scholarly journals Correlation of Features of Allergic Rhinitis and Allergic Conjunctivitis with Treatment Modalities

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuaib Kayode Aremu ◽  
Tayo Ibrahim ◽  
Azeez Oyemomi Ibrahim ◽  
Popoola Tomilayo Ajoke
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Allergic Conjunctivitis ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Nasal Symptom ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Eye Pain

Introduction: Allergic Rhinitis (AR) is a chronic, symptomatic allergic disorder of the nose that is usually caused by IgE-mediated inflammatory response following exposure to an allergen. The allergen could be in the form of dust, pollen, flower, animal dander, mold, cold, food allergens or insect. Clinically, AR occurs when there are recurrent nasal symptoms which are reversible either spontaneously or with medication in the preceding one year. Such symptoms include at least two of the following; excessive sneezing, running nose, nasal itching, nasal discharge, nasal congestion or obstruction. Previous studies have linked AR to be co-existed with another form of allergic disorders including AC, Atopic dermatitis and Allergic Asthma. This study is aimed at assessing the feature of  AR patients with coexistent AC as well as evaluating the effectiveness of the treatments offered to them. Objectives: The study was aimed at finding the correlation between the nasal and eye features in a patient who has co-existing allergic rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted between August 2018 and November 2019 among 38 patients who presented to ENT and Ophthalmology departments of Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigeria and was diagnosed with both allergic rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis. Relevant data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 20.  P ≤ 0.05 was taken as significant. Results: The patients’ age range between 8 and 81 years with a median age of 33 years. The majority were less than 45 years (63.2%) with the male to female ratio of almost. Eye pain, itching, and redness account for 97.4% of all the eye features, while the presence of Cobblestone-like papillae is the least and accounted for 5%. Nasal itching (92.1%) was the commonest nasal symptom. Sleep disturbance was found to be the most common among those with eye itching (29.7%). Conclusion: This research was conducted to correlate the features of allergic rhinitis with those of conjunctivitis and common management and preventive measures offered to the patients seen in our clinics. The majority of the patients were less than 45 years with almost equal sex ratio. Eye pain, itching, and redness account for the majority of all the eye features, while the presence of Cobblestone-like papillae is the least eye feature. Nasal itching was the commonest nasal symptom and this was seen in the majority of the patients with eye symptoms.

Comparison of efficacy and tolerability of oral desloratadine, rupatadine and ketotifen in seasonal allergic rhinitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-114
Author(s):  
Syed Khadeer ◽  
B Jagannath
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Nasal Symptom ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Non Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Change In Mean

Rhinitis is inflammation of nasal mucosa which characteristically presents as running nose, blocked nose, itching on nose or sneezing. Allergic rhinitis is more common than non-allergic rhinitis. Anti-histamines are the mainstay of SAR treatment. Desloratadine, rupatadine and ketotifen are the commonly prescribed anti histamines in our region. In this study, we have compared efficacy and tolerability of desloratadine, rupatadine and ketotifen in SAR. This was a prospective, randomized, three arm, open label comparative study of desloratadine, rupatadine and ketotifen in SAR, conducted at Department of ENT, Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangalore; between January 2014 and December 2014. Patients’ severity of SAR symptoms were assessed by TNSS, QoL was measured using Medical Outcomes Study questionnaire (SF-12). SF-12 was administered at the start of study and then at the end of study. Adverse effects were monitored during clinical examination at each visit. Study subjects were systemically randomized into three groups – desloratadine (DES), rupatadine (RUP) and ketotifen (KET). Based on the assigned group; desloratadine was given orally in dose of 10mg OD, rupatadine orally 10 mg OD and ketotifen orally 1mg BD. All medications were given for 4 weeks. Follow up was done for all patients every week during treatment period of 4 weeks. The primary outcome measure was change in mean TNSS from baseline; secondary outcome measures were changes in the individual nasal symptom scores, change in the quality of life and tolerability to the study medications. Total 150 patients were recruited for this study, divided into 3 groups. DES and RUP were equally effective but significantly better than KET in improving rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, TNSS and AEC. (p=0.05). All the drugs were equally effective with no statistically significant intergroup difference in improving sneezing, nasal itching and QoL. RUP appeared to have better tolerability as the total number of adverse events were marginally less. DES and RUP are comparatively more effective and faster acting than KET. All the study medications were well tolerated with few mild, self-limiting, transient adverse events requiring no intervention.

Efficacy of Hypertonic Saline Irrigation for Nasal Symptoms in Children with Perennial Allergic Rhinitis: A Randomized Double-Blind Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 1570-1577
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Hypertonic Saline ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Nasal Symptom ◽  
Perennial Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Nasal Irrigation ◽  
Nasal Cytology

Background: Nasal saline irrigation was an adjunctive therapy of allergic rhinitis (AR). It has been suggested that the use of hypertonic saline (HS) is better than normal saline (NSS) in treatment of AR. Reduction of mucosal edema by hypertonicity induced water transport through nasal mucosa, nasal congestion reduction and mucociliary clearance improvement. Objective: To compare total nasal symptom score (TNSS) between 3% HS and NSS irrigation in perennial allergic rhinitis children. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted at the Allergy Center of Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital (BAH), Royal Thai Airforce, Bangkok, Thailand between January and March 2021. Sixty-two perennial AR children were enrolled and categorized in severity level, namely mild, moderate or severe. Subjects were randomized into two groups. Each participant was blind-randomized to nasal irrigation of either 3% HS or NSS twice-daily for 4 weeks by the same investigator. The primary outcome was TNSS improvement between both groups. Secondary outcomes were quality of life, nasal congestion severity improvement, nasal cytology change and side effects. Results: TNSS improvement of 3% HS was more than NSS group (4.03±2.36 versus 2.73±3.06, p=0.034). Nasal congestion was the only symptom that differed significantly between the two groups (1.32±1.01 in 3% HS versus 0.70±1.24 in NSS, p=0.024). Reduction of congestion severity by physical examination, nasal cytology changes and side effects were comparable. Conclusion: Nasal irrigation with 3% HS in children with perennial AR had more improvement than NSS in TNSS., especially nasal congestion. Keyword: Hypertonic saline; Nasal irrigation; Allergic rhinitis; Nasal symptom score

scholarly journals Evaluation of Montelukast for the Treatment of Children With Japanese Cedar Pollinosis Using an Artificial Exposure Chamber (OHIO Chamber)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 215265671878359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Hashiguchi ◽  
Kimihiro Okubo ◽  
Yoichi Inoue ◽  
Hirotaka Numaguchi ◽  
Kumi Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Day Treatment ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Placebo Response ◽  
Japanese Cedar ◽  
Nasal Symptom ◽  
Exposure Chamber ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Japanese Children ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Pollen Exposure

Background This study evaluated the efficacy of montelukast in reducing seasonal allergic rhinitis symptoms in Japanese children with Japanese cedar (JC) pollinosis induced in an artificial exposure chamber (OHIO Chamber). Methods Pediatric patients aged 10 to 15 years sensitive to JC pollen entered a randomized, double-blind, single-site, crossover study. After confirmation of an allergic response to a JC pollen exposure for 3 hours in the OHIO Chamber during the screening period, subjects received either montelukast 5 mg chewable tablets or placebo for a 7-day treatment period, followed by a 3-hour pollen exposure in the chamber. After a 7-day washout period, subjects crossed over to the other treatment. Subjects were instructed to self-assess their nasal symptoms using 5-point scale for every 30 minutes. The primary end point was the change from baseline (just before entering the exposure chamber for each exposure) in total nasal symptom score (TNSS; the sum of nasal congestion, nasal discharge, and sneezing scores) over 3 hours of pollen exposure. Adverse events (AEs) were evaluated throughout the study. Results A total of 220 subjects (median age, 12 years) received treatment. For TNSS, the between-group difference in the change (95% confidence interval) was −0.01 (−0.11 to 0.10); the change between placebo and montelukast 5 mg was not significant. TNSS in the screening and treatment periods after receiving placebo for 7 days was 1.58 and 1.31, respectively, suggesting a placebo response. On account of high placebo response, a post hoc analysis was conducted. The analysis in a subgroup of subjects who did not show placebo response demonstrated a difference in the efficacy between montelukast and placebo (nominal P < .037). The most common AE was positive urine protein (4.6% with montelukast vs 7.8% with placebo). Conclusions Although montelukast was well tolerated, this study did not demonstrate a treatment difference between active drug and placebo in Japanese children exposed to JC pollen in the OHIO Chamber. Trial Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01852812

scholarly journals Prevalence of Allergic Conjunctivitis and Associated Comorbidities among School Going Children in Western Odisha - A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (20) ◽  
pp. 1565-1569
Author(s):  
Sharmistha Behera ◽  
Jayashree Dora ◽  
Durga Sahu ◽  
Madhumita Naik
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Allergic Conjunctivitis ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

BACKGROUND Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is a common eye condition that is frequent in childhood. The prevalence of allergic diseases in children aged 6 to 14 years varies significantly from 0.3 % to 20.5 %, and is gradually increasing.1 It is associated with several allergic diseases affecting the ocular surface and it is the most common ocular condition encountered in clinical practice. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence, ocular manifestations of allergic conjunctivitis, and associated comorbidities among school-going children in Western Odisha. METHODS A total of 1502 children from 10 schools of Burla, participated in this crosssectional observational study. Data collection started in September 2018 up to September 2019. All the children underwent meticulous history taking for symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis and any other associated comorbidities, a structured validated questionnaire was used to collect demographic and medical data. Visual assessment, and slit-lamp examination were done to look for signs of allergic conjunctivitis and any associated complications. Interpretation and data analysis was done using Epi Info Software and a chi-square test was used to analyse significant associations among categorical variables. RESULTS The prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis was found to be 29.16 % with a males to female ratio of 1.02: 1. Children aged 13 – 16 years recorded the highest number of cases which was 43.60 %. The commonest presenting symptom was itching (100 %), Papillae were the most frequent sign (97.71 %), Seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC) was the most common type of AC reported (59.36 %), and allergic rhinitis (17.8 %) was the most common associated comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of Allergic conjunctivitis is high among children aged 5 - 16 yrs. There is a lack of treatment seeking behaviour inspite of such high frequency. Early identification & treatment of patients would help curb complications, improve the child’s quality of life and thus the ophthalmic health of the community. KEYWORDS Allergic Conjunctivitis, Ocular Comorbidities, SAC

scholarly journals Audit of the workload in a maxillofacial and oral surgical unit in Johannesburg

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (04) ◽  
pp. 194-200
Author(s):  
Kamal Sukha ◽  
Mzubanzi Mabongo
Keyword(s):  
High Volume ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Global Studies ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Respective Treatment ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Surgical Unit

Maxillofacial and oral surgical (MFOS) audits are able to provide data to both current and prospective patients regarding the quality of care an institution is capable of providing. The more frequently performed MFOS procedures can be determined and the allocation of funding and resources can therefore be achieved more appropriately. To conduct an audit to evaluate the workload and scopeof practice of the MFOS unit of the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH) for the year 2015 by quantifying MFOS conditions and the respective treatment modalities. The study was retrospective and cross-sectional. Data was retrieved from the patient logbook of the unit which was then entered into a Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet. Pie graphs and bar charts representing the data were then generated. A total of 1 750 patients were treated in the unit. The male to female ratio was 1.3:1 and the majority of these patients were in their 3rd and 4th age decade. Most patients required a tooth extraction mainly for an impacted 3rd molar. Dentoalveolar surgery was the most commonly performed procedure followed by the treatment of facial fractures. Pathological and other MFOS conditions were less commonly encountered. The CMJAH MFOS unit treats a high volume of patients according to comparisons with global studies.

scholarly journals Hubungan Antara Rhinitis Alergi Dengan Sinusitis Pada Pemeriksaan Foto Sinus Paranasal di RSUD DR. H. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung Tahun 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 966-970
Author(s):  
Tantri Dwi Kaniya Retno Hapsari ◽  
Mardheni Wulandari ◽  
Haryadi Haryadi ◽  
Salma Restiany Sabilla
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Paranasal Sinus ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Sinus Mucosa

Background: Sinusitis and rhinitis are closely related diseases, especially chronic rhinitis. Allergic rhinitis is an allergic reaction to the nose that exposed to allergens. Sinusitis is an inflammatory disease that occurs in the sinus mucosa caused by inflammation of the nose with symptoms in the form of nasal congestion and pressure in the infected sinus area. Purpose: This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between Allergic Rhinitis and Sinusitis on Paranasal Sinus Photo Examination at RSUD DR. H. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung in 2019. Research Method: The research method used in this study is a descriptive analytic study with a cross sectional approach because it intends to analyze the influence or relationship in the study. The research design is cross sectional, which is a type of research conducted by collecting data only once at a time. The result: By using the Chi Square test, it shows a p-value = 0.000 which is less than the significance value of 5% (0.05), this shows that there is a significant relationship between allergic rhinitis and sinusitis. From the above analysis, it was found that the OR value = 17.28, which states that patients who experience allergic rhinitis have 17.28 times to experience sinusitis. By using the Chi Square test, it shows a p-value = 0.000 which is less than the significance value of 5% (0.05), this shows that there is a significant relationship between allergic rhinitis and sinusitis. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between allergic rhinitis and sinusitis on the paranasal sinus photo examination at RSUD DR. H. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung in 2019.

Effect of Shadbindu Taila and Haridra Khanda in Pratishyaya (Allergic Rhinitis)

The Healer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-60
Author(s):  
Sadhana Parajuli ◽  
Pramod Bhatta ◽  
D.L Bharkher
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Vital Sign ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Airborne Allergens

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an immune response of the nasal mucosa to airborne allergens and involves nasal congestion, watery nasal discharge, itching of the nose, and sneezing. Ayurveda describes Pratishyaya as one of the most important diseases among the 31 Nasarogas. Acharya Sushruta clearly mentioned that Pratishyaya is the condition in which vata kapha dusti was observed. Haridra Khanda is one of the prominent anti allergic drugs mentioned in ayurveda. Pratimarsha nasya has significant role in the prevention of urdhvajatrugata rogas. Ancient acharya has told to try shadbindu taila and Haridra khanda both locally and systematically in the management of pratishyaya. Here 30 patients were selected open randomly in shalakya opd of ayurveda campus kirtipur. They were given pratimarsha nasya with sadhbindu taila and internally haridra khanda for 30 days. The vital sign and symptom of pratishyaya like nasa srava, nasa kandu, kshavatu, nasa kandu and shira shula were studied before and after the treatment. The result of the study indicated that the combined therapy of internally Haridra Khanda and external pratimarsha narsha with sadbindu tail has given significant result in the treatment of Allergic Rhinitis (Pratishyaya).

scholarly journals Pattern and management outcomes of head and neck hemangiomas: a prospective study from Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Abbas M. Mungia ◽  
Sira Stanslaus Owibingire ◽  
Jeremiah Robert Moshy ◽  
Karpal Singh Sohal ◽  
William Sianga
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Infantile Hemangioma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Facial Disfigurement

Introduction: Hemangiomas arise from the proliferation of endothelial cells surrounding blood-filled cavities. They have a slightly higher female predilection and about 60–70% of them occur in the head and neck region. Various medical and surgical options are available for the treatment of hemangiomas. Aim: To determine the pattern and management outcomes of head and neck hemangiomas in Tanzania. Material and methods: This was a one-year prospective, cross-sectional study that involved all consecutive patients with head and neck hemangiomas treated in Muhimbili National Hospital. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information including age and sex of the patient, chief complaint and, duration, size and site of the lesion. The treatment modalities were surgery and/or intralesional bleomycin injection (IL-Bleo). A standard dose of bleomycin was 0.3 to 0.6 mg/kg per injection not exceeding 15 units per cycle with a maximum of 6 cycles. Frequency distribution and cross-tabulation were performed and association between variables was assessed by the Chi-square test, whereby the p-value was set at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 58 patients were included in the study. The male to female ratio was 1:1.4 and the median age was 6.15 years. Majority (74%) of the patients had infantile hemangioma. The most common presenting complaint of patients/guardians of the patients were facial disfigurement (94.8%), pain (32.8%) and ulceration (22.4%). The most frequently involved sites were the lips (55.2%) followed by the cheeks (37.9%). In patient who were managed surgically, there was a 100% reduction in size of the lesion. Of those who were treated with bleomycin, the percentage reduction in the area of the lesion ranged from 8.33% to 100% with mean of 72.6%. Only 6% of the patient had post IL-Bleo complications. Conclusion: Head and Neck hemangiomas are more common in females and majority are infantile hemangioma. Facial disfigurement is the commonest presenting complication of these lesions, and the lips and the cheeks are mostly affected areas. Intralesional bleomycin is an effective treatment modality which has low complication rates.

scholarly journals Profile of refractive error in Ekiti, south western Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iyiade A. Ajayi ◽  
Olusola J. Omotoye ◽  
Olubunmi Omotoso-Olagoke
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Error ◽  
Allergic Conjunctivitis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Eye Disorders ◽  
Ocular Disorders ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Refractive error is one of the eye disorders with the capability of causing visual impairment. We needed to know the various types and proportion of refractive errors seen in patients attending an eye clinic at the tertiary health centre.Aim: An observational study was carried out to determine the profile of refractive error in a southwestern Nigeria hospital.Methods: All new cases with the diagnosis of refractive error between January 2015 and December 2016 had autorefraction and subjective refraction to determine the types and values of refractive error. Data were analysed with SPSS 20. Statistical significance was inferred at p < 0.05.Results: Refractive error constituted 618 (21.4%) of the total new cases. The mean age was 39.3 ± 22.96 years. The male to female ratio was 1:1.8. Children constituted 25.7% of all the cases. The most common refractive error was myopia in 64.3%. A total of 312 (50.5%) patients had other co-existing ocular disorders with allergic conjunctivitis on the top of the list. The number of visually impaired reduced to 70 (5.64%) after the correction of existing refractive error with about 94.1% having their visual acuity restored to normal.Conclusion: Refractive error was a common eye disorder among our patients with the proportion of children about a quarter of all patients. We recommend that childhood refractive errors should be given prioritised attention in eye outreach programmes.

Reliability and Validity of the Rhinitis Control Assessment Test (Thai Version) in Patients with Rhinitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (7) ◽  
pp. 1199-1203
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nasal Symptom ◽  
Coefficient Alpha ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Allergic Rhinitis

Objective: To assess the reliability and validity of the Rhinitis Control Assessment Test (RCAT) (Thai version) in patients with rhinitis. Materials and Methods: This is a questionnaire-based research, cross-sectional study. The researchers had asked permission from the developer to translate the RCAT into Thai language based on the international standard of translation method. Validity test was evaluated by the expert looking at the items in the questionnaire and agreeing that the test is a valid measure of the concept. Fifty patients with allergic and non-allergic rhinitis were recruited into the present study and completed the RCAT, total nasal symptom scores (TNSS) and skin tests were measured at the same time. Cronbach’s coefficient alpha and Pearson correlation were evaluated for its reliability. Results: The RCAT (Thai version) have a good reliability and validity with Cronbach’s coefficient alpha 0.73 and Pearson correlation 0.74 in correlation analysis with TNSS (p<0.01). The aspect of content validity was evaluated by three specialists, and they agreed to all six questions of RCAT (Thai version). Conclusion: The researchers have demonstrated that the RCAT (Thai version) have a good reliability and validity and is suitable for clinical application to evaluate the rhinitis symptoms. Keywords: Rhinitis; Allergic rhinitis; Non-allergic rhinitis; RCAT

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