Effects of Gamma Rays on Cocona (Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
César Augusto Ticona-Benavente ◽  
Adria Santos Andrade ◽  
Manoel Ronaldo Aguiar Batista ◽  
Danilo Fernandes da Silva Filho
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Type ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Planting Materials

Harvesting hairy fruits of current cocona (Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal) is a painful task because the hair is itching. Therefore, growers would be interested in hairless fruit type planting materials. Breeding for this character depends on the amount of genetic variety present within the species. In the case of limited genetic variability occurring naturally, one can be created using mutagenic agents. Gamma rays were used in the course of the present study on cocona seeds of genotype CUB-08 at 100, 150, 200, 300 and 400 Gy. Irradiated seeds were sown in styrofoam seedling trays, then  transplanted in the open field, three months later, following a randomized block design with four replications and seven plants per plot, in the Agricultural experimental station of the National Institute for Amazonian Research (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia). The 100 and 150 Gy radiations led to germinating vigor and fruit pilosity variability whereas 200 Gy decreased the germination rate, and 300 and 400 Gy were totally deleterious. Therefore, gamma rays 100-150 Gy could be used to enhance genetic diversity for fruit pilosity and for fruit number as well.

scholarly journals Genetic divergence among Brachiara humidicola (Rendle) Schweick hybrids evaluated in the Western Brazilian Amazon

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giselle Mariano Lessa de Assis ◽  
Cléia Florentino dos Santos ◽  
Patrícia Silva Flores ◽  
Cacilda Borges do Valle
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Clustering Techniques ◽  
Selection Strategies ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The objectives of this study were to detect genetic variability among genotypes of Brachiara humidicola, study the genetic diversity and identify redundant variables in the discrimination of hybrids. Fifteen genotypes were evaluated for morphological, agronomic and nutritive characteristics in a randomized block design with six replications, in Rio Branco, Acre. Analysis of variance was performed, followed by the Scott-Knott test. Different techniques of multivariate analysis were used to study genetic diversity. Significant differences in plant performance were observed for agronomic and morphological characteristics, but not for nutritive value. There was consistency between the different clustering techniques. Four redundant characteristics were identified that can be discarded. The existence of divergent and superior hybrids that can be used in recurrent selection (sexual) programs or can be released as new (apomictic) cultivars after testing for animal response was confirmed. The lack of genetic variability in bromatological traits indicates the need for differentiated selection strategies.

scholarly journals Effect of mutagenic treatments on development of mutants in turmeric cv. Prathibha (Curcuma longa L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (AAEBSSD) ◽  
pp. 116-120
Author(s):  
M. Lakshmi Madhuri ◽  
M.L.N. Reddy ◽  
K. Giridhar ◽  
N. Ratna Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Open Field ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Present Experiment ◽  
Mutation Frequency ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mutagenic Efficiency

The present experiment was carried out during Kharif, 2016-2017 at College of Horticulture, Dr. Y.S.R. Horticultural University, Venkataramannagudem to assess the impact of mutagens on mutagenicity like Mutation frequency on M1 population basis, Mutagenic effectiveness, Mutagenic efficiency and Frequency of albino, xantha and chlorina mutants in turmeric. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design and replicated thrice under open field conditions. Rhizomes are treated with gamma rays (25 Gy and 50 Gy) and EMS (250 ppm, 500 ppm and 1000 ppm) along with control. Maximum mutagenic frequency, effectiveness and efficiency was observed in25 Gy, 250 ppm EMS and combination of 25 Gy + 250 ppm EMS and minimum was recorded in 50 Gy gamma rays, 1000 ppm EMS and combination both 50 Gy + 500 ppm EMS and 50 Gy + 1000 ppm EMS .

scholarly journals Culinary and nutritional quality of common bean lines with Carioca grain type and interaction with environments

Revista CERES ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helton Santos Pereira ◽  
Renata Cristina Alvares ◽  
Leonardo Cunha Melo ◽  
Antônio Félix da Costa ◽  
Hélio Wilson Lemos de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
High Protein ◽  
High Protein Content ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Distrito Federal

ABSTRACT The objectives of this work were to study the genetic variability and the interaction between genotypes and environments for cooking time and protein content of bean grains as well as to identify elite lines of Carioca grain type with short cooking time, high protein content and high adaptability and stability for these two traits. Sixteen experiments were conducted in a complete randomized block design with three replications during the rainy, dry and winter seasons, in Goiás, Distrito Federal, Pernambuco, Sergipe, Bahia and Paraná States, in 2009 and 2010. Each trial was composed by 16 elite lines of Carioca grain type and the data of cooking time and protein content were obtained. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and to stability and adaptability analysis, according to the methodology proposed by Annichiarico. Genetic variability was found for cooking time and for protein content among Carioca common bean elite lines; however, for protein content this variability is lower. The environmental effect is important for the expression of these traits and is larger than the genetic effect. The interaction between genotypes and environments is important for cooking time and for protein content of common beans. The lines CNFC 11951 and CNFC 11962 presents short cooking time, high protein content and high stability and adaptability for both traits.

scholarly journals Aspectos nutricionais da variação genética em progênies de Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All. sob diferentes condições de cultivo

FLORESTA ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
SIMONE APARECIDA DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
MARIO LUIZ TEIXEIRA DE MORAES ◽  
SALATIÉR BUZETTI
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Old Trees

Sementes de aroeira foram obtidas a partir de 30 árvores de polinização livre, localizadas na Estação Ecológica do Instituto Florestal em Paulo de Faria - SP, em setembro de 1996. Foram instalados dois testes de progênies de aroeira (consorciado com mutambo e angico do campo – Exp 1 e homogêneo – Exp 2), em março de 1997, na Fazenda de Ensino e Pesquisa da FEIS/UNESP, em Selvíria - MS. O delineamento experimental utilizado foram os blocos casualizados, tanto no experimento consorciado como no homogêneo. Os caracteres nutricionais avaliados foram o conteúdo de: N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S. As estimativas de parâmetros genéticos foram obtidas em nível de média de parcelas. A herdabilidade, aos dois anos, variou de 0,05 (para o Mg) a 0,63 (para o N). Foi encontrada variabilidade genética para o teor de nutrientes e a característica mais indicada para um processo de seleção seria o conteúdo de N. Nutrient aspects of genetic variation on progeny of Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr. All. under different condition of crop Abstract Aroeira seeds were obtained from 30 trees of open pollination, located in the Estação Ecológica do Instituto Florestal in Paulo de Faria – SP, in September, 1996. Two tests of Aroeira progeny were conducted (mutambo and angico together – Exp 1 and homogeneous – Exp 2), in March, 1997, at experimental station of FEIS/UNESP, in Selvíria – MS. A randomized completely block design, to both experiments was used. The nutrient content evaluated was: N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S. The genetic estimates achieved to mean plot level and herdability on 2 year old trees was 0,05 to Mg and 0,63 to N. There was genetic variability to nutrient content and N was the better characteristic to selection process.

scholarly journals REACTION OF BANANA CULTIVARS TO THE Meloidogyne javanica X Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense COMPLEX

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 572-583
Author(s):  
LEANDRO DE SOUZA ROCHA ◽  
ROBERT FELIX DE SANTANA ◽  
ANA CRISTINA FERMINO SOARES ◽  
FERNANDO HADDAD
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Simultaneous Presence ◽  
Sterile Soil ◽  
Panama Disease ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Inoculation Time

ABSTRACT The interaction Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) x nematode and the genetic variability of Foc are the main problems with potential to affect the use of resistant varieties in the management of the Panama disease. The objective of this work was to evaluate the interaction between Foc and Meloidogyne javanica on the banana of the Prata Anã, Grande Naine and BRS Princesa cultivars. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with six treatments and ten replications, which differed in the inoculation time of each pathogen. Simultaneous inoculation with Foc and M. javanica, inoculation with Foc one week before inoculation with M. javanica, and inoculation with M. javanica one week before inoculation with Foc. In addition to the controls, Foc isolated, M. javanica isolated, and cultivars without the pathogens. The seedlings were transplanted in 3-liter pots with sterile soil infested with 40 grams of Foc inoculum at the concentration of 1x106CFU/gram and 1000 eggs and J2 of M. javanica. At the end of 56 days, the treatments with 'Grande Naine' presented the highest reproduction factors of M. javanica. In the 'Prata Anã' no interaction was observed between Foc x M. javanica. The treatments with simultaneous inoculation of the two pathogens, and with Foc a week before, in the 'BRS Princesa', presented the highest external disease indices (DI), which promoted the highest AUDPC. The highest internal DI were observed in the treatments Foc+Mj+Grande Naine, Foc+Mj+BRS Princesa, Mj+Grande Naine+Foc and Foc+BRS Princesa+Mj. The simultaneous presence of M. javanica and Foc increases the severity of the Panama disease in Grande Naine and BRS Princesa cultivars.

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan, Produktivitas dan Hasil Hablur Klon Tebu Masak Awal-Tengah di Tanah Inceptisol

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supriyadi , ◽  
Ahmad Dhiaul Khuluq ◽  
Dan Djumali
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Sugar Yield ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT<br />    <br />Sugar cane is a strategic commodity for the Indonesian government as raw material for the national sugar industry. Cultivation of sugar cane has been shifted to dry areas dominated by Inceptisol, Vertisol, and Ultisol soil. These conditions require certain clones to obtain high sugar yield. New improved varieties have been developed and 8 early-mid maturiting clones have been obtained. The study was aimed to evaluate and obtain earty-mid maturing clones with higher sugar yield than the existing varieties in dry land of Inceptisol soil. The study was conducted at the Karangploso Experimental Station, Malang from July 2015 to September 2016. The study was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The treatment consistsed of eight clones of early to mid maturing sugarcane clones and one control variety (Kenthung). The eight clones were (1) PS 04 117, (2) PS 04 259, (3) PS 04 129, (4) PS 05 258, (5) PS 06 391, (6) PS 06 370, (7) PS 06 188, and (8) JR 01. The results showed that three clones (PS 06 188, PS 05 258 and JR 01) produced higher sugar yield (10.45-11.88 ton ha-1), and the other clones showewd lower sugar yield (6.55-9.37 ton ha-1) than that of Kenthung variety (9.16 ton ha-1).PS 06 188 and PS 05 258 clones obtained the highest sugar yield of 11.88 and 11.49 ton ha-1, respectively.<br /><br />Keywords: dry land, performance, Saccharum officinarum,  sugar content, variety<br /><br />

Genetic variability and diversity analysis for yield and its components in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vichitra Kumar Arya ◽  
Jogendra Singh ◽  
Lokendra Kumar ◽  
Rajendra Kumar ◽  
Punit Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Spike Number

Forty nine genotypes of wheat were studied for generating scientific information on nature and magnitude of genetic variability and diversity for designing breeding programme. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design in three replications. The data were recorded on days to 50% flowering, plant height, peduncle length, number of productive tillers per plant, days to maturity, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, biological yield per plant, grain yield per plant, harvest index and gluten content. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters under study. The highest estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) were observed for grain yield per plant. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for grain yield per plant. Based on D2 –Statistics, 49 genotypes were grouped into eight clusters. The highest inter-cluster distance was found between cluster VII and VIII followed by III and VII. This indicates that genotypes included in these clusters possess wide genetic diversity. Grain yield per plant (31.46%) showed highest contribution towards genetic divergence; therefore, this character was major determinant of genetic diversity. On the basis of divergence and cluster mean it may be suggested that maximum heterosis and good recombinants could be obtained in crosses between genotypes of cluster VIII, VII and III in varietal improvement programme. Thus, crosses between the genetically diverse genotypes of cluster VIII with genotypes HUW 655, HP 1937, DBW 88 and HD 3058 and cluster VII with genotypes like HP 1938, HUW 656, K1006, DBW83, DBW 84, K1004, UP2822 and NW5050 are expected to exhibit high heterosis and are also likely to produce new recombinants with desired traits.

Genetic variability of Indonesian landraces of Vigna subterranea: Morphological characteristics and molecular analysis using SSR markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD FAUZAN FARID ALHAMDI ◽  
Asep Setiawan ◽  
Satriyas Ilyas ◽  
Wai Kuan Ho
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Vigna Subterranea ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Abstract. Alhamdi MFF, Setiawan A, Ilyas S, Ho WK. 2020. Genetic variability of Indonesian landraces of Vigna subterranea: The morphological characteristics and molecular analysis using SSR markers. Biodiversitas 21: 3929-3937. Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) is a potential grain, which can be considered as an alternative source of protein and carbohydrate. Due to unavailability of commercial bambara groundut cultivar in Indonesia, the characterization of bambara groundnut landraces is an important step before developing cultivar with traits of interest. The objective of the research was to access genetic variability of Indonesian landraces of bambara groundnut with different seed coat colors based on morphological and molecular markers. The experiment was arranged as split-plot in a complete randomized block design with the main plot was cultivation methods and the sub plot was landraces. There were differences in leaf shape and pod shape among the landraces. There were two main clusters of Indonesian landraces of bambara groundnut with 88.28% similarity. The first cluster was Cream, Brown Sumedang, Black Sumedang and Black Tasikmalaya, and the second cluster was Black Sukabumi, Brown Gresik, Black Madura, and Black Gresik. The result based on SSR marker with capillary electrophoresis indicated Black Gresik and Black Madura landraces were different from other Indonesian landraces.  Cream Sumedang or Brown Sumedang from the first cluster and Black Gresik or Brown Gresik from the second cluster have the farthest distances for developing improved variety of bambara groundnut.

scholarly journals KETAHANAN BEBERAPA AKSESI KAPAS TERHADAP HAMA PENGISAP DAUN Amrasca biguttula (ISHIDA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
I G.A.A. INDRAYANI ◽  
SIWI SUMARTINI ◽  
B. HELIYANTO B. HELIYANTO
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Mental Problems ◽  
Moderately Resistant

ABSTRAK<br />Amrasca biguttula (Ishida) adalah serangga hama pengisap daun<br />yang sangat potensial menurunkan produktivitas kapas. Pengendaliannya<br />secara kimiawi menimbulkan banyak masalah lingkungan, seperti<br />pencemaran dan peningkatan resistensi hama terhadap insektisida kimia<br />sintetis. Salah satu solusi dalam masalah tersebut adalah penggunaan<br />varietas tahan (resisten) yang juga merupakan bagian dari pengendalian<br />hama terpadu (PHT) pada kapas. Penelitian ketahanan beberapa aksesi<br />kapas terhadap A. biguttula (Ishida) dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai<br />Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat di Asembagus, Situbondo, mulai<br />Januari hingga Desember 2006. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui<br />ketahanan beberapa aksesi kapas terhadap serangan hama pengisap daun,<br />A. biguttula. Sebagai perlakuan adalah 30 aksesi kapas yang ditanam<br />dalam plot berukuran 10 m x 3 m, dengan jarak tanam 100 cm x 25 cm,<br />satu tanaman per lobang. Setiap aksesi disusun dalam rancangan acak<br />kelompok dengan tiga kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati adalah jumlah<br />nimfa A. biguttula per daun, jumlah bulu daun per cm 2 luas daun, dan<br />posisi bulu terhadap lamina (tegak/rebah), serta skor kerusakan tanaman.<br />Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap aksesi kapas berpotensi<br />terserang A. biguttula, meskipun tingkat populasi hama ini tidak<br />menunjukkan perbedaan nyata antar aksesi. Terjadi korelasi negatif (R 2 =<br />0,2425) antara jumlah bulu daun dan populasi nimfa A. biguttula dan<br />antara jumlah bulu daun dan skor kerusakan tanaman (R 2 = 0,2027).<br />Berdasarkan jumlah bulu daun, aksesi kapas yang termasuk kategori<br />sedikit berbulu dengan kriteria ketahanan sedikit tahan adalah: AC 134,<br />Stoneville 7, Fai Nai, SHR, CRDI-1, Kanesia 5, Kanesia 8, dan Kanesia 9.<br />Sedangkan aksesi lainnya termasuk kategori tidak berbulu dan peka<br />terhadap serangan A. biguttula.<br />Kata kunci : Kapas, Gossypium hirsutum, aksesi, hama, Amrasca<br />biguttula (Ishida), toleran, peka, kerusakan, Jawa Timur<br />ABSTRACT<br />Resistance of several cotton accessions to sucking insect<br />pest, Amrasca biguttula (Ishida)<br />Amrasca biguttula (Ishida) is a sucking insect pest which potentially<br />reduces cotton productivity. Its chemical control often cause environ-<br />mental problems mainly air pollution and increase of pest resistance to<br />certain chemical insecticides. One solution can be used to solve these<br />problems is by using resistant variety that is also an integral part of the<br />integrated pest management (IPM). Study on the resistance of several<br />cotton accessions to sucking insect pest, Amrasca biguttula (Ishida) was<br />conducted at the Experimental Station of the Indonesian Tobacco and<br />Fiber Crops Research Institute (IToFCRI) in Asembagus, Situbondo, East<br />Java, from January to December 2006. The objective of the study was to<br />find out the resistance of cotton accessions to sucking insect pest. Thirty<br />accessions of cotton were used as treatment and were planted in plots 10 m<br />x 3 m with plant spacing 100 cm x 25 cm, one plant per hole. Each<br />accession was arranged in a randomized block design with three<br />replications. Parameters observed were number of nymph of A. biguttula,<br />number of leaf hair, leaf hairs position (erect or lie down), and score of<br />damage. The result showed that every accession of cotton can be attacked<br />by A. biguttula although the insect population was not significantly<br />different among accessions. There is negative correlation (R 2 = 0.2425)<br />between number of leaf hair and population of A. biguttula and between<br />number of leaf hair and score of plant damage (R 2 = 0.2027). Accessions<br />that categorized as lightly hairy and moderately resistant to A. biguttula<br />were AC 134, Stoneville 7, Fai Nai, SHR, CRDI-1, Kanesia 5, Kanesia 8,<br />and Kanesia 9, while the others were categorized as glabrous and<br />susceptible to the sucking pest.<br />Key words: Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum, accession, insect pest, Amrasca<br />biguttula (Ishida), tolerant, sensitive, damage, East Jav

scholarly journals Preliminary Selection on Yield of Three Way Cross QPM Hybrids in West Java-Indonesia

Zuriat ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ruswandi ◽  
Dwi Wirawan ◽  
S. Ruswandi ◽  
F. Kasim ◽  
M. Rachmadi
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
University Faculty ◽  
West Java ◽  
Combined Analysis ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Thirty-two TWC QPM hybrids were selected based on genotype × environment (G × E) interaction and stability. The experiment was conducted in three locations with differing conditions. TWC QPM hybrids were tested under nitrogen deficient and nitrogen sufficient fertilization at the Padjadjaran University Faculty of Agriculture Experimental Station, Jatinangor, Sumedang from March until July 2004. Another set of TWC QPM hybrids was tested under sufficient nitrogen fertilization at a high altitude location in Pangalengan from June until October 2004. Each experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with two replications with 32 TWC QPM hybrids and two check cultivars, i.e. Bisi-2 and Pioneer-7. Bartlett’s homogeneity test was applied to error derived from analyses of variances of every location. Combined analysis was done since error was homogenous for all observed characters. The combined analysis showed that there was G × E interaction for seed weight per 10 plants. Preliminary METs in West Java successfully selected newly developed TWC QPM hybrids based on stability and interaction between G × E. These hybrids are QPDMR-8-BCP1 and QPDMR-8-BCP2 for wide adaptive cultivars and QPDMR-35-BCP1, QPDMR-26-BCP1, QPDMR-8-BCP1, QPDMR-1-BCP2, QPDMR-8-BCP2, QPDMR-10-BCP2 and QPDMR-15-BCP2 specific adaptive cultivars.

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