scholarly journals Knowledge, and Awareness of Covid Vaccines among Senior Citizens in Chennai

2021 ◽  
pp. 154-162
Author(s):  
E. Ilammaran Varshan ◽  
Preetha S ◽  
G. Sridevi ◽  
Lavanya Prathap
Keyword(s):  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Spss Software

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by SARS-CoV-2. It first originated from Wuhan, China. It has caused many effects on each and every part of people all over the world. So many pharmaceutical companies have tried to find vaccines against. India found one of its kinds, named Covaxin and Covishield. The awareness of vaccines is needed to people of all age groups. This study is aimed to create awareness and knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines among senior citizens. Materials and Methods: Online based, cross-sectional survey was conducted for a period of one week among 136 senior citizens aged between 55-100 years. The survey questions were created using Google forms and sent via whatsapp and email to their family members to translate them. The survey consists of 13 questions in which two were demographic details and the rest were questionnaires. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. Chi-square test was done to analyze the correlations p value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: 136 senior citizens responded to the survey. The majority of the populations were females (62.5%) within the age group 60-70 years in Chennai. Out of 136, 91.8% were aware of covid pandemic, 81.6% were aware covid vaccine, 74.2% think vaccine is necessary for corona, 69.1% weren’t aware of types of vaccine available for coronavirus in India, 73.5% answered it’s an important tool to stop pandemic and 66.1% were willing to get vaccinated. 60-80 showed better awareness about the benefits of vaccines when compared to other age groups (p value 0.028) Conclusion: The survey showed the senior citizens of Chennai were more aware (81.6%) about Covid vaccine and Covid-pandemic. Females (62.5%) had better awareness when compared to males (37.5%).

scholarly journals Comparison on Awareness of Radiation Hazards among Females of Different Age Group

2021 ◽  
pp. 174-185
Author(s):  
A. Aldrin Joshua ◽  
R. Priyadharshini ◽  
Palati Sinduja
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Radiation Hazards ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Spss Software

Background: Radiation is a source of energy which travels through materials. The ionising radiation produce free radicals from an atom with the electron removal. X-ray is the most common ionizing radiation helping in diagnosis. There is an increase in the use of radiation in diagnosis, procedural along with surgical treatment where radiologists and the patients should be aware of the radiation hazards and its ill effects. The aim of our study is to analyse the radiation hazards awareness among females of various age groups. Materials and Methods: The study was done as an online setting; the responses were obtained from 103 female participants from the Chennai sub population. A self-structured questionnaire comprising about 18 yes or no types of questions were prepared in google forms and circulated as a link to the participants. The responses were exported to google sheets and data was retrieved and analysed in SPSS software version 26. The results were obtained from SPSS software. Results: From the results analysed, 74.76% have undergone X ray or any procedures but only few (25.24%) did not undergo any diagnostic procedures. 71.84% of them were aware that all radiation is hazardous whereas the rest (28.16%) were not aware. 88.35% of them accepted that bone marrow and child’s thyroid tissue are more sensitive to radiation but few (11.65%) did not accept it. 71.84% of the participants of females of age group 20-40 years were more aware than females of 40-60 years age group (16.50%) that bone marrow, the child's thyroid is the sensitive tissue affected by radiation. Chi square test was done and the association was found to be not statistically significant with P-value .236 (P = .05). Chi square test was done to check awareness of thyroid cancer caused mainly through radiations between the two age groups of females and the association was found to be not statistically significant with p-value is .703 (P = .05). Conclusion: Within the limits of the study, the females of age group 20-40 years have higher levels of awareness than females of age group 40-60 years.

scholarly journals Reliability of Duo Chrome Test in Different Age Groups Considering Patient Satisfaction as Gold Standard

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehwa Mazhar ◽  
Rabia Manzoor ◽  
Shazia Kanwal ◽  
Ghazala Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

Purpose:  To check the reliability of the duo-chrome test in different age groups after best correction. Study Design:  Descriptive, Cross Sectional Study. Place and Duration of Study:  College of Ophthalmology and Allied Vision Sciences. King Edward Medical University, Lahore from September 2019 – December 2019. Methods:  Forty two cooperative patients of both genders more than 15 years of age were included but patients with poor fixation, any opacity or any other ocular pathology were excluded. Equipment used was Trial box Trial frame Auto-refractor and Snellen Chart. Group 1 composed of 17 patients (15 – 35 years of age). Group 2 (36 – 60 years) had 15 patients and group 3 (age 61-80 years) comprised of 10 patients. Data was collected on self-designed Performa. Duo Chrome was dependent variable and gender was independent variable. Data was analyzed by using statistical package for social science (SPSS22.00) and chi square test was applied. Results:  Out 42, 21 patients reported red, 12 reported green and 9 patients reported equally clear in the right eye. P value=0.156 showed that duo chrome test was equally reliable in every age group in the right eye. Similar results with p = 0.755 showed that duo chrome test was equally reliable in every age group in the left eye. Test when performed bilaterally, showed similar results. Out of 42 patients, 32 were satisfied and 10 were not satisfied with the test. Conclusion: Red Green duo-chrome test is equally reliable in all age groups to confirm refraction. Key Words: Duo chrome test, Refraction, Myopia, Hypermetropia.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Awareness about Postpartum Distress among the Students of Saveetha Dental College

2021 ◽  
pp. 186-195
Author(s):  
Jessly Daniel ◽  
A. Jothi Priya ◽  
R. Gayatri Devi
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test

Introduction: Postpartum depression (PPD) is the most common psychiatric condition after childbirth. PD has adverse long-term consequences for the mother, the infant’s development and the family environment symptoms-the core symptom of sadness or low mood, as well as fatigue/sleep disturbance and irritability. The aim of the study is to determine the Knowledge and awareness about postpartum distress among the students of saveetha dental college. Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the study population with a sample size of 100. A self administered structured questionnaire was prepared and consisted of 15 questions. It was circulated to participants through an online platform (google form). The statistics were done using SPSS software, chi-square test was used to check the association and P value of 0.05 was said to be statistically significant.The pros of the survey is that the students of different lifestyles and cultures were surveyed . Children and adults were excluded from the survey.  Simple random sampling method was the sampling method used to minimise the sampling bias. Results: Women during postpartum go through a lot of hormonal changes which lead to mood swings etc.They become very self conscious about their body .Mothers can also be depressed due to financial trouble, lactation etc.  Chi square test: p-value=2.98>  0.05 hence significant. Conclusion: In summary, this study demonstrated an honest level of data and positive attitudes towards women with postpartum depression. However, negative beliefs, stigma, and misconceptions still prevailed among the relations.

scholarly journals FREQUENCY, DISTRIBUTION AND DETERMINANTS OF HYPERTENSION IN ADULT STROKE POPULATION OF D.I.KHAN DIVISION, PAKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazafatul Ain ◽  
Saira Khan ◽  
Muhammad Marwat ◽  
Nisar Khan ◽  
Iftikhar Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Stroke Population ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Global Health Estimates 2015 has shown the stroke as second leading global cause of death and 3rd leading global cause for DALYs for year 2015. The objectives of this study were to determine the frequency, distribution and determinants of hypertension in adult stroke population of D.I.Khan Division, Pakistan. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Community Medicine, Gomal Medical College, D.I.Khan, Pakistan from February 1, 2017 to April 30, 2017. A sample 217 was selected with margin of error 5.59%, 90%CL and 50% prevalence of hypertension in 200,000 adults at risk of stroke population through consecutive sampling. All indoor adult patients of stroke were eligible. Sex, age groups, and residence and presence of hypertension were variables. Frequency and distribution of hypertension were analyzed by count and percentage. Hypotheses for distribution were substantiated by chi-square goodness-of-fit and of association by chi-square test of association. Results: Out of 217 patients with stroke, 123 (56.7%) were men and 94 (43.3%) were women, 86 (39.6%) were≤60 years and 131 (60.4%) were>60 years, and 105 (48.4%) were urban and 112 (51.6%) were rural. Frequency of hypertension was 132/217 (60.83%). Out of 132 patients with hypertension, men were 74 (34.10%), women 58 (26.73%), age group≤60 years 46 (21.20%), >60 years 86 (39.63%), urban 72 (33.18%) and rural 60 (27.65%). Presence of hypertension was associated to residence (p=.023) but not to sex (p=.817) and age groups (p=.072). Conclusion: Frequency of hypertension in adult stroke population of D.I.Khan Division, Pakistan was found to be similar as expected. Frequency was more in men, in older age group (of>60years) and in urban population. The presence of hypertension in adult stroke population of D.I.Khan Division was associated to residence but not to sex and age groups.

scholarly journals FREQUENCY, DISTRIBUTION AND DETERMINANTS OF DIABETES MELLITUS IN ADULT ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME POPULATION OF D.I.KHAN DIVISION, PAKISTAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 131-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Marwat ◽  
Iftikhar Ahmad ◽  
Fariha Ashiq ◽  
Sania Ali ◽  
Sher Zamir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Global Health Estimates 2015 has shown IHD as second leading global cause of death and 3rd leading global cause for DALYs for 2015. The objectives of this study were to determine frequency, distribution and determinants of DM in adult acute coronary syndrome (ACS) population of D.I.Khan Division, Pakistan. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Departments of Ophthalmology & Community Medicine, Gomal Medical College, D.I.Khan, from February 1, 2017 to April 30, 2017. 331 cases were selected with margin of error 4.511%, 90%CL and 25% prevalence of DM in 73,438 adults assumed to have IHD. All indoor adult patients of ACS were eligible. Sex, age groups, and residence and presence of DM were variables. Frequency and distribution were analyzed by count and percentage. Hypotheses for distribution were substantiated by chi-square goodness-of-fit and of association by chi-square test of association. Results: Out of 331 patients with ACS, 225 (68.0%) were men and 106 (32.0%) women, 221 (66.8%) ≤60 years and 110 (33.2%) >60 years, and 210 (63.4%) urban and 121 (35.6%) rural. Frequency of DM was 79/331 (23.87%). Out of 79 patients with DM, men were 44 (13.29%), women 35 (10.57%), age group ≤60 years 57 (17.22%), >60 years 22 (6.65%), urban 53 (16.01%) and rural 60 (7.85%). Our prevalence of DM was lower than expected (p=.00214), our distribution by sex was similar to expected (p=.4993) while our distribution for age groups (p=.01209) and residence (p=.00005) were not similar to expected. Presence of DM was associated to sex (p=.011) but not to age groups (p=.0304) and residence (p=.5241). Conclusion: Prevalence of DM in adult ACS population of D.I.Khan Division, Pakistan was found lower than expected. The prevalence was more in men than women, more in younger age group (≤60 years) than older age group (>60 years) and more in urban than rural population. Our prevalence of DM was lower than expected, our distribution by sex was similar to expected while our distribution for age groups and residence were not similar to expected. The presence of DM was associated to sex but not to age groups and residence.

scholarly journals Oral hygiene practices and knowledge among children of age 10-13 years in a private school in Chennai, South India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 4093
Author(s):  
Aravind Sunderavel Kumaravel Kanagavelu ◽  
Arun Chandran ◽  
Jaya Brinda
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Private School ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Floss ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Oral health is an important and proven determinant of overall health and quality of life. It is well established that oral health and non-communicable diseases share common risk factors. Our study was designed to assess the practice and knowledge of oral health among 10-13 years old because at this age, lifelong beliefs and essential skills are developed.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done by randomly selecting students from V to VIII standards in a private school. Data was collected using a pre-designed questionnaire. The results were analysed using ‘Jamovi’ software with 'Pearson Chi-square test’ and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Out of the 210 students, only around 1/3rd of the students used both brush with toothpaste, and dental floss to clean their teeth. 123 (58.6%) students brushed twice a day. The association between the frequency of brushing and the age groups was statistically significant. Gender played a role in the duration of brushing.Conclusions: It can be noted from our study that the oral practices and knowledge was better in 10-11 years olds than the 12-13-year olds and better in girls than in boys. Thus, oral education must be tailor made based on the calibre of a particular group instead of ‘one for all’ method.

scholarly journals Hubungan Kebiasaan Cuci Tangan, Mengelola Air Minum dan Makanan dengan Stunting di Sulawesi Tengah

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Dedi Mahyudin Syam ◽  
Herlina S Sunuh
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Central Sulawesi ◽  
Handwashing With Soap

Environmental factors, birth weight and food intake can influence the incidence of stunting. The prevalence of stunting in toddlers in Central Sulawesi Province in 2015 was very short by 11.4% and short by 23.9%. 2-16 very short categories by 10.2% and short categories by 21.8%. 2017 the very short category was 14.0% and the short category was 22.1%. The purpose of this research was to know handwashing with soap, treating drinking water and food related to stunting in Central Sulawesi. The type of research was analytic with the approach of cross sectional survey with a sample 289 people in 4 (four) Regency Areas (Banggai, Donggala, Sigi and Palu). Data processing and analysis include univariate and bivariate were used chi square test. Results of 289 respondents carry out handwasing with soap 176 (60.9%), not carry out handwasing with soap activity 113 (39.1%), statistical test obtained p value = 0.000. Treating drinking water and food 270 (93.4%), not treating clean water and food only 19 (6.6%), stunting status 133 (46.0%), not stunting 155 (56.0%), statistical test obtained p value = 0.001. Conclusion There was a relationship between hand washing with soap, treating drinking water and food with stunting in Central Sulawesi.Faktor lingkungan, berat badan lahir dan asupan makanan dapat mempengaruhi kejadian stunting. Prevalensi stunting pada balita di Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah tahun 2015 kategori sangat pendek sebesar 11.4% dan pendek sebesar 23.9%. 2-16 kategori sangat pendek sebesar 10.2% dan kategori pendek sebesar 21,8%. 2017 kategori sangat pendek sebesar 14.0% dan kategori pendek sebesar 22.1%. Tujuan penelitian adalah diketahuinya cuci tangan pakai sabun (CTPS), mengelola air minum dan makanan berhubungan  dengan stunting di Sulawesi Tengah. Jenis penelitian adalah analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional survey dengan sampel berjumlah 289 orang di 4 (empat) daerah Kabupaten (Banggai, Donggala, Sigi dan Palu). Pengolahan dan analisis data meliputi univariat, Bivariat menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 289 responden melaksanakan CTPS 176 (60,.9%), tidak CTPS 113 (39,1%), Uji statistik diperoleh nilai p = 0,000. Sudah mengelola air minum dan makanan 270 (93,4%), tidak mengelola air bersih dan makanan 19 (6,6%), status gizi stunting 133 (46,0%), tidak stunting 155 (56,0%), uji statistik diperoleh nilai p = 0,001. Kesimpulan ada hubungan cuci tangan pakai sabun, pengelolaan air minum dan makanan dengan stunting di Sulawesi Tengah.  

scholarly journals Hubungan Penggunaan Hair Styling terhadap Kejadian Dermatitis Seboroik pada Mahasiswa Laki-laki di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi

e-CliniC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan V. D. Kalalo ◽  
Herry E. J. Pandeleke ◽  
Shienty Gaspersz
Keyword(s):  
Seborrheic Dermatitis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hair Styling

Abstract: Seborrheic dermatitis is a type of papulosquamous dermatitis with predilection in areas with many sebaceous glands, scalp, face, and body. This disease is associated with immunological disorders, but ieven more with Malassezia. Seborrheic dermatitis can occur in all age groups, but is usually separated into two age groups: infants and adults. Seborrheic dermatitis has many precipitating factors, especially high oil levels and humidity. One of the trigger factors is the use of hair styling which triggers the oil production on the surface of scalp as well as hair. The occurence of excessive oil on the scalp and hair long time can cause dandruff and irritation. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between hair styling and the incidence of seborrheic dermatitis in male students at Sam Ratulangi University in Manado. This was an analytical study with a cross sectional design. Data were obtained by using questionnaires and anamnesis. The results showed that of the 25 respondents, 9 students had dandruff and 16 students did not. The chi-square test analyzing the relationship between hair styling and the incidence of seborrhoic dermatitis obtained a P value of 0.332. Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between hair styling use and the incidence of seborrheic dermatitisKeywords: hair styling, seborrheic dermatitis, male college students Abstrak: Dermatitis seboroik adalah salah satu jenis dermatitis papuloskuamosa dengan predileksi di daerah yang banyak kelenjar sebasea, skalp, wajah dan badan. Penyakit ini sering dihubungkan dengan kelainan imunologi, namun lebih sering dihubungkan dengan jamur Malassezia. Dermatitis seboroik dapat terjadi pada semua kelompok usia, namun biasanya terpisah menjadi dua golongan usia yaitu bayi dan dewasa. Dermatitis seboroik memiliki banyak faktor pencetus, terutama kadar minyak yang tinggi dan kelembaban. Salah satu faktor pencetusnya ialah penggunaan hair styling berlebih yang memicu timbulnya minyak pada rambut. Munculnya minyak pada rambut yang terlampau lama dapat menimbulkan ketombe dan juga iritasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pemakaian hair styling dengan kejadian dermatitis seboroik pada mahasiswa laki-laki Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Data diperoleh berdasarkan kuesioner yang dibagikan dan anamnesis. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan total 25 responden terdiri dari 9 orang berketombe dan 16 orang tidak berketombe. Hasil uji korelasi chi-square terhadap hubungan antara penggunaan hair styling dengan kejadian dermatitis seboroik menunjukkan nilai P=0,332. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara penggunaan hair styling dengan kejadian dermatitis seboroikKata kunci: hair styling, dermatitis seboroik, mahasiswa laki-laki

scholarly journals Gender differences in patients who underwent root canal treatment in anterior teeth after trauma

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 609-613
Author(s):  
Reshmi B ◽  
Bhagyalakshmi T ◽  
Arvind S
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Anterior Tooth ◽  
Root Canal Treatment ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
And Gender

Anterior tooth fractures are more commonly found in younger patients than in adults. Kids in school accidentally fall and break their anterior tooth. It not only has an impact on aesthetics but physiological disturbances due to their friends. The aim of this study is to assess the gender difference in patients who underwent root canal treatment in anterior teeth after trauma. The data was collected from the dental information archiving software of saveetha dental college, from June 2019 to March 2020. The parameters collected were age, gender, a tooth which had undergone trauma. The data was collected and tabulated in the excel sheet and was transferred to the SPSS software by IBM for statistical analysis like chi-square test between trauma teeth and age and gender and traumatized tooth. This study reveals that males had a higher incidence of fracture than females and they belonged to the age group of 2-4 years with a P-value of 0.213 >0.05 (statistically insignificant).   This study concludes that male children are more prone for anterior tooth fracture than the female children, and they must be educated on the importance of teeth and safety during sporting or any other physical activities.

scholarly journals Association of age with dental plaque score- A record based analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 342-346
Author(s):  
Preetha Parthasarathy ◽  
Leelavathi L ◽  
Sreedevi Dharman
Keyword(s):  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Plaque Score ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Set Up

Dental plaque is a soft deposit that forms the biofilm adhering to the tooth surface or other hard surface in the oral cavity including removable and fixed restoration. It can either be a supragingival or subgingival plaque. The standard plaque index followed is Silness and Loe’s index (1964). The study is done in order to find a correlation between age and dental plaque score. To evaluate the association between age and dental plaque score. The study was conducted in a university set up in a Private Dental College, Chennai. The standard index used in the study is Silness and Loe’s plaque index. The data was collected from the hospital digital database by reviewing and analysing the case sheets of patients who visited the hospital between June 2019 to March 2020. The sample size was 1235. Tabulation and results were generated using SPSS version 19, chi-square test was performed. The age group 18 to 35 years had 52.3% of good plaque score, 42.6% of fair and 5% of poor plaque score. The age group 36 to 50 years had 40% of good plaque score, 49.9% of fair and 10.1% of poor plaque score. The age group 51 to 70 years had 32.2% of good 50% of fair and 17.8% of poor plaque score. P value was found to be significant <0.05. Within the limits of the study, it was observed that the age group 51 to 70 years had notably higher prevalence of fair and poor plaque scores when compared to other two age groups. This study can be used as a reference for understanding the pattern of age wise distribution of dental plaque.

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