parasites encountered in the test subjects while Ascaris lumbricoides 33.3% took the lead in the control group. People diagnosed with Variance Psychosis disorder recorded highest infection rate (68.4%) while those with substance abuse had the least (28.0%). Conclusion: Intestinal parasitosis may possibly play aetiologic or enhancement role in mental ill health. For effective management of the mental challenge, periodic parasitic investigations and appropriate therapy before and after admittance should be effected in all psychiatric institutions.

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