scholarly journals Response of Nutritional and Phytochemical Constituents of Bitter Leaf to Some Drying Methods

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Johnson Odukoya ◽  
Uzoma Charles ◽  
Julianah Odukoya
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Vegetable Samples ◽  
Chemistry Research ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dietary Minerals ◽  
The Impact

Aim: Food processing is one of the post-harvest factors that affect the quality of food products. This research was aimed at evaluating the impact of two drying methods (sun-drying and freeze-drying) on the nutritional and phytochemical contents of Vernonia amygdalina Del. Study Design: Processed vegetables of V. amygdalina were subjected to the selected drying methods and the composition of the dried samples was thereafter compared. Place and Duration of Study: The eight-month study was carried out at the Food Chemistry Research Laboratory, Chemistry Department, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. Methodology: Harvested fresh samples of V. amygdalina were first cleaned with distilled water prior to drying. The dried vegetable samples were then ground to powder and subjected to proximate analysis via the application of recommended methods of Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Other nutritional and phytochemical analyses were achieved using standard methods. Independent-samples t-test was used to compare the difference in composition. Results: The results showed that except for crude fibre content, there was a statistical significant difference (p < 0.05) in the proximate composition of the vegetable samples obtained from the two drying methods while the freeze-drying method favoured the concentration of most of the dietary minerals tested. The two drying methods were found to give a similar phytochemicals screening result with the sun-dried samples having a higher concentration of total phenols and total flavonoids. The freeze-dried samples, however, had higher vitamin A and C contents. Conclusion: The research outcome revealed the suitability of the freeze-drying method for enhanced/improved drying action on vegetables and to have the optimum level of crude protein, major dietary minerals, vitamin A and C in the dried vegetables. Further work is needed to assess the impact of the selected drying methods on antinutrients composition.

scholarly journals THE DIFFERENCE OF TENSILE STRENGTH AND YIELD FIBRINOGEN ON FIBRIN GLUE PREPARATIVE BY CRYOPRESIPITATE WITH AND WITHOUT FREEZE DRYING METHODS

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Brilliant Margalin ◽  
S. P. Edijanto ◽  
Paulus B. Notopuro
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Fibrin Glue ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fibrinogen Content

Fibrin glue is a useful biological product to stop bleeding, adhesive tissue and accelerate wound healing. Preparation of Fibrin Glue requires fibrinogen and thrombin components. The routine cryoprecipitation method performed at the Blood Bank can be used to improve the quality of the fibrinogen component. The Freeze Drying process can increase the retention time of plasma products at room temperature. Yield Fibrinogen and Tensile Strength is a quantitative and qualitative parameter of preparation quality of fibrin glue. This study focused on finding differences between Tensile Strength and Yield Fibrinogen on fibrin glue preparative by cryoprecipitate with and without freeze drying methods.This study is in vitro laboratory experiments design by comparing the Yield Fibrinogen and Tensile Strength of fibrin glue preparation from cryoprecipitic plasma with and without freeze dried process. The results were analyzed comparatively using paired T test.The plasma fibrinogen content of the sample was 237.66 ± 67.10 mg / dL. The fibrinogen content of the cryoprecipitate component without freeze drying process was 327.74 ± 103.42 mg / dL with a yield fibrinogen of 1.38 ± 0.25. The fibrinogen content of the cryoprecipitate component with freeze drying process was 251.20 ± 103.91 mg / dL with yield fibrinogen 1.04 ± 0.25. Tensile strength of fibrin glue from cryoprecipitate without freeze drying process was found to average 0.52 ± 0.18. Tensile strength of fibrin glue from cryoprecipitate with freeze drying process was found to average 0.33 ± 0.12. There was a significant difference between yield fibrinogen and tensile strength of fibrin glue preparation of cryoprecipitation method with and without freeze dried process.There is a significant difference on yields fibrinogen and tensile strength in the preparation of fibrin glue by the freeze drying process which is probably due to changes in the structure and function of fibrinogen proteins.

scholarly journals Effect of Freeze-drying and Oven-drying Methods on Flavonoids Content in two Romanian Grape Varieties

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-494
Author(s):  
Lacramioara Oprica ◽  
Radu Gheorghe Antohe ◽  
Andreea Verdes ◽  
Marius Nicusor Grigore
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Vacuum Oven ◽  
Oven Drying ◽  
North East ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Red Grape ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Fresh Skin

The aims of this work was to investigate the effect of thermal drying method (vacuum oven drying), and nonthermal drying method (freeze drying) on the flavonoids content in two red grape varieties (Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot) from different grape components (seed, skin, and pulp) collected from two experimental fields, Bucium and Copou (North East of Romania). In general, the fresh skin of Cabernet and Merlot varieties has the highest flavonoids content followed by those obtained by oven-drying and freeze-drying process. A similar situation was observed in the other component of grape varieties like pulp and seeds meaning in the way that the flavonoid content in oven-dried samples were higher than that in the freeze-dried samples. In addition, from both varieties, Merlot collected from Bucium presented the highest content compared with Cabernet.

scholarly journals Proximate Chemical Composition of Dried Shrimp and Tilapia Waste Bioflocs Produced by Two Drying Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Tarq Binalshikh-Abubkr ◽  
Marlia M. Hanafiah ◽  
Simon Kumar Das
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Shrimp Waste ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Iron Copper ◽  
Nutrient Value ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Proximate Chemical Composition

The effects of two waste sources, red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) and whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), and two drying methods (freeze-drying and oven-drying) on the proximate chemical composition of bioflocs were investigated. In total, four kinds of experimentally treated bioflocs were compared to identify the best waste source and drying method to produce biofloc of an acceptable nutrient value: freeze-dried shrimp biofloc (FDSBF), oven-dried shrimp biofloc (ODSBF), freeze-dried tilapia biofloc (FDTBF), and oven-dried tilapia biofloc (ODTBF). The protein, lipid, ash, fiber, total nitrogen free extract (NFE), and energy contents of the dried bioflocs ranged from 12.12 to 24.09 g/100 g, 0.35 to 0.92 g/100 g, 42.45 to 61.01 g/100 g, 7.43 to 17.11 g/100 g, 16.45 to 18.59 g/100 g, and 0.99 to 1.94 Kcal g−1, respectively. Statistically, there were significant differences within the means of the two biofloc sources in terms of their proximate compositions (p < 0.05). The average values between the drying methods for protein, lipid, total NFE, and energy were also significantly different, while no significant differences (p > 0.05) were recorded for ash and fiber. Amino acids (AAs) were higher in FDTBF, followed by ODTBF. The mineral profiles showed that phosphorous, potassium, manganese, selenium, and copper were higher in the tilapia waste bioflocs, while calcium, zinc, iron, copper, chromium, and cobalt were higher in the shrimp waste bioflocs. Although the statistical analysis showed that the shrimp waste bioflocs had higher levels of lipid, fiber, total NFE, and minerals, the tilapia waste bioflocs contained higher levels of potential AAs, energy, and protein, which are regarded as expensive ingredients in aquaculture feeding. This study indicates that biofloc derived from tilapia waste can be regarded as a more suitable source of biofloc meal (in terms of protein, ash, energy, and AAs) than biofloc derived from shrimp waste. Our findings also suggest that freeze-drying is a more effective drying method for drying biofloc, as it efficiently maintains nutritional quality.

scholarly journals Variations of β-carotene retention in a staple produced from yellow fleshed cassava roots through different drying methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toluwalope Eyinla ◽  
Rasaki Sanusi ◽  
Emmanuel Alamu ◽  
Busie Maziya-Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Flash Drying ◽  
Cassava Varieties

Background: New yellow cassava fresh roots biofortified with β-carotene are becoming popular in Sub-Saharan Africa in the making of traditional products for households. However, β- carotene is susceptible to rapid depletion during processing. Therefore, we investigated the impact of using different drying methods in processing these fresh Cassava roots.Methods: We processed four newly released yellow fleshed cassava varieties (01/1371, 07/593, 07/539, and 07/0220) into fermented cassava chips, flour, and corresponding dough with sun, oven, and flash drying methods respectively. The β-carotene contents were analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Percentage true retention (%TR) was computed.Results: The results demonstrated that %TR in chips (13.7%), flour (11.7%), and dough (5.48%) from sun drying method had the highest level of β-carotene retention compared to oven (11.3%, 7.30%, and 3.47%) and flash (8.8%, 3.33%, and 1.24%) drying methods. The duration, intensity of heat used for drying, and variety had a significant effect on β-carotene retention. Variety 07/0220 with the highest β-carotene concentration (7.81±0.13µ/g) in the fresh roots did not necessarily have the highest concentration after processing. These results suggest that β-carotene retention is not only variety specific but also depends on the method of processing. Conclusions: These results will support ongoing breeding efforts aimed at increasing pro-vitamin A content in Cassava. The information may also be significant to solutions considering fermented cassava flour and dough in Vitamin A deficient populations.Keywords: Cassava, drying, fermented flour, carotenoids, retention, Lafun

scholarly journals The Effect of Drying Methods on Water-Soluble Carbohydrates and Crude Protein Concentrations and Their Ratio in Two Perennial Ryegrass Cultivars

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian J. Moscoso ◽  
Sarah A. Morgan ◽  
M. Jordana Rivero
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrates

The objective of this study was to assess the joint effect of perennial ryegrass cultivars and drying methods on concentrations of water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC) and crude protein (CP) and WSC/CP ratio. AberMagic AR1 and Expo AR1 forage were collected in December 2016, March, June, September and November 2017 and either oven-dried at 60 °C for 48 h (OD_60), at 80 °C for 16 h (OD_80), frozen at −80 °C for 48 h then freeze-dried (−80_FD), or flash-frozen with liquid N then freeze-dried (LN_FD). Data were analyzed by ANOVA in a factorial design with cultivar and drying method as factors. AberMagic AR1 had between 9.0 to 31.5% higher WSC concentration than Expo AR1 in the four samplings. Freeze-drying preserved more WSC than oven-drying treatments (+22.7%), particularly in June. The CP concentration of Expo AR1 was higher only in December (+6.8%), and was 22.9 and 10.9% higher in OD_60 samples compared to LN_FD samples in December and November, respectively. The WSC/CP ratio varied in June, being greater in AberMagic AR1 (+36.1%). Drying method affected WSC/CP ratio in December, June and November where freeze-drying produced greater ratios. Drying techniques generated differences in WSC, CP and WSC/CP ratio, which may affect the accuracy of the estimated impacts of forages on productivity and N use efficiency.

scholarly journals In vitro Alpha Lipoic Acid supplementation in freeze-dried human sperm: the impact on DNA fragmentation index

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Rezia Octarina ◽  
M. P. B. Dyah Pramesti ◽  
Agustinus Agustinus
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Human Spermatozoa ◽  
Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽  
Fragmentation Index ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dna Fragmentation Index

Freeze-drying technique is an alternative method on sperm preservation. However, this process can results in DNA damage. Adding antioxidants before freezing can reduce the detrimental effects of ROS on spermatozoa. Alpha lipoic acid (ALA) is one of the potent antioxidant that can be used to protect the sperm DNA. This study was aimed to determine the effect of ALA supplementation before freeze-drying on the DNA fragmentation index (DFI) of human spermatozoa. Nine semen samples were collected and evaluated for DFI (O1) then divided into 3 groups; freeze-drying without ALA (O2), freeze-drying with ALA 1,25 mg (O3) and freeze-drying with ALA 2,5 mg (O4).All three groups were stored at 4oC for 1 week. Sperm DFI were evaluated before and after freeze-drying. The result of this study showed a significant increase in sperm DFI in all three groups after freeze-drying (p<0,05) when compared to DFI before freeze-drying (14,67 ±3,295). However there was no significant difference between O2 (26,90 ±9,180) and O4 (29,29 ±5,524) group where the supplementation of 2,5 mg ALA did not have significant effect on protecting the DNA of freeze-dried human spermatozoa. The highest DFI was in the O3 group (44,64 ±11,717). Therefore, ALA supplementation before freeze-drying does not have a significant effect on protecting the DNA of freeze-dried human spermatozoa.

Color, microstructure, physicochemical, textural and sensory properties with the retention of secondary metabolites in convective-, microwave- and freeze-dried carrot (Daucus carota) slices

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulcin Yildiz
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Convective Drying ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This work was undertaken to evaluate the impact of different drying methods (convective, microwave and freeze drying) on color, selected secondary metabolites (total phenolic substances, ascorbic acid, beta-carotene and antioxidant capacity), texture (hardness), sensory properties and microstructure of carrot slices.Design/methodology/approachConvective drying at three different temperatures (55, 65 and 75 °C), microwave drying at two different power levels (100 and 200 W) and freeze drying were applied.FindingsSignificant differences were found among fresh and dried-carrot slices. Convective-dried carrots showed better quality characteristics in comparison with microwave-dried carrots. The convective-dried carrots at 65 °C exhibited the highest retention of bioactive compounds and best color among all convective drying conditions. The microwave-dried carrot slices at lower power (100 W) showed higher quality characteristics compared to the dried carrots at 200 W. The freeze-dried carrots exhibited the highest retention of secondary metabolites, sensory properties and best color among all drying methods.Originality/value The results from this study are significant for the processing of dried carrots by optimizing the conditions to obtain a high-quality product. Overall, freeze drying is a promising application as shown in the present study by its capability to better retention carrot quality underlying color, sensory, texture, microstructure and secondary metabolites.

scholarly journals Effect of Freeze Drying and Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion on Phenolic Metabolites and Antioxidant Property of the Natal Plum (Carissa macrocarpa)

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1420
Author(s):  
Faith Seke ◽  
Vimbainashe E. Manhivi ◽  
Tinotenda Shoko ◽  
Retha M. Slabbert ◽  
Yasmina Sultanbawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Gastrointestinal Digestion ◽  
Liquid Chromatograph ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Intestinal Phase ◽  
Glucosidase Activity ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
The Impact

Natal plums (Carissa macrocarpa) are a natural source of bioactive compounds, particularly anthocyanins, and can be consumed as a snack. This study characterized the impact of freeze drying and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on the phenolic profile, antioxidant capacity, and α-glucosidase activity of the Natal plum (Carissa macrocarpa). The phenolic compounds were quantified using high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode-array detector HPLC-DAD and an ultra-performance liquid chromatograph (UPLC) with a Waters Acquity photodiode array detector (PDA) coupled to a Synapt G2 quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) mass spectrometer. Cyanidin-3-O-β-sambubioside (Cy-3-Sa) and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (Cy-3-G) were the dominant anthocyanins in the fresh and freeze-dried Natal plum powder. Freeze drying did not affect the concentrations of both cyanidin compounds compared to the fresh fruit. Both cyanidin compounds, ellagic acid, catechin, epicatechin syringic acid, caffeic acid, luteolin, and quercetin O-glycoside from the ingested freeze-dried Natal plum powder was quite stable in the gastric phase compared to the small intestinal phase. Cyanidin-3-O-β-sambubioside from the ingested Natal plum powder showed bioaccessibility of 32.2% compared to cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (16.3%). The degradation of anthocyanins increased the bioaccessibility of gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, coumaric acid, and ferulic acid significantly, in the small intestinal digesta. The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) activities, and inhibitory effect of α-glucosidase activity decreased in the small intestinal phase. Indigenous fruits or freeze-dried powders with Cy-3-Sa can be a better source of anthocyanin than Cy-3-G due to higher bioaccessibility in the small intestinal phase.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Innovative Dried Purée from Jerusalem Artichoke—In Vitro Studies of Its Physicochemical and Health-Promoting Properties

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2644
Author(s):  
Jan Oszmiański ◽  
Sabina Lachowicz ◽  
Paulina Nowicka ◽  
Paweł Rubiński ◽  
Tomasz Cebulak
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Vacuum Drying ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Activity Inhibition ◽  
Health Promoting

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Jerusalem artichoke processing methods and drying methods (freeze drying, sublimation drying, vacuum drying) on the basic physicochemical parameters, profiles and contents of sugars and polyphenolic compounds, and health-promoting properties (antioxidant activity, inhibition of the activities of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase) of the produced purée. A total of 25 polyphenolic compounds belonging to hydroxycinnamic phenolic acids (LC-PDA-MS-QTof) were detected in Jerusalem artichoke purée. Their average content in the raw material was at 820 mg/100 g dm (UPLC-PDA-FL) and was 2.7 times higher than in the cooked material. The chemical composition and the health-promoting value of the purées were affected by the drying method, with the most beneficial values of the evaluated parameters obtained upon freeze drying. Vacuum drying could offer an alternative to freeze drying, as both methods ensured relatively comparable values of the assessed parameters.

Process for production of microencapsulated anthocyanin pigments from Rosa pimpinellifolia L. fruits: optimization of aqueous two-phase extraction, microencapsulation by spray and freeze-drying, and storage stability evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Halil İbrahim Odabaş ◽  
Ilkay Koca
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Anthocyanin Pigments ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Aqueous Two Phase Extraction

AbstractRosa pimpinellifolia L. fruits (RPF) are promising source of anthocyanin pigments. The objectives of this study were to optimization of the aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) process of anthocyanin from RPF and microencapsulation of anthocyanin-rich RPF extract. The optimal ATPE conditions were as follows: 0% HCl, 30% ethanol, 19% ammonium sulfate, and liquid to solid ratio 51.71, 97.71 min, and 30°C extraction temperature. Predicted anthocyanin yield at the optimum conditions was 1578.90 mg cyanidin 3-glucoside equivalent/100 g dry fruit. ATPE resulting in 1.80-fold increase in the purity of anthocyanins when compared to conventional solvent extraction (CSE). The composition of the anthocyanins were determined with HPLC-QTOF-MS. Freeze-drying and spray-drying methods were employed for the production of microencapsulated anthocyanin pigments. The half times of microencapsulated anthocyanins at 4, 25 and 37°C were determined as 12.16, 6.60 and 3.12 months for freeze-dried microcapsules, and 16.50, 9.24 and 4.29 months for spray-dried microcapsules, respectively.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document