scholarly journals REASSESSING RELIABILITY BASED ON SURVIVED LOADS

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (32) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Schweckendiek
Keyword(s):  
Probability Of Failure ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Inspection Period ◽  
Bayesian Techniques ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Structural Resistance ◽  
Cost Of Construction ◽  
Source Of Information

The reliability of flood defenses is often dictated by large uncertainties in the hydraulic loading and the structural resistance. Additional information decreases uncertainty, however, acquiring it is often costly. One source of information, even though in many cases readily available, is hardly used – survived loads. This article shows how data on survived load conditions can be incorporated in reliability analysis by means of Bayesian techniques. The theory is illustrated by simple and realistic examples. In contrast to other sources of information, reassessing structures using survived load data always leads to higher reliability or lower probability of failure. Furthermore, attention is given to the expected development of failure in time. This may be relevant for situations, where the safety requirements of a structure are stated in terms of a design or inspection period. For both, re-assessing reliability based on (one time) survived loads as well as the expected increase of reliability in time, the examples show significant impact. Use of this knowledge, may, consequently, safe cost of construction or reinforcement.

scholarly journals Educational behaviors of pregnant women in the Bronx during Zika’s International emerging epidemic: “First mom … and then I’d Google. And then my doctor”

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Rodriguez ◽  
Antoinette A. Danvers ◽  
Carolina Sanabia ◽  
Siobhan M. Dolan
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Initial Source ◽  
Source Of Information

Abstract Background The objective of the study was to understand how pregnant women learned about Zika infection and to identify what sources of information were likely to influence them during their pregnancy. Methods We conducted 13 semi-structed interviews in English and Spanish with women receiving prenatal care who were tested for Zika virus infection. We analyzed the qualitative data using descriptive approach. Results Pregnant women in the Bronx learned about Zika from family, television, the internet and their doctor. Informational sources played different roles. Television, specifically Spanish language networks, was often the initial source of information. Women searched the internet for additional information about Zika. Later, they engaged in further discussions with their healthcare providers. Conclusions Television played an important role in providing awareness about Zika to pregnant women in the Bronx, but that information was incomplete. The internet and healthcare providers were sources of more complete information and are likely the most influential. Efforts to educate pregnant women about emerging infectious diseases will benefit from using a variety of approaches including television messages that promote public awareness followed up by reliable information via the internet and healthcare providers.

Headache in Schoolchildren: Agreement Between Different Sources of Information

Cephalalgia ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 420-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Laurell ◽  
B Larsson ◽  
O Eeg-Olofsson
Keyword(s):  
International Headache Society ◽  
Headache Frequency ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
High Agreement ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Level Of Agreement ◽  
Duration Criterion

The level of agreement between different sources of information, i.e. questionnaires, interviews and diaries, was evaluated in a sample of 129 schoolchildren, 69 girls and 60 boys, ranging in age from 7 to 17 years. Headache diagnoses and headache features showed high agreement between questionnaires and subsequent interviews. The concordance between questionnaires and interviews for headache diagnoses increased, and the number of unclassified headaches decreased, when the International Headache Society (IHS) duration criterion was excluded. When comparing headache frequency reported in questionnaires and interviews with diary recordings, the agreement was low and the frequency higher in the diaries. Overall, the agreement between questionnaires, interviews and diaries was not related to age or gender. The questionnaire may serve as a valid source of information in studies of headache in schoolchildren. Prospective recordings in diaries provide additional information, in particular of low-intensity headache. In children, the IHS duration criterion should be modified or excluded.

scholarly journals Educational Behaviors of Pregnant Women in the Bronx During Zika’s International Emerging Epidemic: “First Mom … and then I’d Google. And then my Doctor”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Rodriguez ◽  
Antoinette A. Danvers ◽  
Carolina Sanabia ◽  
Siobhan M. Dolan
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Initial Source ◽  
Source Of Information

Abstract BackgroundThe objective of the study was to understand how pregnant women learned about Zika infection and to identify what sources of information were likely to influence them during their pregnancy.MethodsWe conducted 13 semi-structed interviews in English and Spanish with women receiving prenatal care who were tested for Zika virus infection. We analyzed the qualitative data using grounded theory.ResultsPregnant women in the Bronx learned about Zika from family, television, the internet and their doctor. Informational sources played different roles. Television, specifically Spanish language networks, was often the initial source of information. Women searched the internet for additional information about Zika. Later, they engaged in further discussions with their healthcare providers.ConclusionsTelevision played an important role in providing awareness about Zika to pregnant women in the Bronx, but that information was incomplete. The internet and healthcare providers were sources of more complete information and are likely the most influential. Efforts to educate pregnant women about emerging infectious diseases will benefit from using a variety of approaches including television messages that promote public awareness followed up by reliable information via the internet and healthcare providers.

scholarly journals Barriers to identifying and obtaining CME: a national survey of physicians, nurse practitioners and physician assistants

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen O’Brien Pott ◽  
Anissa S. Blanshan ◽  
Kelly M. Huneke ◽  
Barbara L. Baasch Thomas ◽  
David A. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
Professional Associations ◽  
Physician Assistants ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Online Search ◽  
The Past ◽  
Online Tools ◽  
Source Of Information

Abstract Background CPD educators and CME providers would benefit from further insight regarding barriers and supports in obtaining CME, including sources of information about CME. To address this gap, we sought to explore challenges that clinicians encounter as they seek CME, and time and monetary support allotted for CME. Methods In August 2018, we surveyed licensed US clinicians (physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants), sampling 100 respondents each of family medicine physicians, internal medicine and hospitalist physicians, medicine specialist physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants (1895 invited, 500 [26.3%] responded). The Internet-based questionnaire addressed barriers to obtaining CME, sources of CME information, and time and monetary support for CME. Results The most often-selected barriers were expense (338/500 [68%]) and travel time (N = 286 [57%]). The source of information about CME activities most commonly selected was online search (N = 348 [70%]). Direct email, professional associations, direct mail, and journals were also each selected by > 50% of respondents. Most respondents reported receiving 1–6 days (N = 301 [60%]) and $1000–$5000 (n = 263 [53%]) per year to use in CME activities. Most (> 70%) also reported no change in time or monetary support over the past 24 months. We found few significant differences in responses across clinician type or age group. In open-ended responses, respondents suggested eight ways to enhance CME: optimize location, reduce cost, publicize effectively, offer more courses and content, allow flexibility, ensure accessibility, make content clinically relevant, and encourage application. Conclusions Clinicians report that expense and travel time are the biggest barriers to CME. Time and money support is limited, and not increasing. Online search and email are the most frequently-used sources of information about CME. Those who organize and market CME should explore options that reduce barriers of time and money, and creatively use online tools to publicize new offerings.

scholarly journals An Important Source of Information about Islamized Armenians

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2 (6)) ◽  
pp. 251-261
Author(s):  
Sergey Vardanyan
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Village ◽  
Source Of Information

The history of Armenians has been accompanied with struggles against forced Islamization. The Islamized Hamshen-Armenians are of particular interest in this regard. The present article provides solid evidence about Islamized Armenians in general and those in the village of Khevak in particular, making reference to new sources of information that confirm the ideas stated.

Talking to children about parental mental illness: The experiences of well parents

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Ballal ◽  
Janardhana Navaneetham
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Parental Mental Illness ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Mental Health Systems ◽  
The Family ◽  
Supportive Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Source Of Information

Background: Children of parents with mental illness are not routinely included in psychoeducational and supportive family interventions provided by adult mental health systems. The family, therefore, is an important and, sometimes, the only source of information and support for them. Aim: To understand the experiences of well parents in talking to their children about parental mental illness. Method: This article presents the findings of a qualitative study of the experiences of well parents in talking to their children about parental mental illness. Ten well parents whose spouses were diagnosed with a severe mental illness participated in the study. Socio-demographic information, family details and history of the spouse’s mental illness along with their experiences of talking to children about parental mental illness, the perceived risks and benefits, challenges they faced and the role of others in the process were recorded. Qualitative data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Findings: The themes of ‘distancing children from parental mental illness’, ‘avoiding conversations about the illness’, ‘giving and receiving emotional support’, ‘providing explanations of the illness’ and ‘regulating other sources of information’ show the complex ways in which well parents influence their children’s understanding of parental mental illness. The findings are examined in the background of what is known about this topic from the perspective of children or of the parent with illness. Possible ways to support well parents in families affected by parental mental illness are discussed. Conclusion: This study is a step forward in the understanding of how families talk to children about parental mental illness and provides the perspective of the well parent.

Analysis of correlations between driver mutations and biomarkers with response to immunotherapy in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21022-e21022
Author(s):  
Jiang Yio ◽  
Brian Wolf ◽  
Amber Yang ◽  
Ashrei Y. Bayewitz ◽  
Yiqing Xu
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Biomarker ◽  
Driver Mutations ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Nsclc Patients

e21022 Background: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) performs genomic profiling on tumor tissue and provides information on mutations on 300+ selected genes. While driver mutations have targeted therapy options, apt therapies for passenger mutations are not clearly defined. The level of PD-L1 expression and the total mutation burden (TMB) score for NSCLC have independent predictive values in response to check-point inhibition immunotherapy. Using NGS data, we aimed to evaluate the correlations of driver mutations and other biomarkers with immunotherapy response. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis on the NGS results for NSCLC patients treated between November 2011 and February 2018. Patients were identified from the Foundation Medicine Company database and were linked to records at our cancer center. Patients’ demographics and treatment data were assessed. Results: 99 NSCLC patients (44 males and 55 females) were included with a median age of 65 (range 32-89). Races included Asian (n=42), Caucasian (n= 40), African American (n=8), and Hispanic (n=7). 49 patients possessed driver mutations, which were EGFR (n=22), ALK (n=5), RET (n=5), ROS (n=2), BRAF (n=5), MET amplification (n=5), BRCA 1 or 2 (n=4), and NTRK (n=2); 3 patients had both a driver and a non-driver mutation. In the entire cohort, 40 patients (58 total, 69%) had PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) > 0% and 31 (53%) had TPS ≥10%. 30 patients (48 total, 63%) had TMB <10 and 18 (37%) had TMB ≥10. Patients with driver mutations had a lower probability of high TMB (p=0.007), but no difference in PD-L1 expression (p=0.61). PD-L1 TPS score had no correlation with TMB high or low scores (Table). In patients with driver mutations, other mutations were detected by NGS. In EGFR+ patients, the most common additional mutations were TP53 and CDKN2A/B. 23 patients received immunotherapy; the response rate in non-mutation carriers was 45.4% (5/11). Among the 7 patients with an EGFR mutation, 4 had PD-L1 TPS ≥30% and none had TMB ≥10; based on RECIST 1.1, stable disease (SD) was the best response in 2 patients. One patient with a BRAF mutation and another patient with an ALK mutation had partial responses (PR); both had TMB ≥ 10. Conclusions: NGS provides additional information in NSCLC patients with driver mutations. In patients with driver mutations, while PD-L1 expression may not be associated with response to immunotherapy, a high TMB level may be a predictive biomarker, which warrants further study.[Table: see text]

Effect of Temporal Arrangement on Multimedia Learning

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Chen
Keyword(s):  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Multimedia Learning ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Multimedia Teaching ◽  
Text Information ◽  
Source Of Information

The purpose of this study is to examine whether Multimedia learning theory (Mayer, 1997; Schnotz & Kürschner, 2007) holds true when images are the primary source of information and text information is secondary. I will test how temporal arrangement of audio and image presentations affects quality of learning in this situation. I hypothesize that when audio is played before or after the image participants will require increased cognitive processing to mentally integrate the two sources of information resulting in deeper learning and transfer of learning. On the other hand when audio is played while the image is shown, I hypothesize that participants with high prior knowledge of the subject will score lower than participants with low prior knowledge, because prior knowledge will interfere with knowledge from the two sources causing a redundancy effect. This experiment will lead to greater understanding of multimedia teaching and learning in classrooms as well as how it affects deeper learning.

A Survey of Parental Knowledge of Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Other Respiratory Infections in Preterm Infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
Marianne Bracht ◽  
Fabiana Bacchini ◽  
Bosco Paes
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Syncytial Virus

PurposeEvaluate parental knowledge of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and other respiratory infections in preterm infants.DesignSurvey.SampleFive hundred and eighty-three parents of preterm infants with generalized, Canadian provincial representation.Main OutcomeKnowledge of RSV infection, sources of information, and parental understanding of disease risk.Results97.9 percent (571/583) of the parents had heard about RSV, since they all had a preterm infant. Sixty-one percent reported having good knowledge of RSV; 19.4 percent had very good knowledge; 19.7 percent had little or no awareness of RSV-related infection. Most (86.3 percent) believed that RSV illness was a very serious condition; 13 percent recognized that it could be a major problem for their child. Principal sources of information were the nurse, doctor and pamphlets. Over 480 participants cited 3 or more sources of additional information—Internet, social media platforms, and educational sessions. Respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis was a priority, but knowledge regarding the eligibility criteria for prophylaxis is essential.

Categorizing Blogs as Information Sources for Libraries and Information Science

2015 ◽  
pp. 4833-4845
Author(s):  
Mark-Shane Scale ◽  
Anabel Quan-Haase
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Collection Development ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Source Category

Blogs are important sources of information currently used in the work of professionals, institutions and academics. Nevertheless, traditional information needs and uses research has not yet discussed where blogs fit in the existing typologies of information sources. Blogs and other types of social media have several characteristics that blur the lines of distinction existent between traditional information source categories. This chapter brings this research problem to the fore. Not only do we examine why blogs do not neatly fit into existing information source categories, but we also deliberate the implications for libraries in terms of the need to consider blogs as an information source to be included in collection development. We discuss the opportunities and possibilities for blogs to be integrated into the collection development efforts of academic and public libraries to better serve patrons. In order to accommodate for blogs and other types of social media as information sources, we propose the introduction of an additional information source category. We suggest new avenues of future research that investigate how blogs are being used to meet information needs in various social settings, such as corporations, health care and educational settings (e.g., higher education, and schools). In this chapter, we develop a framework of how blogs may function as information sources to provide libraries with a better understanding of how blogs are integrated into the context of everyday information seeking. By grouping the ways in which people employ blogs to acquire information, we propose that blogs provide information sources along a continuum ranging from non-fiction to fictional information.

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