scholarly journals Evaluating the Antimicrobial Activity of Commercially Available Herbal Toothpastes on Microorganisms Associated with Diabetes Mellitus

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 924-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reena Kulshrestha ◽  
J Kranthi ◽  
P Krishna Rao ◽  
Feroz Jenner ◽  
V Abdul Jaleel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method

ABSTRACT Aim The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of commercially available herbal toothpastes against the different periodontopathogens. Materials and methods Six herbal toothpastes that were commonly commercially available were included in the study. Colgate herbal, Babool, Meswak, Neem active, Dabur red toothpastes were tested for the study whereas sterile normal saline was used as control. Antimicrobial efficacies of dentifrices were evaluated against Streptococcus mutans and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. The antimicrobial properties of dentifrices were tested by measuring the maximum zone of inhibition at 24 hours on the Mueller Hinton Agar media inoculated with microbial strain using disk diffusion method. Each dentifrice was tested at 100% concentration (full strength). Results The study showed that all dentifrices selected for the study were effective against the entire test organism but to varying degree. Neem active tooth paste gave a reading of 25.4 mm as the zone of inhibition which was highest amongst all of the test dentifrices. Colgate Herbal and Meswak dentifrices recorded a larger maximum zone of inhibition, measuring 23 and 22.6 mm respectively, compared to other toothpastes. All other dentifrices showed the zone of inhibition to be between 17 and 19 mm respectively. Conclusion The antibacterial properties of six dentifrices were studied in vitro and concluded that almost all of the dentifrices available commercially had antibacterial properties to some extent to benefit dental health or antiplaque action. How to cite this article Jenner F, Jaleel VA, Kulshrestha R, Maheswar G, Rao PK, Kranthi J. Evaluating the Antimicrobial Activity of Commercially Available Herbal Toothpastes on Microorganisms Associated with Diabetes Mellitus. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):924-929.

scholarly journals In vitro Synergistic Antimicrobial Activity of Romanian Propolis and Antibiotics against Escherichia coli Isolated from Bovine Mastitis

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela NICULAE ◽  
Laura STAN ◽  
Emoke PALL ◽  
Anamaria Ioana PAȘTIU ◽  
Iulia Maria BALACI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

The study was aimed to characterize the chemical composition and the antimicrobial activity of Romanian propolis ethanolic extracts (EEP) against antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant E. coli strains isolated from bovine mastitis. The preliminary antimicrobial screening was performed by a disk diffusion method, followed by determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) based on broth microdilution assay; further, the synergistic action of propolis with antimicrobial drugs was assessed by a disk diffusion method on agar containing subinhibitory concentrations of propolis. For the chemical characterisation of EEP, the flavonoids (flavones/flavonols, flavanones/dihydroflavonols) and total phenolics were evaluated by spectrophotometric methods. The phenolic compounds of these extracts were also determined using HPLC. The results indicated for Romanian propolis ethanolic extracts the typical poplar composition profile with flavonoids and phenolic acids as main biological active compounds, with chromatographic analysis data confirmed also spectrophotometrically. In addition, positively correlated with the chemical composition, a strong antimicrobial efficacy was exhibited towards E. coli strains, along with interesting synergistic interaction with antibiotics that can be further investigated to obtain propolis-based formulation with antibacterial properties. Subsequent in vitro and in vivo studies evaluating the safety and efficacy are intended to consider propolis in veterinary therapeutic protocols.

scholarly journals In vitro antimicrobial activity of douro wines against clinical Helicobacter Pylori Strains

Nova ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (37) ◽  
pp. 121-134
Author(s):  
Lidia Po Catalao Dionisio ◽  
Alejandro Manuel Labella ◽  
María Palma ◽  
Juan José Borrego
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Horse Blood ◽  
H Pylori

Aim. In vitro antimicrobial activities of seven wines (5 reds and 2 whites) from the Douro region (Iberian Peninsule) against eleven clinical strains of Helicobacter pylori were evaluated. Methods. The disk diffusion method, using Columbia Agar supplemented with horse blood (CAB), were used to determine the antimicrobial properties of some wine components against H. pylori strains. Potential interactions of antioxidants contained in the wines and two antimicrobials (amoxicillin and metronidazole) were studied by the disk diffusion method. Results. All the tested strains showed growth in CAB supplemented with 9% of the tested wines but none of them grew in media supplemented with 45% and 67.5% of wine. Similarly, all the tested strains grew in media with the concentration of proanthocyanidins present in the different types of the studied wines. The Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values of the wine antioxidant components tested (benzoic acid, catechin, quercetin, and resveratrol) indicate that resveratrol was the most powerful inhibitory substance against H. pylori. An effect of potentiation between amoxicillin and metronidazole and the antioxidants tested was also established. The interaction of amoxicillin and resveratrol or metronidazole and catechin increased the antimicrobial activity against H. pylori. Conclusions. The results obtained suggested a potential role of resveratrol as a chemopreventive agent for H. pylori infection.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Antibacterial Effects of Nanoparticle-Incorporated Orthodontic Primer: An In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 030157422098818
Author(s):  
Cheepurupalli Meher Vineesha ◽  
D Praveen Kumar Varma ◽  
P Arun Bhupathi ◽  
CV Padma Priya ◽  
M Anoosha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method

Aim and Objectives: To compare and evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of various nanoparticles incorporated in orthodontic primer with that of conventional antimicrobial agents at different concentrations on Streptococcus mutans ( S. mutans) strain. Materials and Methods: Transbond XT Primer was mixed with 2.5% and 5% benzalkonium chloride (BAC), 0.2% and 2.5% chlorhexidine, 1% and 3% titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles, 0.2% and 0.5% nanohydroxyapatite, and 0.2% and 0.5% silica-doped nanohydroxyapatite powders. Antibacterial activity against S. mutans for all the materials was evaluated by the disk diffusion method for periods of 48 (T1) and 72 (T2) hours. Results: There was a significant increase in the antimicrobial activity of the orthodontic primer modified by the addition of antibacterial agents. The highest zone of inhibition against S. mutans was observed for silica-doped nanohydroxyapatite of 0.5% (11.03 mm) among all the nanoparticles, which was similar to the conventional antibacterial agents used in our study. Conclusions: • Among all the groups, BAC at 5% concentration showed the highest antimicrobial activity, and the least activity was exhibited by 1% TiO2 nanoparticles. • Silica-doped nanohydroxyapatite at 0.5% expressed the greatest antibacterial activity among all the nanoparticles. • All the materials showed sustained antibacterial activity even after 72 hours.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil Obtained from the Seed and Oleo-Gum-Resin of Ferula assa-foetida Against Oral Pathogens

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Daneshkazemi ◽  
Hengameh Zandi ◽  
Abdolrahim Davari ◽  
Mahmood Vakili ◽  
Majid Emtiazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil obtained from oleo-gum-resin and seeds of Ferula assa-foetida. Materials and Methods: Ferula assa-foetida plants were collected from Tabas, Yazd Province, Iran, during summer 2017. Then, essential oils were obtained from its seeds and oleo-gum-resin using hydrodistillation. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) test was performed to determine the contents of the essential oils. Four different concentrations of each oil were prepared (2.5, 5, 10, and 20 μg/ml), and the antimicrobial activity of each dose against four oral bacteria (Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus salivarius, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus) was evaluated using the disk diffusion method. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis test in SPSS 17 software. Results: The GC-MS findings exhibited that the main compounds found in essential oils yielded from the seeds and oleo gum resin were (Z) -1-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide and (E) -1-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide. Ferula assa-foetida plant showed a significant antimicrobial effect (P<0.05). The essential oil from Ferula assa-foetida oleo-gum-resin had significantly stronger antibacterial properties compared to the essential oil from Ferula assa-foetida seeds (P<0.001). Both essential oils showed antibacterial properties similar to that of Chlorhexidine. The growth inhibition zone was significantly dependent on the essential oil concentration for all bacteria (P<0.05). Conclusion: Our study revealed that essential oils from seeds and oleo-gum-resin of Ferula assa-foetida have antimicrobial properties. More laboratory studies are required to reach a definitive conclusion.

scholarly journals An In Vitro Study on the Antimicrobial Properties of Essential Oil Modified Resin Composite against Oral Pathogens

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 4383
Author(s):  
Barbara Lapinska ◽  
Aleksandra Szram ◽  
Beata Zarzycka ◽  
Janina Grzegorczyk ◽  
Louis Hardan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oral Pathogens

Modifying the composition of dental restorative materials with antimicrobial agents might induce their antibacterial potential against cariogenic bacteria, e.g., S.mutans and L.acidophilus, as well as antifungal effect on C.albicans that are major oral pathogens. Essential oils (EOs) are widely known for antimicrobial activity and are successfully used in dental industry. The study aimed at evaluating antibacterial and antifungal activity of EOs and composite resin material (CR) modified with EO against oral pathogens. Ten EOs (i.e., anise, cinnamon, citronella, clove, geranium, lavender, limette, mint, rosemary thyme) were tested using agar diffusion method. Cinnamon and thyme EOs showed significantly highest antibacterial activity against S.mutans and L.acidophilus among all tested EOs. Anise and limette EOs showed no antibacterial activity against S.mutans. All tested EOs exhibited antifungal activity against C.albicans, whereas cinnamon EO showed significantly highest and limette EO significantly lowest activity. Next, 1, 2 or 5 µL of cinnamon EO was introduced into 2 g of CR and microbiologically tested. The modified CR showed higher antimicrobial activity in comparison to unmodified one. CR containing 2 µL of EO showed the best antimicrobial properties against S.mutans and C.albicans, while CR modified with 1 µL of EO showed the best antimicrobial properties against L.acidophilus.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Antimicrobial Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Tecoma stans and Abutilon indicum Leaves: An In vitro Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 609-615
Author(s):  
M. Binigha ◽  
R. Gayatri Devi ◽  
J. Selavaraj ◽  
A. Jothi Priya
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
The Family ◽  
Abutilon Indicum

Tecoma stans is a flowering plant belonging to the family Bignoniaceae. It is the floral emblem of the Bahamas. Abutilon indicum belongs to the family Malvaceae. It is also called Indian Mallow. Tecoma stans and Abutilon indicumhave antimicrobial activity and can be used in producing antibiotics. There is an urgent need to produce new antibiotics as there is an increase in the development of pathogen resistant drugs. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Tecoma stansand Abutilonindicum leaves. E.faecalis bacteria were maintained in nutrient agar slopes. The powder of the two herbs, were subjected to extraction by Soxhlet extractor and was concentrated to dry residue by Agar well diffusion method. The nutrient broth was inoculated with bacterial strains. The culture was adjusted to 0.5McFarland turbidity standard. Lawn culture was done in Muller-Hinton agar plate and then the plates were dried. A 6 mm diameter well is bored for different concentrations. The extracts were introduced into the well and allowed to stand for 24 hrs. The antibacterial activity was determined by measuring the zone of inhibition. The present finding on the antimicrobial potential of Abutilon indicum and Tecoma stands showed that the two plants have growth inhibitory activity against oral pathogen E. faecalis. Abutilon indicum has a zone of inhibition greater than Tecoma stans. Abutilon indicum exhibited better activity compared to Tecoma stans.

IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CYNODON DACTYLON (L.) PERS. LEAF EXTRACTS. ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY BY ZONE OF INHIBITION ESTIMATION

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (04) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
S. M Pawaskar ◽  
◽  
K. C. Sasangan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity

The present study was undertaken to evaluate in vitro antimicrobial activity of the successive leaf extracts of Cynodon dactylon in petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol, methanol and water, against various gram positive & gram negative bacterial strains using zone of inhibition. Both Agar well diffusion method & Agar disc diffusion method were used to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy. The microorganisms used in the test were – Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi A, Salmonella paratyphi B, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Vibrio cholerac and Enterobacter aerogenes. Two fungal strains - Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were also tested to evaluate the antifungal potential of the said plant extract. The reference antibiotics chloramphenicol & ampicillin (antibacterial); nystatin & clotrimazole and (antifungal) were also tested against these standard microorganisms used in the assay and the results were compared with that of the plant extracts.The results of the study revealed that all the seven successive extracts of the leaf powder of Cynodon dactylon ( L.) Pers. exhibited prominent antimicrobial and antifungal activity against all microorganisms used in the study. The nonpolar extracts i.e. petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and acetone showed the most significant antibacterial and antifungal activity against all tested organisms. The petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts showing maximum inhibition in the range of 8 mm - 15 mm. This was closely followed by, acetone extract, which showed the inhibition in the range of 9 mm - 13 mm.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Cultivable Endophytic and Rhizosphere Fungi Associated with “Mile-a-Minute,” Mikania cordata (Asteraceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavithra L. Jayatilake ◽  
Helani Munasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Rhizosphere Fungi

Endophytic and rhizosphere fungi are understood to be aiding the host plant to overcome a range of biotic and abiotic stresses (nutrition depletion, droughts, etc.) hence, they remain to be reservoirs of plethora of natural products with immense use. Consequently, this investigation of endophytic and rhizosphere fungi isolated from Mikania cordata (a perennial vine that is well established in Sri Lanka) for their antimicrobial properties was performed with the aim of future derivation of potential beneficial pharmaceutical products. Leaves, twigs, and roots of M. cordata were utilized to isolate a total of 9 endophytic fungi out of which the highest amount (44%) accounted was from the twigs. A sample of the immediate layer of soil adhering to the root of M. cordata was utilized to isolate 15 rhizosphere fungi. Fusarium equiseti and Phoma medicaginis were endophytes that were identified based on colony and molecular characteristics. The broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity depicted by F. equiseti (MK517551) was found to be significantly greater (p≤0.05, inhibitory against Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 25853) than P. medicaginis (MK517550) (inhibitory against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 25853) as assessed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Trichoderma virens and Trichoderma asperellum were rhizospere fungi that exhibited remarkable antimicrobial properties against the test pathogens chosen for the study. T. asperellum indicated significantly greater bioactivity against all four bacterial pathogens and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 under study. The ranges of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the fungi depicting antimicrobial properties were determined. The results obtained suggest that F. equiseti, P. medicaginis, T. asperellum, and T. virens of M. cordata harness bioprospective values as natural drug candidates. This is the first report on isolation and evaluation of the antimicrobial properties of endophytic and rhizosphere fungi of Mikania cordata.

scholarly journals In Vitro Efficacy of Essential Oils from Melaleuca Alternifolia and Rosmarinus Officinalis, Manuka Honey-based Gel, and Propolis as Antibacterial Agents Against Canine Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius Strains

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Gabriele Meroni ◽  
Elena Cardin ◽  
Charlotte Rendina ◽  
Valentina Rafaela Herrera Millar ◽  
Joel Fernando Soares Filipe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius ◽  
Tea Tree

Essential oils (EOs) and honeybee products (e.g., honey and propolis) are natural mixtures of different volatile compounds that are frequently used in traditional medicine and for pathogen eradication. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial properties of tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) EO (TTEO), Rosmarinus officinalis EO (ROEO), manuka-based gel, and propolis against 23 strains of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (SP) isolated from canine pyoderma. Antimicrobial resistance screening was assessed using a panel of nine antimicrobial agents coupled with a PCR approach. An aromatogram was done for both EOs, using the disk diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for all the compounds. Among the 23 SP strains, 14 (60.9%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR), 11 strains (47.8%) were methicillin-resistant (MRSP), and 9 (39.1%) were non-MDR. The mean diameter of the inhibition zone for Melaleuca and Rosmarinus were 24.5 ± 8.8 mm and 15.2 ± 8.9 mm, respectively, resulting as statistically different (p = 0.0006). MIC values of TTEO and ROEO were similar (7.6 ± 3.2% and 8.9 ± 2.1%, respectively) and no statistical significances were found. Honeybee products showed lower MIC compared to those of EOs, 0.22 ± 0.1% for Manuka and 0.8 ± 0.5% for propolis. These findings reveal a significant antibacterial effect for all the tested products.

Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Combined Plant Extract of Pyracantha crenulata and Zanthoxylum armatum

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (29) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Semwal Amit Negi Sweta
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Zanthoxylum Armatum ◽  
Plant Extraction

Abstract-Medicinal plants represent an essential source of drugs and have played an important role in healthcaresystem.PyracanthacrenulataandZanthoxylum armatumhave been used as traditional medicine. The main aim of the study was to find the antibacterial activity of the selected plants against bacterialspecies:E.coliandPseudomonasaeruginosa. The solvents used for plant extraction were hexane, chloroform, ethanol and aqueous. The in vitro antimicrobial activity was performed by Agar disk diffusion method. The hexane and aqueous extracts showed moderate activity whereas theethanolicextractsshowedasignificantantibacterial activity. In the study Tetracycline was used as standard. The combined ethanolic extract of both the selected plant showed the synergistic effect on the bacterial strain tested. This leads to the conclusion that the combined effect can have possible application in the development of products as antimicrobial.

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