scholarly journals Family interview for organ donation: necessary knowledge according to coordinators in organ transplants

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3979
Author(s):  
Paula Isabella Marujo Nunes da Fonseca ◽  
Cláudia Mara de Melo Tavares ◽  
Thiago Nogueira Silva ◽  
Laís Mariano Paiva ◽  
Verônica De Oliveira Augusto
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Transplants ◽  
Family Interview

Family perspectives on organ and tissue donation for transplantation: A principlist analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1041-1050
Author(s):  
Marcelo José dos Santos ◽  
Lydia Feito
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Tissue Donation ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Donation Process ◽  
The Family ◽  
Organ Procurement Organizations ◽  
Family Interview

Background: The family interview context is permeated by numerous ethical issues which may generate conflicts and impact on organ donation process. Objective: This study aims to analyze the family interview process with a focus on principlist bioethics. Method: This exploratory, descriptive study uses a qualitative approach. The speeches were collected using the following prompt: “Talk about the family interview for the donation of organs and tissues for transplantation, from the preparation for the interview to the decision of the family to donate or not.” For the treatment of qualitative data, we chose the method of content analysis and categorical thematic analysis. Participants: The study involved 18 nurses who worked in three municipal organ procurement organizations in São Paulo, Brazil, and who conducted family interviews for organ donation. Ethical considerations: The data were collected after approval of the study by the Research Ethics Committee of the School of Nursing of the University of São Paulo. Results: The results were classified into four categories and three subcategories. The categories are the principles adopted by principlist bioethics. Discussion: The principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice permeate the family interview and reveal their importance in the organs and tissues donation process for transplantation. Conclusion: The analysis of family interviews for the donation of organs and tissues for transplantation with a focus on principlist bioethics indicates that the process involves many ethical considerations. The elucidation of these aspects contributes to the discussion, training, and improvement of professionals, whether nurses or not, who work in organ procurement organizations and can improve the curriculum of existing training programs for transplant coordinators who pursue ethics in donation and transplantation as their foundation.

scholarly journals Effect of organ donation after circulatory determination of death on number of organ transplants from donors with neurologic determination of death

2017 ◽  
Vol 189 (38) ◽  
pp. E1206-E1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Rao ◽  
Sonny Dhanani ◽  
Janet MacLean ◽  
Clare Payne ◽  
Elizabeth Paltser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Transplants ◽  
Determination Of Death

scholarly journals Organ Donation in the Context of Brain Death in Muslim Countries: Bioethical Positions

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (07) ◽  
pp. 222-224
Author(s):  
Alqahtani Ibtesam Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Brain Death ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Organ Transplants ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
The Right ◽  
End Stage

One of the miracles of modern medicine for patients with end stage organ failure is organ transplantation. The Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) defines organ donation as giving an organ, tissue, cells, or part of an organ from a living or deceased person (i.e., the donor) to a living person in need (i.e., the recipient). In the last two decades, the number of organ transplants has gradually increased; however, the demand for organ transplantation exceeds the number of available donors. Organs from brain dead donors have been suggested as an alternative option for increasing donation rates when living donors are not available. This article explores the debate surrounding brain death organ donation in Muslim countries. Because organ transplantation is based on Ijtihad, Muslim jurists have no clear-cut text in the Holy Quran or Sunna to use as a foundation for judgment. This has made organ transplants an issue among Muslim scholars and researchers, splitting them into two opinion groups, with one side seeing organ transplantation as legal and the other believing it to be illegal. However, all individuals have the right to choose whether they want to help others by sacrificing parts of themselves and donating their organs. Autonomy, justice, and beneficence must be employed in organ transplantation decision-making.

Knowledge of and opinion on organ transplantation among priests of selected Christian religion

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
M. Grochala ◽  
W. Boratyński
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Eastern Orthodox ◽  
Organ Transplants ◽  
Christian Religion ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
Frame Work ◽  
Improve Health

Introduction: As Polish society is in its majority Christian, the knowledge and attitudes presented by priests may have a tangible impact on Church mem-bers’ decisions concerning organ donation. Purpose: To evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and decisions of priests of various Christian denomina-tions regarding organ transplants in Poland. Materials and methods: The paper presents the re-sults of a study carried out in the form of a question-naire survey of 86 priests. Survey participants in-cluded priests of 3 most common Christian denomi-nations in Poland: Catholic, Protestant and Eastern Orthodox. Results: Awareness of the current regulatory frame-work among the clergy is relatively low. Only a small percentage gave correct answers to questions about applicable laws regulating the matter of organ transplantation in Poland. Conclusions: Data gathered during the study implies a positive attitude among priests towards organ transplantation performed to save life and improve health. A vast majority of survey participants support the idea of transplantation. The problem is low awareness of existing documents and laws regulating organ transplantation.

scholarly journals بائیو ٹیکنالوجی اور اس کے اثرات، دینی و اخلاقی پہلو

rahatulquloob ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 108-120
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tariq ◽  
Prof. Dr. Syed Azkia Hashmi.
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Organ Transplants ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
Human Needs

Biotechnology has helped to improve the quality of people’s lives over ten thousand years. Today’s biotechnologies vary in application and over the last century, the number and range of biotechnologies have rapidly increased. A key to this increase was the discovery of the structure of DNA in 1953, leading to numerous applications, particularly in forensics, medicine and agriculture. There are some strong religious and ethical views and observations regarding the advancement of this technology. Biotechnology involving practices such as organ transplants, manipulating human embryos and using animal in research may be particularly offensive to some groups of people, while the fundamental aim of this technology is to meet human needs or demands to improve the quality of life. Ethics and Xenotransplantation, Ethics and Zebrafish, Ethics and organ donation and Designer Babies have become today’s controversial issues. This article aims to explore these issues and analyze as per religious ethical values and standards.  

scholarly journals Organ donation and transplantation in the Russian Federation in 2020 13th Report from the Registry of the Russian Transplant Society

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 8-34
Author(s):  
S. V. Gautier ◽  
S. M. Khomyakov
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Organ Transplants ◽  
Kidney Transplants ◽  
Heart Transplants ◽  
Data Control ◽  
The Russian Federation

Objective: to monitor the current trends and developments in organ donation and transplantation in the Russian Federation based on the 2020 data.Materials and methods. Heads of organ transplant centers were surveyed through questionnaires. Data control was done using the information accounting system of the Russian Ministry of Health. Between separate federal subjects of the Russian Federation and between transplantation centers, comparative analysis of data obtained over years was performed.Results. Based on data retrieved from the 2020 Registry, 44 kidney, 29 liver and 16 heart transplantation programs were functioning in the Russian Federation in 2020. The kidney transplant waitlist in 2020 included about 11.5% of the total 60,000 patients receiving dialysis. Organ donation activity in 2020 was 3.9 per million population, with a 74.6% multi-organ procurement rate and an average of 2.9 organs being procured from one effective donor. In 2020, there were 7.7 kidney transplants per million population, 3.8 liver transplants per million population and 1.7 heart transplants per million population. Same year, the number of transplant surgeries performed in the Russian Federation fell by 19.2% to 13.4 per million population against the background of the outbreak caused by the new coronavirus disease COVID-19. The city of Moscow and the Moscow region in 2020 accounted for 13 out of the 14 functioning organ transplantation centers, performing 66.3% of all kidney transplants and 72.4% of all extrarenal transplants in the country. The number of organ recipients in the Russian Federation have exceeded 130 per million population.Conclusion. In 2020, despite the new coronavirus disease COVID-19 pandemic and accompanying restrictive measures, transplant centers continued to perform organ transplants, run a waiting list and monitor organ recipients. However, the number of effective donors (–22.9%) and organ transplants (–19.2%) decreased, tentatively to the 2017 levels. In 2021, transplant centers with support from health authorities will have to restore the volume of transplant care with consideration to the real needs of the population and the donor resource. The COVID-19 factor, including vaccination of the population, as well as financial support to transplantation programs, will be decisive in shaping the trend of transplantation care and organ donation in the federal subjects of the Russian Federation in the coming 1–2 years.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Predictors of Willingness and Attitudes towards Organ Donation among Medical and Non-Medical University Students in Karachi

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Organ Transplants ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Willingness To Donate

Background: Even though organ transplants save thousands of lives globally, there exists a wide mismatch between an increasing demand for organ transplants and limited number of organ donors. The aim of the study was to assess the reasons and inspect differences between donors and non-donors in both students of medical and non-medical universities. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 6 months (May 2018-March 2021). Sample of 400 participants enrolled from three medical colleges, two business/social sciences institutions and one engineering university of Karachi. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-squared test. Continuous variables were compared using a student t-test. Variables with a univariate p-value ≤ 0.10 were included in multiple logistic regression models. Adjusted odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval were reported. Results: With a very high response rate 383(96%) for knowledge about organ donation, a subdued response 201(52.3%) for willingness to donate. Most common source of knowledge regarding organ donation was social media 249(65%), followed by university 207(54%), family/friends 184(48%) and television 172(45%). Multiple logistic regression model identified being comfortable discussing organ donation as a positive predictor of willingness to donate (OR: 2.71, p=0.005), and the belief that organ donation disfigures the body as a negative predictor (OR: 0.40, p<0.001). Conclusion: Attitude towards organ donation was not up to the mark among the participants (201/383=52.3%). Better knowledge may ultimately yield into the act of donation. Valuable measures should be taken to teach young people with significant information with the contribution of social media, institutions and families. Keywords: Organ Donation; Donor Card; Organ Transplants; Ethics.

scholarly journals A COVID–19-járvány hatása a szervadományozásra és -átültetésre Magyarországon 2020-ban

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (23) ◽  
pp. 890-896
Author(s):  
Sándor Mihály ◽  
Anita Egyed-Varga ◽  
Kinga Trnka-Szántay ◽  
Orsolya Deme ◽  
Emese Holtzinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Organ Transplants ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Liver Transplants ◽  
Member States ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients ◽  
The Impact ◽  
European Union Member States

Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A SARS-CoV-2-világjárvány terjedése drasztikus változásokat okozott a mindennapi betegellátásban, amelyek érintették a szervadományozás és -átültetés területét is, így csökkent az élő és az elhunyt donorokból történő donációk és transzplantációk száma világszerte. Az esetszám csökkenése mellett a transzplantált és egyben immunszupprimált betegek védelme érdekében további biztonsági intézkedéseket kellett bevezetni. Módszer: A vizsgálat célja a COVID–19-járvány hazai donációs és transzplantációs aktivitásra gyakorolt hatásának kimutatása volt 2020-ban, a megelőző évvel történő összehasonlításban. A magyar eredményeket összehasonlítottuk elsősorban az Eurotransplant, illetve az Európai Unió tagállamainak adataival is. Eredmények: A lakosságszámra súlyozott, regisztrált COVID–19-fertőzöttség és -halálozás tekintetében nem igazoltunk 2020-ban kiemelkedő eltérést itthon az Eurotransplant-tagállamokhoz képest. A hazai szervdonációs potenciál nem csökkent a vizsgált időszakban, ugyanakkor 38,33%-kal csökkent az agyhalott szervdonorok száma Magyarországon, míg az Eurotransplantban átlagosan 8,64%-kal és 23 adatközlő európai országban 17,55%-kal. Az elhunytból történt szervátültetések száma 29,27%-kal csökkent, különösen a szív- és a májátültetések esetén. A külföldről kapott szervek száma 21,13%-kal és aránya 12,34%-kal emelkedett. Az élő donoros veseátültetések száma nem változott. 2020-ban 25%-kal kevesebb új beteget regisztráltak, mint 2019-ben, és a várólista-mortalitás 28%-kal növekedett az előző évhez képest, kifejezetten a veseátültetésre várók között. Következtetés: A hazai szervátültetési program biztonságos: donoreredetű SARS-CoV-2-átvitel nem történt hazánkban. A szervdonációs potenciál és a COVID–19-járvány mellett a szervdonációs és -transzplantációs aktivitás jelentősen csökkent Magyarországon 2020. márciustól az év végéig. A legtöbb európai országban átmeneti és kisebb mértékű szervdonációs csökkenést regisztráltak. A szervátültetések száma nem csökkent olyan mértékben, mint a donorszám, mert az Eurotransplantból több donorszerv érkezett hazánkba, mint amennyit külföldre küldtünk. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(23): 890–896. Summary. Introduction: The spread of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has resulted in drastic changes in day-to-day patient care, which has also affected the field of organ donation and transplantation, thus reducing the number of donations and transplants from living and deceased donors worldwide. In addition to the reduction in the number of cases, additional safety measures had to be introduced to protect transplanted and implicatively immunosuppressed patients. Method: The aim of the study was to demonstrate the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on domestic donation and transplantation activity in 2020, compared to the previous year. We also compared the Hungarian results with the data of the Eurotransplant and the European Union member states. Results: In terms of population-weighted, registered COVID-19 infection and mortality, we did not find a significant difference in Hungary in 2020 compared to the Eurotransplant member states. The national organ donation potential did not diminish in the period under review, however, the number of brain-dead organ donors decreased by 38.33% in Hungary, while in the Eurotransplant it did by 8.64% on average and in 23 reporting European countries by 17.55%. The number of organ transplants from the deceased decreased by 29.27%, especially regarding heart and liver transplants. Both the number and the proportion of organs received from abroad increased by 21.13% and 12.34%, respectively. The number of living donor kidney transplants did not change. In 2020, 25% fewer new patients were registered than in 2019 and the mortality on waiting list increased by 28% compared to the previous year, especially among those waiting for a kidney transplant. Conclusion: The national organ transplantation program is safe: donor-derived SARS-CoV-2 transmission did not occur in Hungary. In addition to the organ donation potential and the COVID-19 pandemic, organ donation and transplantation activity decreased significantly in Hungary from March 2020 until the end of the year. Transient and smaller reductions in organ donation rates have been reported in most European countries. The number of organ transplants did not decrease as much as the number of donors, because more donor organs arrived in Hungary from the Eurotransplant than we sent abroad. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(23): 890–896.

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