Preparation of FeO(OH) Modified with Polyethylene Glycol and Its Catalytic Activity on the Reduction of Nitrobenzene with Hydrazine Hydrate

Iron oxyhydroxide was prepared by dropping ammonia water to Fe(NO3)3.9H2O dispersed in polyethylene glycol (PEG) 1000. The catalyst was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and laser particle size analyzer. The results showed the catalyst modified with polyethylene glycol was amorphous. The addition of PEG during the preparation make the particle size of the catalyst was smaller and more uniform. The catalytic performance was tested in the reduction of nitroarenes to corresponding amines with hydrazine hydrate, and the catalyst showed excellent activity and stability. Copyright © 2016 BCREC GROUP. All rights reservedReceived: 2nd February 2016; Revised: 26th April 2016; Accepted: 7th June 2016How to Cite: Cai, K.Y., Liu, Y.S., Song, M., Zhou, Y.M., Liu, Q., Wang, X.H. (2016). Preparation of FeO(OH) Modified with Polyethylene Glycol and Its Catalytic Activity on the Reduction of Nitrobenzene with Hydrazine Hydrate. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 11 (3): 363-368 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.11.3.576.363-368)Permalink/DOI: <a href="http://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.3.576.363-368">http://doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.3.576.363-368</a>

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Synthesis of SnO2 Nanoparticles by High Potential Electrolysis

BULLETIN OF CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING AND CATALYSIS ◽

10.9767/bcrec.12.2.773.281-286 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 281 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Fredy Kurniawan ◽

Rahmi Rahmi

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Sno2 Nanoparticles ◽

Particle Size Analysis ◽

Reaction Engineering ◽

High Potential ◽

Size Analysis ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Nanoparticles Synthesis ◽

The Fourier Transform

SnO2 nanoparticles have been synthesized by high voltage electrolysis. Tin bare was used for anode and cathode. The effect of potentials and electrolyte were studied. The particles obtained after electrolysis was characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The diffractogram is in agreement with the standard diffraction pattern of SnO2 which is identified as tetragonal structure. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrum indicates that there is a vibration of Sn–O asymmetric at 580 cm-1. The optimum potential for SnO2 nanoparticles synthesis is 60 V at 0.06 M HCl which shows the highest UV-Vis spectrum. The absorption peak of SnO2 nanoparticles by UV-Vis spectrophotometer appears at about 207 nm. The particle size analysis shows that the SnO2 nanoparticles obtained have the size distribution in a range of 25-150 nm with the highest volume at 83.11 nm. Copyright © 2017 BCREC Group. All rights reservedReceived: 15th November 2016; Revised: 26th February 2017; Accepted: 27th February 2017How to Cite: Rahmi, R., Kurniawan, F. (2017). Synthesis of SnO2 Nanoparticles by High Potential Electrolysis. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 12 (2): 281-286 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.12.2.773.281-286)Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.12.2.773.281-286

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Preparation of ultrafine iron phosphate micro-powder from phosphate slag

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201823802002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 238 ◽

pp. 02002

Author(s):

Fangjing Sun ◽

Yi Zhang ◽

Jiawei Zhang ◽

Xixi Yan ◽

Xiaoyu Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Particle Size ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Average Particle Size ◽

Iron Phosphate ◽

Average Particle ◽

X Ray ◽

Particle Size Analyzer ◽

Phosphate Slag ◽

Scanning Electron

In this experiment, ultrafine iron phosphate micro-powder was prepared by hydrothermal method which used phosphate slag as an iron source. The effects of reaction temperature, surfactants type and amount on its particle size were explored. The samples were characterized by using Malvern Laser Particle Size Analyzer (MS2000), X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX).The results showed that at 160 °C, 1 wt%CTAB, monoclinic iron phosphate micro-powder was obtained with an average particle size about 0.4 μm which also has a good dispersion in aqueous solution.

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The Influence of Calcination Temperature on Quantitative Phase of Hematite from Iron Stone Tanah Laut

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1112.489 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1112 ◽

pp. 489-492

Author(s):

Ali Mufid ◽

M. Zainuri

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Calcination Temperature ◽

Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽

Precipitation Method ◽

Gravimetric Analysis ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

X Ray ◽

Particle Size Analyzer ◽

Co Precipitation

This research aims to form particles of hematite (α-Fe2O3) with a basis of mineral iron ore Fe3O4 from Tanah Laut. Magnetite Fe3O4 was synthesized using co-precipitation method. Further characterization using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to obtain the percentage of the elements, obtained an iron content of 98.51%. Then characterized using thermo-gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC) to determine the calcination temperature, that at a temperature of 445 °C mass decreased by 0.369% due to increase in temperature. Further Characterization of X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine the phases formed at the calcination temperature variation of 400 °C, 445 °C, 500 °C and 600 °C with a holding time of 5 hours to form a single phase α-Fe2O3 hematite. Testing with a particle size analyzer (PSA) to determine the particle size distribution, where test results indicate that the α-Fe2O3 phase of each having a particle size of 269.7 nm, 332.2 nm, 357.9 nm, 412.2 nm. The best quantity is shown at a temperature of 500 °C to form the hematite phase. This result is used as the calcination procedure to obtain a source of Fe ions in the manufacture of Lithium Ferro Phosphate.

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Effect of Process on the Dielectric Properties of BaTiO3-Based X9R Ceramics

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.906.18 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 906 ◽

pp. 18-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bao Lin Zhang ◽

Bin Bin Zhang ◽

Ning Ning Wang ◽

Jing Ming Fei

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Dielectric Properties ◽

Milling Time ◽

Sintering Temperature ◽

Sintering Process ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Sintered Ceramic ◽

X Ray ◽

Particle Size Analyzer

The effect of milling time and sintering process on the dielectric properties of BaTiO3-based X9R ceramics was investigated. The characterization of the raw powders and the sintered ceramic was carried out by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The particle size distribution of the mixed powders was examined by Laser Particle Size Analyzer. The results shown that with the milling time extended, the Cruie Peak was depressed, or even disappeared. Moreover, with the rise of sintering temperature, the dielectric constant of the ceramics increased and the dielectric loss decreased gradually. Eventually, by milling for 11h and sintering at 1090°Cfor 2h, good dielectric properties were obtained, which were ε25°C≥ 2526, εr/εr25°C≤± 12% (–55~200°C), tanδ≤1.12% (25°C).

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Catalytic Activity of Polynuclear vs. Dinuclear Aroylhydrazone Cu(II) Complexes in Microwave-Assisted Oxidation of Neat Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24010047 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 47 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Manas Sutradhar ◽

Tannistha Barman ◽

Armando Pombeiro ◽

Luísa Martins

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Activity ◽

Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Catalytic Performance ◽

Antiproliferative Agents ◽

One Dimensional ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Crystallography ◽

Mild Conditions ◽

Microwave Assisted ◽

Aliphatic And Aromatic Hydrocarbons

One-dimensional (1D) polynuclear Cu(II) complex (1) derived from (5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzylidene)-2-hydroxybenzohydrazide (H2L) is synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, ESI-MS, and single crystal X-ray crystallography. Its catalytic performance towards the solvent-free microwave-assisted peroxidative oxidation of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons under mild conditions is compared with that of dinuclear Cu(II) complexes (2 and 3) of the same ligand, previously reported as antiproliferative agents. Polymer 1 exhibits the highest activity, either for the oxidation of cyclohexane (leading to overall yields, based on the alkane, of up to 39% of cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone) or towards the oxidation of toluene (selectively affording benzaldehyde up to a 44% yield), after 2 or 2.5 h of irradiation at 80 or 50 °C, respectively.

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Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Muntingia Calabura L. Leaf Extract as Bioreductor and Applied as Glucose Nanosensor

Oriental Journal Of Chemistry ◽

10.13005/ojc/340652 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 3088-3094 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Abdul Wahid Wahab ◽

Abdul Karim ◽

Nursiah La Nafie ◽

Nurafni Nurafni ◽

I. Wayan Sutapa

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Reduction Method ◽

Measurement Range ◽

Structure Characterization ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Particle Size Analyzer ◽

Muntingia Calabura

Silver nanoparticles have been synthesized by reduction method using extract of Muntingia calabura L. leaf a bioreductor. The process of silver nanoparticles formation was monitored by UV-Vis method. The results showed that the absorbance values increased according to the increase of reaction time. Maximum absorption of silver nanoparticle was obtained at a wavelength of 41-421 nm. The size of silver nanoparticles was determined using a PSA (Particle Size Analyzer) with a particle size distribution of 97.04 nm. The functional groups compound that contribute in the synthesis was analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Morphology of the silver nanoparticles was observed by an Scanning Electron Microscope instrument and the structure characterization of the compounds were analyzed using X-Ray Diffraction. The glucose nanosensor based on silver nanoparticles have the measurement range of 1 mM - 4 mM with the regretion (R2) is 0,9516, the detection limit of sensor is 3,2595 mM, the sensitivity of sensor is 2,0794 A. mM-1. mM-2.

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Preparation and Characterization of Monodisperse Ceria Microspheres

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.434-435.850 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 434-435 ◽

pp. 850-852

Author(s):

Qi Wang ◽

Bo Yin ◽

Zhen Wang ◽

Gen Li Shen ◽

Yun Fa Chen

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽

Particle Size ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Crystalline Form ◽

X Ray ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Particle Size Analyzer ◽

Scanning Electron

In present work, ceria microspheres were synthesized by template hydrothermal method. Crystalline form of the as-synthesized ceria microspheres was defined by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Dispersibility of ceria microspheres was comprehensively characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation and laser particle size analyzer. Furthermore, the ultraviolet light absorption performances of ceria microspheres with several different sizes were compared by ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer. The results showed that ceria microspheres presented excellent UV absorbent property and the size influence was remarkable.

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Novel NiMgOH-rGO-Based Nanostructured Hybrids for Electrochemical Energy Storage Supercapacitor Applications: Effect of Reducing Agents

Crystals ◽

10.3390/cryst11091144 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 1144

Author(s):

Konda Shireesha ◽

Thida Rakesh Kumar ◽

Tumarada Rajani ◽

Chidurala Shilpa Chakra ◽

Murikinati Mamatha Kumari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Cyclic Voltammetry ◽

Fourier Transform ◽

Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Visible Spectroscopy ◽

X Ray ◽

Particle Size Analyzer ◽

Uv Visible

This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of NiMgOH-rGO nanocomposites made using a chemical co-precipitation technique with various reducing agents (e.g., NaOH and NH4OH) and reduced graphene oxide at 0.5, 1, and 1.5 percent by weight. UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, a particle size analyzer, and cyclic voltammetry were used to characterize the composite materials. The formation of the NiMgOH-rGO nanocomposite with crystallite sizes in the range of 10–40 nm was inferred by X-ray diffraction patterns of materials, which suggested interlayers of Ni(OH)2 and Mg(OH)2. The interactions between the molecules were detected using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, while optical properties were studied using UV-visible spectroscopy. A uniform average particle size distribution in the range of 1–100 nm was confirmed by the particle size analyzer. Using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements in a 6 M KOH solution, the electrochemical execution of NiMgOH-rGO nanocomposites was investigated. At a 1 A/g current density, the NiMgOH-rGO nanocomposites prepared with NH4OH as a reducing agent had a higher specific capacitance of 1977 F/g. The electrochemical studies confirmed that combining rGO with NiMgOH increased conductivity.

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Correlating the Structural Evolution of ZnO/Al2O3 to Spinel Zinc Aluminate with its Catalytic Performance in Propane Dehydrogenation

10.26434/chemrxiv.14386550 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Manouchehr Nadjafi ◽

Agnieszka M. Kierzkowska ◽

Andac Armutlulu ◽

Rene Verel ◽

Alexey Fedorov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Activity ◽

Spinel Phase ◽

Structural Evolution ◽

Atomic Layer ◽

Catalytic Performance ◽

Coke Deposition ◽

Core Shell ◽

Zinc Aluminate ◽

Wurtzite Phase ◽

X Ray

Zn-based Al2O3-suported materials have been proposed as inexpensive and environmentally friendly catalysts for the direct dehydrogenation of propane (PDH), however, our understanding of these catalysts’ structure and deactivation routes is still limited. Here, we correlate the catalytic activity for PDH of a series of Zn-based Al2O3 catalysts with their structure and structural evolution. To this end, three model catalysts are investigated. (i) ZnO/Al2O3 prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) of ZnO onto γ-Al2O3 followed by calcination at 700 °C, which yields a core-shell spinel zinc aluminate/γ-Al2O3 structure. (ii) Zinc aluminate spinel nanoparticles (ZnxAlyO4 NPs) prepared via a hydrothermal method. (iii) A reference core-shell ZnO/SiO2 catalyst prepared by ALD of ZnO on SiO2. The catalysts are characterized in detail by synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Zn K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and 27Al solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR). These experiments allowed us to identify tetrahedral Zn sites in close proximity to Al sites of a zinc aluminate spinel phase (ZnIV–O–AlIV/VI linkages) as notably more active and selective in PDH relative to the supported ZnO wurtzite phase (ZnIV–O– ZnIV linkages) in ZnO/SiO2. The best performing catalyst, 50ZnO/Al2O3 gives 77% selectivity to propene (gaseous products based) at 9 mmol C3H6 gcat−1 h−1 space time yield (STY) after 3 min of reaction at 600 °C. On the other hand, the core-shell ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst shows an irreversible loss of activity over repeated PDH and air-regeneration cycles, explained by Zn depletion on the surface due to its diffusion into subsurface layers or the bulk. ZnxAlyO4 NPs gave a comparable initial selectivity and catalytic activity as 50ZnO/Al2O3. With time on stream, ZnxAlyO4 NPs deactivate due to the formation of coke at the catalyst surface, yet the extend of coke deposition is lower than for the ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts, and the activity of ZnxAlyO4 NPs can be regenerated almost fully using calcination in air.

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Synthesis of Sulfonic Acid-Functionalized Zirconium Poly(Styrene-Phenylvinyl-Phosphonate)-Phosphate for Heterogeneous Epoxidation of Soybean Oil

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal9090710 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 710 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiaochuan Zou ◽

Xuyuan Nie ◽

Zhiwen Tan ◽

Kaiyun Shi ◽

Cun Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Activity ◽

Soybean Oil ◽

Sulfonic Acid ◽

Solid Acid ◽

Solid Acid Catalyst ◽

Acid Catalyst ◽

Thiol Group ◽

Catalytic Performance ◽

X Ray ◽

Sulfonic Acid Groups

In this paper, a solid acid catalyst (ZPS–PVPA–SO3H) was prepared by anchoring thiol group on zirconium poly(styrene-phenylvinyl-phosphonate)-phosphate (ZPS–PVPA), followed by oxidation of thiol groups to obtain sulfonic acid groups. The solid acid catalyst was characterized by XPS, X-ray, EDS, SEM, and TG-DSC. The successful preparation of sulfonic acid-functionalized ZPS–PVPA was confirmed. Subsequently, the catalytic performance of ZPS–PVPA–SO3H was investigated in the epoxidation of soybean oil. The results demonstrated that ZPS–PVPA–SO3H can effectively catalyze epoxidation of soybean oil with TBHP as an oxidant. Moreover, there was no significant decrease in catalytic activity after 5 repeated uses of the ZPS–PVPA–SO3H. Interestingly, the ZPS–PVPA–SO3H was kept in 2 mol/L of HCl overnight after the end of the seventh reaction, and the catalytic activity was gradually restored during the eighth to tenth cycles.

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