scholarly journals Phytochemical & Pharmacological Investigation of Stems of Passiflora foetida

2021 ◽  
pp. 408-414
Author(s):  
N. Michael Antony ◽  
Jennifer Fernandes ◽  
Jane Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Passiflora Foetida

Aims: To carry out extraction, preliminary phytochemical analysis and invivo analgesic screening of extract of the stem of Passiflora foetida L. Methodology: Passiflora foetida L; Family: Passifloraceae, is an exotic fast-growing perennial and medicinal vine occurring in Germany, France and other European countries and USA and grown in different parts of India. Dried stems of Passiflora foetida L was coarsely powdered and maceration was done using Soxhlet apparatus. The ethanolic extract of stems of Passiflora foetida L was subjected to preliminary phytochemical tests. Then subjected to in vivo analgesic activity. Results: Phytochemical investigation of the stem of Passiflora foetida L preliminary test showed the presence of carbohydrates, glycosides, flavonoids and steroids. Acute toxicity study of ethanolic extract of stems of Passiflora foetida L was carried out and extracts were found to be safe up to 2000 mg/kg body weight. Pharmacological activities of stems of Passiflora foetida L was carried out from ethanolic extract. Conclusion: Phytochemical investigation of ethanolic extract of stems were carried out and Analgesic activity by tail flick method in rats and acetic acid induced writhing method in mice, showed statistically significant activity (P=.05) when compared to control. The ethanolic stem extract of Passiflora foetida L proved to have significant pain relieving action in a dose dependent manner.

scholarly journals Evaluation of anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory activities of Martynia annua L. Ethanolic extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suruj Kaushik ◽  
Parag Jain ◽  
Trilochan Satapathy ◽  
Prerna Purabiya ◽  
Amit Roy
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background Arthritis is a disorder of change in joint architecture and ligament degeneration. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder in which body’s immune system targets own cells and degrade them. Martynia annua L. has been used in Indian traditional therapies for the treatment of epilepsy, many types of inflammations, respiratory infection, sore throat and wound. The objective of the present study was to determine anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities of M. annua ethanolic fruit extract. Methods The extraction was performed using ethanol as a solvent followed by phytochemical investigation of M. annua ethanolic fruit extract. Antioxidant and anti-hyaluronidase enzyme inhibition activities was performed for the fruit extract. In vivo anti-inflammatory of fruit extract was performed on Calotropis procera latex (CPL) induced paw edema in rats using ibuprofen as standard. Inflammation was observed at 0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 h. In vivo anti-arthritic of fruit extract was performed on Complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis in rats. Arthritis was observed at 0, 7, 14 and 21 day. X-Ray study was also performed for inflammatory and arthritic paw of rats. Results The qualitative phytochemical screening of fruit extract showed presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, glycosides, proteins, carbohydrates, amino acids and polysaccharides. The antioxidant activity of fruit extract was 49.1 as compared to standard 45.73 at 100 μl dose. The anti-hyaluronidase enzyme inhibition activity of fruit extract was 84.60 as compared to standard 94.21 at 100 μl dose. Conclusion It is evident from the study that Martynia annua L. extract possess both antioxidant and hyalurinodase inhibition activity at dose dependent manner as well as anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory potential.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF MURRAYA KOENIGII AND CORIANDRUM SATIVUM LEAVES EXTRACT IN ANIMAL MODEL.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 328
Author(s):  
Kartik Salwe J ◽  
Mirunalini R ◽  
Jervin Mano ◽  
Manimekalai K
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Murraya Koenigii ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus

 Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the analgesic activity of hydroalcoholic extract of Murraya koenigii and Coriandrum sativum leaves and compared it with standard drug in an animal model.Methods: Hydroalcoholic extracts of M. koenigii and C. sativum leaves were obtained using Soxhlet apparatus. The central analgesic property was screened by hot plate method in mice and tail flick method in rats. The pain reaction time (PRT) was measured at 30, 60, and 120 min. The peripheral analgesic activity was evaluated by acetic acid induced writhing in mice.Results: In hot plate method M. koenigii leaves extract at both doses and tramadol showed significant increase in PRT at 30, 60, and 120 min compared with control group. C. sativum leaves extract showed significant increase in PRT only at 60 and 120 min compared to control group. In tail flick method M. koenigii leaves extract at both doses, higher dose of C. sativum leaves extract and tramadol showed significant increase in PRT at 30, 60, and 120 min compared with control group. Higher dose of M. koenigii leaves extract (200 mg/kg) was comparable with standard drug tramadol in both the methods. M. koenigii leaves extract at both dose showed significant reduction in the number of writhing but C. sativum leaves extract failed to show any significant reduction in the number of writhing compared with control. Higher dose of M. koenigii leaves extract was comparable with standard drug tramadol.Conclusion: M. koenigii leaves extract showed both peripheral and central analgesic effect while C. sativum leaves extract showed only peripheral analgesic effect.

Phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extract of leaves of Caesalpinia bonducella

2021 ◽  
pp. 5891-5894
Author(s):  
Ezhilarasan P. ◽  
Sivakrishnan S. ◽  
S.Vigil Anbiah
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Abdominal Distension ◽  
Tree Bark ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Coarse Powder ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Caesalpinia Bonducella

Bioactive chemicals of plant source are phytochemicals (secondary metabolites). They are synthesized naturally in all segments of the plant. Caesalpinia bonducella used for psoriasis care by traditional Siddha physicians in the Malabar regions and is also used in Pakistan's traditional medicine scheme. Tree bark has been identified as a purgative and is recommended for the treatment of disorders of the kapha and vata, gynaecological disorders, skin infections, bowel problems, abdominal distension, piles, ulcers. This study is concerned with the phytoconstituents assessment of the ethanolic extract of Caesalpinia bonducella (EECB) leaves. Method: Using Soxhlet apparatus, coarse powder of Caesalpinia bonducella leaves was extracted with ethanol by hot percolation. For 24 hours, the extraction has been worked out. The solvent was extracted out for acquiring a concentrated extract following extraction. The condensed extract was then vacuum dried and the dry extract was processed for specific bioactive compounds investigation in an air tight container. The existence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, proteins & amino acids, hormones, phenols, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides and saponins was revealed in EECB.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Identification, Acute, and Sub-Acute Oral Toxicity Studies of the Foliar Extract of Withania frutescens

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (19) ◽  
pp. 4528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelfattah EL Moussaoui ◽  
Mohammed Bourhia ◽  
Fatima Zahra Jawhari ◽  
Hamza Mechchate ◽  
Meryem Slighoua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Repeated Doses

Withania frutescens (W. frutescens) is a medicinal plant widely used to treat several diseases. This work aims to study phytochemical composition as well as acute and subacute toxicity of W. frutescens hydroethanolic extract in mice. The phytochemical composition of W. frutescens extract was performed using gas chromatographic analysis. Acute toxicity was studied in vivo with oral administration of single doses 400 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, and 2000 mg/kg for 14 days. Subacute toxicity was studied with the administration of repeated doses of 400 mg/kg/day and 2000 mg/kg/day for 28 days. Phytochemical analysis of W. frutescens hydro-ethanolic extract confirmed the presence of interesting chemical compounds. Acute toxicity results showed no toxic symptoms in mice treated with an increasing dose up to a maximum of 2000 mg/kg. Alongside acute toxicity, subacute data showed no clinical symptoms nor biochemical or histological alteration in mice treated with an increasing dose up to a maximum of 2000 mg/kg compared to the control group (p < 0.05). This study shows no toxic effects in animals treated with W. frutescens extract, and, therefore, this plant can be considered safe in animals up to 2000 mg/kg under both acute and subacute toxicity conditions.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF PHARMACOGNOSTICAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL, AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF AERIAL ROOTS OF FICUS BENGHALENSIS LINN

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Kamalika Mazumder ◽  
Himangshu S Maji ◽  
Nripendra N Bala
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Ficus Benghalensis ◽  
Aerial Roots

Objective: Ficus benghalensis Linn. (Moraceae family) is commonly known as banyan tree in English, which is used traditionally in India. The literature survey showed that the aerial roots of this plant are yet to be explored. Our main interest is to evaluate its pharmacognostic and phytochemical character by the standard monograph and to explore its in vitro antioxidant and in vivo analgesic activity study with ethyl acetate extract.Methods: Pharmacognostic evaluation and phytochemical screening have been done using standard monograph. An in vitro antioxidant activity using ethyl acetate extract has been done using four different methods. In vivo analgesic activity of the ethyl acetate extract has been evaluated by acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice and tail flick method.Results: Aerial roots of F. benghalensis have been found the rich source of steroidal glycosides, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, tri-terpenoids, and phenols. The presence of phellem, phellogen, xylem, and phloem has been found after microscopic investigation. All the pharmacognostic parameters proved its purity. Results showed the absence of heavy metals. The ethyl acetate extract has shown potent antioxidant activity at 100 μg/ml concentration and higher analgesic activity at the concentration of 400 mg/kg than 200 mg/kg.Conclusion: Pharmacognostic characteristics and phytochemical properties revealed in this study could be used for the pharmacopoeial standard. Ethyl acetate extract showed potent antioxidant and analgesic activity.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Analgesic Activity ofPapaver libanoticumExtract in Mice: Involvement of Opioids Receptors

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Ali Hijazi ◽  
Ahmed El-Mallah ◽  
Maha Aboul-Ela ◽  
Abdalla Ellakany
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Receptors ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome

Papaver libanoticumis an endemic plant to Lebanese region (family Papaveraceae) that has not been investigated before. The present study aimed to explore the analgesic activity of dried ethanolic extract ofPapaver libanoticum(PLE) using tail flick, hot plate, and acetic acid induced writhing models in mice. The involvement of opioid receptors in the analgesic mechanism was investigated using naloxone antagonism. Results demonstrated that PLE exhibited a potent dose dependent analgesic activity in all tested models for analgesia. The analgesic effect involved activation of opioid receptors in the central nervous system, where both spinal and supraspinal components might be involved. The time course for analgesia revealed maximum activity after three hours in both tail flick and hot plate methods, which was prolonged to 24 hours. Metabolites of PLE could be responsible for activation of opioid receptors. The EC50 of PLE was 79 and 50 mg/kg in tail flick and hot plate tests, respectively. The total coverage of analgesia by PLE was double that of morphine in both tests. In conclusion, PLE proved to have opioid agonistic activity with a novel feature of slow and prolonged effect. The present study could add a potential tool in the armaments of opioid drugs as a natural potent analgesic and for treatment of opioid withdrawal syndrome.

NVP-LAQ824 is a potent novel histone deacetylase inhibitor with significant activity against multiple myeloma

Blood ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 102 (7) ◽  
pp. 2615-2622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Catley ◽  
Ellen Weisberg ◽  
Yu-Tzu Tai ◽  
Peter Atadja ◽  
Stacy Remiszewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Histone Deacetylase ◽  
Hdac Inhibitors ◽  
Myeloma Cell ◽  
Parp Cleavage ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner

Abstract Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are emerging as a promising new treatment strategy in hematologic malignancies. Here we show that NVP-LAQ824, a novel hydroxamic acid derivative, induces apoptosis at physiologically achievable concentrations (median inhibitory concentration [IC50] of 100 nM at 24 hours) in multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines resistant to conventional therapies. MM.1S myeloma cell proliferation was also inhibited when cocultured with bone marrow stromal cells, demonstrating ability to overcome the stimulatory effects of the bone marrow microenvironment. Importantly, NVP-LAQ824 also inhibited patient MM cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner. NVP-LAQ824-induced apoptotic signaling includes up-regulation of p21, caspase cascade activation, and poly (adenosine diphosphate [ADP]) ribose (PARP) cleavage. Apoptosis was confirmed with cell cycle analysis and annexin-propidium iodide staining. Interestingly, treatment of MM cells with NVPLAQ824 also led to proteasome inhibition, as determined by reduced proteasome chymotrypsin-like activity and increased levels of cellular polyubiquitin conjugates. Finally, a study using NVP-LAQ824 in a preclinical murine myeloma model provides in vivo relevance to our in vitro studies. Taken together, these findings provide the framework for NVP-LAQ824 as a novel therapeutic in MM. (Blood. 2003;102:2615-2622)

scholarly journals Antileishmanial Effect of 5,3′-Hydroxy-7,4′-dimethoxyflavanone ofPicramnia gracilisTul. (Picramniaceae) Fruit:In VitroandIn VivoStudies

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara M. Robledo ◽  
Wilson Cardona ◽  
Karen Ligardo ◽  
Jéssica Henao ◽  
Natalia Arbeláez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Leishmanicidal Activity ◽  
Antileishmanial Drug ◽  
Low Toxicity

Species ofPicramniagenus are used in folk medicine to treat or prevent skin disorders, but only few species have been studied for biological activity and chemical composition.P. gracilisTul. is a native species from Central and South America and although its fruits are edible, phytochemical analysis or medicinal uses of this species are not known. In the search of candidates to antileishmanial drugs, this work aimed to evaluate the antileishmanial activity ofP. gracilisTul. inin vitroandin vivostudies. Only ethanolic extract of fruits showed leishmanicidal activity. The majoritarian metabolite was5,3′-hydroxy-7,4′-dimethoxyflavanoneether that exhibited high activity againstL. (V.) panamensis(EC5017.0 + 2.8 mg/mL, 53.7 μM) and low toxicity on mammalian U-937 cells, with an index of selectivity >11.8.In vivostudies showed that the flavanone administered in solution (2 mg/kg/day) or cream (2%) induces clinical improvement and no toxicity in hamsters with CL. In conclusion, this is the first report about isolation of5,3′-hydroxy-7,4′-dimethoxyflavanoneofP. gracilisTul. The leishmanicidal activity attributed to this flavanone is also reported for the first time. Finally, thein vitroandin vivoleishmanicidal activity reported here for5,3′-hydroxy-7,4′-dimethoxyflavanoneoffers a greater prospect towards antileishmanial drug discovery and development.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo antioxidant potentials of the methanolic crude extract from Inula glomerata Oliv. & Hiern (Asteraceae) and Salacia kraussii (Harv.) Harv (Celastraceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-426
Author(s):  
Michael C Ojo ◽  
◽  
Foluso O Osunsanmi ◽  
Nkosinathi D Cele ◽  
Godfrey E Zharare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Crude Extracts

Reactive oxygen species are implicated in multiple pathological conditions including erectile dysfunction. This study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant potential of the methanolic extracts of Inula glomerata and Salacia kraussii. The plant materials were pulverized and extracted with methanol. The phytochemical analysis, ability of the crude extracts to scavenge free radicals (ABTS, DPPH, NO.) in vitro as well as the total phenolic and flavonoid contents was investigated. In vivo, antioxidant potentials of the crude extracts (50/250 mg/kg body weight) were determined in an erectile dysfunction rat model. The phytochemical analysis revealed that both plants contain flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and alkaloids. The crude extracts at varying degree of efficiency, scavenged ABTS and DPPH radicals. The crude extracts at low concentrations (50 mg/kg b.w) significantly (p<0.05) diminished the level of malondialdehyde, augmented catalase activities and elevated glutathione levels. However, SOD activities were significantly boosted in a dose-dependent manner by the crude extracts. Therefore, I. glomerata and S. kraussii possess antioxidant properties, hence, can serve as a therapeutic modality in the treatment of oxidative stress-induced erectile dysfunction.

scholarly journals Proangiogenic Effect of Affinin and an Ethanolic Extract from Heliopsis longipes Roots: Ex Vivo and In Vivo Evidence

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (24) ◽  
pp. 7670
Author(s):  
Paola Estefanía García-Badillo ◽  
Anaguiven Avalos-Soriano ◽  
Josué López-Martínez ◽  
Teresa García-Gasca ◽  
Jesús Eduardo Castro-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Aortic Ring ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Vascular Growth ◽  
Angiogenesis Assay ◽  
Angiogenesis Process

Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, underlies tissue development and repair. Some medicinal plant-derived compounds can modulate the angiogenic response. Heliopsis longipes, a Mexican medicinal plant, is widely used because of its effects on pain and inflammation. The main bioactive phytochemicals from H. longipes roots are alkamides, where affinin is the most abundant. Scientific studies show various medical effects of organic extracts of H. longipes roots and affinin that share some molecular pathways with the angiogenesis process, with the vasodilation mechanism of action being the most recent. This study investigates whether pure affinin and the ethanolic extract from Heliopsis longipes roots (HLEE) promote angiogenesis. Using the aortic ring rat assay (ex vivo method) and the direct in vivo angiogenesis assay, where angioreactors were implanted in CD1 female mice, showed that affinin and the HLEE increased vascular growth in a dose-dependent manner in both bioassays. This is the first study showing the proangiogenic effect of H. longipes. Further studies should focus on the mechanism of action and its possible therapeutic use in diseases characterized by insufficient angiogenesis.

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