scholarly journals Study on Assessment of Risk factors of Constipation among Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery

2021 ◽  
pp. 335-341
Author(s):  
Monali Walke ◽  
Sheetal Sakharkar
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Minimum Risk ◽  
Rectal Pain ◽  
History Of

Objective: Aim of the study to assess the risk of constipation among patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Constipation is a gastrointestinal tract condition which can lead to abnormal stools, uncomfortable storage and passing with pain and stiffness. Constipation is one of the gastrointestinal system's functional impairments. Various symptoms also include bloating, pushing, abdominal and rectal pain, a feeling of fullness in the rectum or extreme defecation, a lack of full discharge, and stool infrequency (usually less than three times a week). Constipation problem is a condition that is prevalent in abdominal surgery patients in the preoperative and postoperative period due to physiological and psychological factors. While constipation does not endanger life. Bowel frequency is affected by many variables, including dietary factors, emotional state, immobility, prior history of bowel elimination problem, and psychological morbidity after abdominal surgery. Constipation is a common issue that many individuals face. Materials and Methods: The cross sectional research study conducted in AVBR hospital Sawangi Meghe, Wardha district with quantitative research approach. Sample size was 85. Sample was undergoing abdominal surgery patients. Tool was structured questionnaire including Patients characteristics & constipation risk assessment scale. Results: 48.24% of patients undergoing abdominal surgery had no risk of developing constipation, 29.41% had low risk of constipation, 14.12% had moderate and 8.23% of the patients undergoing abdominal surgery had severe risk of constipation. Minimum risk of constipation was 0 and maximum was 17. Mean risk of constipation was 5.14±5.71. Conclusion: This study can help to assess the risk of constipation among undergoing abdominal surgery patients and make them aware about risk of constipation.

Abstract WP226: Short Lasting Runs (<30 sec) of Atrial Fibrillation are More Commonly Observed in Ischemic Stroke Patients in Comparison to Controls

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethem Murat Arsava ◽  
Ezgi Yetim ◽  
Ugur Canpolat ◽  
Necla Ozer ◽  
Kudret Aytemir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Holter Monitoring ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Background: The role of short-lasting (<30 sec) runs of atrial fibrillation (AF) in ischemic stroke pathophysiology is currently unknown. Although these non-sustained attacks are considered as a risk factor for future development of longer lasting, classical AF episodes, prior research has highlighted that associated clinical stroke features are not entirely similar between these two types of arrhythmias. In this study we determined the prevalence of short-lasting AF in stroke-free controls and compared it to a consecutive series of ischemic stroke patients. Methods: A total 235 controls, without any prior history stroke or AF, were evaluated with ECG and 24-hour Holter monitoring for the presence of <30-sec or ≥30-sec lasting AF episodes. The results were compared to a consecutive series of ischemic stroke patients without prior history of AF (n=456). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine demographic and cardiovascular factors related to <30-sec lasting AF and its association with ischemic stroke. Results: Expectedly, the frequency of newly diagnosed ≥30-sec lasting AF, detected either on ECG or Holter monitoring, was significantly higher in patients with ischemic stroke (18% vs. 2%; p<0.01). Non-sustained AF was positively related to old age (p<0.01), female gender (p=0.01) and hypertension (p<0.01) in univariate analyses. In multivariate analyses, after adjustment for demographic and cardiovascular risk factors, presence of non-sustained AF was significantly higher among both cryptogenic (OR 1.78; 95% CI 1.02-3.10) and non-cryptogenic (OR 1.84; 95% CI 1.15-2.94) stroke patients with respect to controls. Conclusion: Our study shows a higher prevalence of non-sustained AF episodes in ischemic stroke patients in comparison to controls. Whether this cross-sectional association translates into causality in terms of stroke pathophysiology will be the subject of future studies.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C in pregnancy: an observational study highlighting its association with maternal parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Bushra . ◽  
Ambreen Ghori ◽  
Azra Ahmed ◽  
Najma Dalwani ◽  
Mushtaque Ali Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Background: Pregnancy is a very crucial time in a woman’s life. In this period of time, not only multiple physiological alterations effect the usual health status but also makes women more vulnerable to contract infection and face negative sequalae. Hepatitis C, a blood borne viral infection serve the similar fate when encountered by pregnant ladies. This study is based on exploring the prevalence of the Hepatitis C virus seropositivity among pregnant population. Moreover, we also evaluated the major risk factors leading to the infection in these mothers. Besides this, infected mothers were studied for their pregnancy outcomes.Methods: In this study 114 pregnant females were observed for this cross-sectional study. It was conducted in Gynecology Unit- 1, Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad, for the period of January 2017 to July 2017. Chi square test was applied for statistical analysis on SPSS version 16. The criteria for enrollment in the study was set to be a pregnant lady belonging to age group 20-35 years; having singleton pregnancy; was a booked case at the hospital with compliant to antenatal follow ups; admitted to the labor room for delivery. All the non-pregnant ladies, whom had co morbid conditions such as hypertension or diabetes or had infected with hepatitis B or D were excluded from the study. Furthermore, pregnant ladies with multiple gestion or those who were either diagnosed of hepatitis C prior to conceive or had a previous history of hepatitis C were also excluded.Results: Present study revealed that out of 114, 10(8.8%) pregnant ladies were found seropositive for Hepatitis C virus. Prior history for transfusion of blood was the Foremost risk factor discovered, with 60.5% women reported this. History of surgery was the 2nd commonest factor and 43.9% had this in their medical records. On the other hand, only 8.8% women gave the history for previous evacuation. While observing pregnancy outcomes, we found 48.2% neonates had low birth weight, 41.2% were born preterm and 21.1% had low APGAR score.Conclusions: In a nutshell hepatitis c is prevalent in the pregnant population of this region and showing its effects in the form of compromised pregnancies. History of blood transfusion and previous surgery were found to be chief risk factors in the study.

scholarly journals The Analysis of the Determinant Factor of Premature Rupture of Membrane on the Inpartu Mother in the IRNA 1 RSU Moh. Noer Pamekasan

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Lailatul Hafidah
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Premature Rupture Of Membranes ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Parity ◽  
Sexual Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Determinant Factor

Early Rupture of membranes is a rupture of the membranes when inpartu with opening at primipara less than 3 cm and in multiparas less than 5 cm, without depending on gestational age. Some factors which are suspected to be the cause of premature rupture of membranes are parity, history of KPD, sexual status and anemia. The purpose of this study is to analyze the determinant factor of premature rupture of membranes on the inpartu mother in the Inpatient Installation Room 1 RSU Moh. Noer Pamekasan.  The type of research is quantitative research with cross sectional research design. The study was conducted on January 30 to March 15, 2018 in the Inpatient Installation Room 1 RSU Moh. Noer Pamekasan. The sample is 59 respondents taken with simple random sampling. The independent variables are parity, history of premature rupture of membranes, sexual status and anemia. Dependent variable is premature rupture of membranes. The data was analyzed by using logistic regression test with p = 0,05. The results showed that the variable X1 (parity) with p = 0.037; OR = 0,008, variable X2 (history of KPD) with p = 0,049; OR = 23.736), Variable X3 (sexual relationship status) with p = 0,064; OR = 19.770; Variable X4 (anemia) with p = 0,628; OR = 2,132. So it can be concluded that the factors which affect Y (the incidence of premature rupture of membranes) is a parity factor and history of KPD and the most dominant factor is the parity with the effect of 0.008.The high parity or parity of grandemultipara and the history of KPD to the previous labor affects the occurrence of premature rupture of membranes in the Inpatient Installation Room 1 RSU Moh.Noer.  So it is necessary to do health education about the factors which affect the occurrence of premature rupture of membranes to prevent premature rupture of membranes recurring at the next labor

Neuroimaging utilization and findings in headache outpatients: Significance of red and yellow flags

Cephalalgia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 1841-1848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan P Young ◽  
Muhamad Y Elrashidi ◽  
Paul M McKie ◽  
Jon O Ebbert
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Community Practice ◽  
Red Flags ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Red Flag ◽  
Neuroimaging Study ◽  
Yellow Flags

Background Neuroimaging for headache commonly exceeds published guideline recommendations and may be overutilized. Methods We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of all outpatient community patients at Mayo Clinic Rochester who underwent a neuroimaging study for a headache indication in 2015. We assessed the neuroimaging utilization pattern, clinical application of red flags, and concordance with neuroimaging guidelines. Results We identified 190 outpatients who underwent 304 neuroimaging studies for headache. The median age was 46.5 years (range 18–91 years), 65% were female, and most reported no prior history of headache (n = 97, 51%). A minority of patients had prior brain imaging studies (n = 44, 23%) and neurological consultations for headache (n = 29, 15%). Few studies were ordered after consultation with a neurologist (n = 14, 7%). Seventy-seven percent of patients were documented to have a “red flag” justifying the imaging study. Abnormal neuroimaging findings were found in 3.1% of patients with warning flags (5/161); carotid dissection (n = 3) and reversible cerebral vasoconstrictive syndrome (n = 2). An estimated 35% of patients were imaged against guidelines. Conclusions The prevalence of serious causes of headache in a community practice was low despite the presence of a documented red flag symptom. Inadequate understanding or application of red flags may be contributing to recommendations to image patients against current guidelines. Interventions to reduce unnecessary neuroimaging of patients with headache need to be designed and implemented.

Differences in Outcome Between Open vs Laparoscopic Insertion of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts

2021 ◽  
pp. 000313482110505
Author(s):  
Aaron B. Lopacinski ◽  
Kevin M. Guy ◽  
Jessica R. Burgess ◽  
Jay N. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
General Surgery ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Laparoscopic Group ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Tertiary Referral Hospital ◽  
Shunt Insertion ◽  
Vp Shunt ◽  
History Of

Background Abdominal access during ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt insertion has historically been obtained by neurosurgeons via an open abdominal approach. With recent advances in laparoscopy, neurosurgeons frequently consult general surgery for aid during the procedure. The goal of this study is to identify if laparoscopic assistance improves the overall outcomes of the procedure. Methods This retrospective study included all patients who underwent open or laparoscopic VP shunt placement between September 2012 and August 2020 at our tertiary referral hospital. Patient demographics, comorbidities, prior history of abdominal surgery, open vs. laparoscopic insertion, operation time, and complications within 30 days were obtained. Results Neurosurgery placed 107 shunts using an open abdominal technique and general surgery placed 78 using laparoscopy. The average OR time in minutes was 75.5 minutes for the open cohort and 61.8 for the laparoscopic cohort ( p = 0.006). In patients without a history of abdominal surgery, the average OR time in minutes was 79.4 in the open cohort and 57.1 in the laparoscopic cohort ( p = 0.015). The postoperative shunt infection rate was 10.2% in the open group and 3.8% in the laparoscopic group ( p = 0.077). Discussion Laparoscopic placement of VP shunts is a reasonable alternative to open placement and results in shorter OR times. There is also a trend toward few infections in the laparoscopic placement. There appears to be an advantage with a team approach and laparoscopic placement of the peritoneal portion of the shunt.

Impacts of procurement strategies on construction SMEs’ growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-446
Author(s):  
Abimbola Olukemi Windapo ◽  
Oluseye Olugboyega ◽  
Sunday Odediran
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Managerial Skills ◽  
Social Growth ◽  
Construction Company ◽  
Construction Enterprises ◽  
Procurement Strategies

Purpose This study aims to investigate the impacts of procurement strategies on the growing proportion of construction small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and whether the size of the construction company moderates the effect. Design/methodology/approach This study adopted a quantitative research approach and a cross-sectional questionnaire survey in achieving its objectives. The survey requires the respondent to identify both the most successful and most outstanding project that the respondent was involved in between 2010 and 2016. Findings The study found that only traditional and management-oriented procurement strategies ensure the achievement of all growth plans for construction SMEs in South Africa; and that medium-sized construction enterprises achieve social growth such as community empowerment, managerial skills and advancement on the cidb Register of Contractors. Practical implications The findings of the study imply that policymakers should base their decisions regarding macroeconomic issues and growth plans for construction SMEs on the internal and external factors such as differences in the sizes of construction SMEs and differences in the suitability of procurement strategies affecting the growth of construction SMEs. Originality/value In past studies, the diversity amongst SMEs is often overlooked and SMEs are erroneously assumed to share similar objectives, possess equal capabilities and face challenges of the same magnitude. The original contribution of this study is shown in the investigation of the moderating effect of SMEs’ diversity (in terms of company size) on their growth proportion as influenced by procurement strategies.

Perceptions of product advantage, NPD and organisational performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Healy ◽  
Ann Ledwith ◽  
Michele O'Dwyer
Keyword(s):  
New Product Development ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
New Product ◽  
Product Performance ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Organisational Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Product Performance

Purpose – This paper aims to extend previous studies on new product development (NPD) performance by identifying the product advantage, new product performance and organisational performance indicators that are considered by small and medium-sized firms (SMEs) to be most relevant to their performance. Design/methodology/approach – A quantitative research approach was adopted, using a cross-sectional survey of a sample of 137 firms representing the industry sectors active within the Irish economy. The research instrument was based on existing recognised research measures. Findings – The results suggest that: large firms consider that their products derive advantage through product quality and cost, while SMEs are more concerned with satisfying customer needs; larger firms concentrate on market measures in measuring new product performance, while SMEs focus on customer acceptance measures; and in measuring organisational performance larger firms focus on market share and profitability, while SMEs concentrate on profitability and sales growth. Research limitations/implications – This study identifies the aspects of product advantage, new product performance and organisational performance on which firms concentrate, thereby increasing our ability to redirect their focus from what they consider to be important, to what will have an impact on their firm's performance. Originality/value – This study identifies the aspects of product advantage, new product performance and organisational performance on which firms concentrate, thereby increasing our ability to redirect their focus from what they consider to be important, to what will have an impact on their firm's performance.

scholarly journals The Investigation of Tramadol Dependence with No History of Substance Abuse: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Spontaneously Reported Cases in Guangzhou City, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoran Zhang ◽  
Zhimin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Physical Dependence ◽  
Abuse Potential ◽  
Opiate Withdrawal ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
History Of

The study was to survey and assess the drug dependence and abuse potential of tramadol with no history of substance abuse. Subjects of tramadol dependence with no prior history of substance abuse were surveyed by interview. Physical dependence of tramadol was assessed using 10 items opiate withdrawal scale (OWS), and psychological dependence was assessed by Addiction Research Center Inventory—Chinese Version (ARCI-CV). Twenty-three male subjects (the median age was23.4±4.1years) referred to the addiction unit in Medical Hospital of Guangzhou with tramadol abuse problems were included in this cross-sectional study. The control group included 87 heroin addicts, 60 methamphetamine (MA) abusers, and 50 healthy men. The scores of OWS of tramadol were 0.83–2.30; the mean scores of identifying euphoric effects–MBG, sedative effects–PCAG, and psychotomimetic effects–LSD of ARCI were8.96±3.08,6.52±3.25, and6.65±2.50, respectively,F= 4.927,P<0.001. Scores of MBG scale in tramadol did not differ from those in heroin and MA groups (P>0.05) but were higher than those in healthy men (P<0.05). Tramadol with no history of substance abuse has a clear risk of producing high abuse potential under the long-term infrequent abuse and the high doses.

Poststroke depression in elderly, a review

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 826-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Samakouri ◽  
S. Arseniou ◽  
F.-G. Keskeridou ◽  
M. Gymnopoulou ◽  
M. Livaditis
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Prior History ◽  
First Year ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
History Of ◽  
Death Wishes ◽  
Early Diagnose

IntroductionMood disturbances are often found in stroke patients and have a negative impact both on the recovery and the outcome of the stroke. Depression is the most common neuropsychiatric complication in the poststroke population, affecting nearly 30%–50% of patients within the first year. PSD implies a significant burden on both patients and their caregivers.Material and methodsUsing the search engines Pubmed and Scopus, 20 papers regarding the elderly dated from 2002–2010 were reviewed using the keywords depression, poststroke, recovery after stroke.ResultsThe core features of PSD include but are not limited to: persistent sadness, feelings of hopelessness, helplessness and worthlessness, guilt and sense of being a burden on the caregiver, lack of motivation, loss of interest, death wishes and suicidal ideation. Various cerebrovascular risk factors, including hypertension, atherosclerotic heart disease, hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus have been implicated as risks for depression in late life.Other predisposing factors are: prior history of depression or anxiety disorder, certain personality traits, baseline dementia but also, social isolation, living alone, physical functional impairments or a history of other psychiatric disorder.ConclusionDepression may impede recovery from stroke and impair outcome by affecting social functioning, motor abilities, cognitive functions and quality of life, thus it is important to early diagnose and prevent PSD.

scholarly journals Life Style Factors Associated with Premenstrual Syndrome among El-Minia University Students, Egypt

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amany Edward Seedhom ◽  
Eman Sameh Mohammed ◽  
Eman Mohammed Mahfouz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frequent Consumption ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

Aim. To determine the score and frequency of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) among female college students and to detect the possible risk factors of PMS. A trial of life style modification regarding prevention and control of PMS symptoms was carried out using counseling. Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 253 El-Minia University unmarried female students. A self-administered questionnaire inquiring about symptoms of PMS in the previous three months and risk factors possibly related to it was used. PMS score was calculated. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine which of several biopsychosocial and dietary factors influenced PMS. Life style modification counseling was done to prevent and control PMS. Results. The study revealed that 80.2% of the participants experienced various degrees of PMS symptoms which were significantly associated with a family history of PMS, physical inactivity, habitual excess consumption of coffee, BMI, frequent consumption of fast food, and smoking, but these factors explained only 52% of the variability in the logistic regression model. Conclusion. We recommend the introduction of a reproductive health component into school and college health education programs and encourage female adolescents and young adults to adopt a healthy behavior.

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