scholarly journals PONDS OF VOLGOGRAD OBLAST AND THEIR CONDITION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.Ю. Овчарова ◽  
В.Ф. Лобойко ◽  
А.В. Лобойко
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Field Trips ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Volgograd Oblast ◽  
Current State ◽  
Beach Recreation ◽  
Insufficient Amount ◽  
Artificial Reservoirs ◽  
Continental Climate

В статье проведен инвентаризация прудов, копаней и мини-водохранилищ, расположенных на территории Волгоградской области. В Волгоградском регионе находятся порядка 5000 искусственных водоёмов различного назначения. Не смотря на такое количество водных объектов район исследования относится к территориям с недостаточным количеством водных ресурсов, что обусловлено природной зоной сухих степей и полупустынь и резко континентальным климатом. Мониторинг большинства прудов и копаней не проводится, научно-методические работы, посвященные данной тематике, почти отсутствуют. С целью выяснения современного состояния искусственных водных объектов области были проведены полевые выезды для их визуального осмотра и мониторинга, а также исследованы морфометрические, физические и статистические данные, предоставленные администрациями районов и поселений. В климатических условиях эти водные объекты играют важное значение: орошение сельскохозяйственных угодий, обводнение прилегающих территорий, разведение рыбы, водоплавающей птицы, хранение воды для различных хозяйственно-бытовых нужд, судоходства, противопожарных и противоэрозионных целей и т. д. Многие гидротехнические сооружения, расположенные на искусственных водоёмах, находятся кризисном состоянии: плотины на некоторых разрушены или прибывают в нерабочем состоянии, а вода в них отсутствует. Состояние некоторых прудов в регионе оценивается как предкризисное и кризисное. На многих из них встречаются таблички на запрет некоторых форм мобильной и стационарной рекреации: вылова рыба, пляжной рекреации, водный туризм и др. The article contains an inventory of ponds, pits for collecting water, and mini-water storages located in Volgograd Oblast. In Volgograd Oblast, there are about 5,000 artificial reservoirs for various purposes. Despite such a number of water bodies, the study area belongs to territories with an insufficient amount of water resources, which is due to the natural zone of dry steppes and semi-deserts and a sharply continental climate. Most of the ponds and pits for collecting water are not monitored, and there are almost no scientific and methodological works devoted to this topic. In order to clarify the current state of artificial water bodies in the region, field trips were carried out for their visual inspection and monitoring, as well as morphometric, physical and statistical data provided by the administrations of districts and settlements were studied. In climatic conditions, these water bodies play an important role: irrigation of agricultural land, watering of adjacent territories, fish and waterfowl farming, storage of water for various household needs, shipping, fire-fighting and anti-erosion purposes, etc. Many hydraulic structures located on artificial reservoirs are in a state of crisis: dams on some of them are destroyed or are inoperative, and there is no water in them. The condition of some ponds in the region is assessed as pre-crisis and crisis. On many of them, there are signs prohibiting some forms of mobile and stationary recreation: fishing, beach recreation, water tourism, etc.

scholarly journals FAUNISTIC CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECIES COMPOSITION OF BLOODSUCKING MOSQUITOES (DIPTERA, CULICIDAE) IN THE REPUBLIC DAGHESTAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Sadaget S. Gadzhieva
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Natural Water ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Malaria Mosquitoes ◽  
Artificial Reservoirs ◽  
Natural Water Bodies

Aim. The main aim of the research is to study the conditions of existence and the timing of the development of the preimaginal and imaginal phases of blood-sucking mosquitoes, depending on the natural and climatic conditions. Methods. Adult species were collected at the roost sites and at the time of swarming with the use of scoop net every five days throughout the season. The larval phases of bloodsucking mosquitoes were taken into account in all given reservoirs of various types using a photocell. Discussion. The results of the study showed that in the study area, the largest region where mosquitoes are reproduced is mainly artificial reservoirs accounting for approximately 65%, natural water bodies (25%) and hollows of tree trunks (10%). The saturation of the larvae of the malarial mosquito of the genus Anopheles was 82 species/m2, non malaria mosquitoes of the genus Culex – 234 species/m2, while Aedes genus made up 105 species/m2. Conclusion. There are 19 species of mosquitoes inhabiting Dagestan. The development of preimaginal and imaginal phases of blood-sucking mosquitoes on the territory of Dagestan is ecologically diverse.

THE CURRENT STATE OF THE ICHTHYOFAUNA OF THE WATER BODIES OF THE YAMALO-NENETS AUTONOMOUS OKRUG OF THE TYUMEN REGION: REVIEW

Fisheries ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Andrey Antonov
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Fish Resources ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Current State ◽  
Rare Fish ◽  
Nenets Autonomous

The article presents an overview of the published materials for a long period concerning the characteristics of the ichthyofauna and the species composition of the water bodies of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug of the Tyumen Region at the present stage. The characteristic of the natural and climatic conditions of the region is given, its high uniqueness as a territory rich in valuable and rare fish resources is shown. The importance of protecting aquatic biological resources from anthropogenic pollution and influence.

Technological and Economic Aspects of Intensive Gardening Development in Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
L.A. Velibekova ◽  
◽  
Sh.M. Magomedgadgiev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles ◽  
Current State ◽  
Nursery Management ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Key Industry ◽  
Fruit Plantations

The article notes that the growing popularity of healthy lifestyles contributes to the increase in consumption of fruits and berries. At the same time, the analysis of the dynamics of the gardening industry for 2000-2018 shows that the problem of providing fresh fruits and berries to the population remains one of the most important. Based on actual data, linear and logarithmic models of time series of key industry indicators for the period 2010 – 2019 have been compiled. Calculations showed that in the Russian Federation as a whole the trend of reduction of sown areas of perennial fruit plantations will continue with growth of yield and gross fees. In this regard, the issues of distribution and introduction of gardens of intensive type are updated. An overview of the views of domestic scientists-gardeners on the concept of “intensive garden” is given. It has been established that the distribution of intensive gardens is possible only if there are favorable natural and climatic conditions and a developed scientific and production base of nursery management. The current state and problems of gardening in one of the leading regions – the Republic of Dagestan - are considered. A significant technological lag of region in the further development of intensive horticulture has been identified. Various directions of intensification process in horticulture as the main and necessary condition of growth of efficient and sustainable production are summarized.

Impact of LULC Changes on LST in Rajshahi District of Bangladesh: A Remote Sensing Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulla Al Kafy ◽  
Abdullah Al-Faisal ◽  
Mohammad Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
Md. Soumik Sikdar ◽  
Mohammad Hasib Hasan Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Lulc Changes ◽  
The Impact

Urbanization has been contributing more in global climate warming, with more than 50% of the population living in cities. Rapid population growth and change in land use / land cover (LULC) are closely linked. The transformation of LULC due to rapid urban expansion significantly affects the functions of biodiversity and ecosystems, as well as local and regional climates. Improper planning and uncontrolled management of LULC changes profoundly contribute to the rise of urban land surface temperature (LST). This study evaluates the impact of LULC changes on LST for 1997, 2007 and 2017 in the Rajshahi district (Bangladesh) using multi-temporal and multi-spectral Landsat 8 OLI and Landsat 5 TM satellite data sets. The analysis of LULC changes exposed a remarkable increase in the built-up areas and a significant decrease in the vegetation and agricultural land. The built-up area was increased almost double in last 20 years in the study area. The distribution of changes in LST shows that built-up areas recorded the highest temperature followed by bare land, vegetation and agricultural land and water bodies. The LULC-LST profiles also revealed the highest temperature in built-up areas and the lowest temperature in water bodies. In the last 20 years, LST was increased about 13ºC. The study demonstrates decrease in vegetation cover and increase in non-evaporating surfaces with significantly increases the surface temperature in the study area. Remote-sensing techniques were found one of the suitable techniques for rapid analysis of urban expansions and to identify the impact of urbanization on LST.

Nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from monoculture and rotational cropping of corn, soybean and winter wheat

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
C F Drury ◽  
X M Yang ◽  
W D Reynolds ◽  
N B McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Previous Crop

It is well established that nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from agricultural land are influenced by the type of crop grown, the form and amount of nitrogen (N) applied, and the soil and climatic conditions under which the crop is grown. Crop rotation adds another dimension that is often overlooked, however, as the crop residue being decomposed and supplying soluble carbon to soil biota is usually from a different crop than the crop that is currently growing. Hence, the objective of this study was to compare the influence of both the crop grown and the residues from the preceding crop on N2O and CO2 emissions from soil. In particular, N2O and CO2 emissions from monoculture cropping of corn, soybean and winter wheat were compared with 2 -yr and 3-yr crop rotations (corn-soybean or corn-soybean-winter wheat). Each phase of the rotation was measured each year. Averaged over three growing seasons (from April to October), annual N2O emissions were about 3.1 to 5.1 times greater in monoculture corn (2.62 kg N ha-1) compared with either monoculture soybean (0.84 kg N ha-1) or monoculture winter wheat (0.51 kg N ha-1). This was due in part to the higher inorganic N levels in the soil resulting from the higher N application rate with corn (170 kg N ha-1) than winter wheat (83 kg N ha-1) or soybean (no N applied). Further, the previous crop also influenced the extent of N2O emissions in the current crop year. When corn followed corn, the average N2O emissions (2.62 kg N ha-1) were about twice as high as when corn followed soybean (1.34 kg N ha-1) and about 60% greater than when corn followed winter wheat (1.64 kg N ha-1). Monoculture winter wheat had about 45% greater CO2 emissions than monoculture corn or 51% greater emissions than monoculture soybean. In the corn phase, CO2 emissions were greater when the previous crop was winter wheat (5.03 t C ha-1) than when it was soybean (4.20 t C ha-1) or corn (3.91 t C ha-1). Hence, N2O and CO2 emissions from agricultural fields are influenced by both the current crop and the previous crop, and this should be accounted for in both estimates and forecasts of the emissions of these important greenhouse gases. Key words: Denitrification, soil respiration, rotation, crop residue

Analiza modului de utilizare a terenurilor în Regiunea de Dezvoltare Nord a Republicii Moldova

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iurie Bejan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Current Mode ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Development Region ◽  
Agro Forestry

The land use has undergone some changes in the last 30 years, by reducing the areas with arable land, converting multi-annual plantations into other categories of land, etc. According to the current mode of land use, the Northern Development Region has a pronounced agricultural profile - 80.3% of the total area represents agricultural land. The spatial differentiations regarding the morphological and agro-climatic conditions allowed the identification within the region of areas with agro-forestry and agro-pastoral specializations.

Concentration and Nitrogen Stocks in the Soils of Semi-Arid Landscapes of Kizlyar Pastures

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Asvarova ◽  
Gasan N. Gasanov ◽  
Kabirat B. Gimbatova ◽  
Kamil M. Hajiev ◽  
Rashid R. Bashirov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Humus Horizon ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Current State ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Arid Landscapes ◽  
Semi Arid

The results of research on the current state of the nitrogen fund (reserve regime) the Kizlyar pastures. It was found that the total nitrogen ranges from 0.15-0.2 %, nitrogen easily hydrolyzed from 2.4-5.3 mg/100g in light-chestnut, meadow-chestnut soils and saline typical, and has a medium and low degree of security. The humus horizon is more enriched with nitrogen on soils of meadow-chestnut and light-chestnut compared to typical saline. N and C reserves in the soil in spring are 5.0 and 13.4 t/ha, respectively, and in autumn N and C reserves are 1.5 times lower, due to decrease the number of species and projected coverage up to 40-50% of phytocenoses in autumn, and also depends on the climatic conditions of the annual seasonality. In the control area with intensive grazing, nitrogen and carbon reserves in the soil are 1.6-1.8 times lower.

scholarly journals Anuran amphibians' diversity in a northwestern area of the Brazilian Pantanal

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 77-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Pansonato ◽  
Tamí Mott ◽  
Christine Strüssmann
Keyword(s):  
Field Trips ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Aquatic Habitats ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Anuran Amphibians ◽  
Flooded Area ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Seasonally Flooded ◽  
Brazilian Pantanal ◽  
Northwestern Area

In the Pantanal, the largest continuous floodplain in the world, the diversity and distribution of anuran amphibians vary in and across distinct subregions and distinct habitats occurring along inundation gradients. Permanent and natural aquatic habitats are relatively scarce in the Pantanal, and occurrence of temporary aquatic habitats varies seasonally, depending on rains. We here present results of evaluations of anuran's species richness and abundance in a seasonally flooded area in the northwestern section of the Pantanal (Fazenda Baía de Pedra, Cáceres municipality, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil), comparing values obtained in 10 plots systematically distributed over 5 km² with those obtained in additional aquatic plots in the study area. Data were obtained in five field trips, from February 2008 to March 2009. In addition to the plots, 36 water bodies (20 permanent and 16 temporary) were also sampled for the presence of anurans. In total, 3,983 individuals from 34 anuran species distributed in five families were recorded: Hylidae (14 species), Leptodactylidae (8), Leiuperidae (6), Microhylidae (4), and Bufonidae (2). Local richness represents 77.3% of the anuran diversity already recorded for the Brazilian Pantanal. The number of species recorded exclusively in systematically distributed terrestrial plots and in water bodies was 28 and 32, respectively. Sampling methods used at Fazenda Baía da Pedra were efficient in determining anuran richness, abundance, composition and distribution. Evaluations of anuran richness and abundance by using permanent sampling plots in the Pantanal may benefit from additional sampling sites, particularly permanent and temporary water bodies.

scholarly journals PROSPECTS FOR ORGANIC PRODUCTION MARKET DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE AND THE WORLD

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Olha KHAIETSKA
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Current State ◽  
Agricultural Enterprise ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
The World ◽  
Certified Organic

The article describes the current state of development of the world and domestic market of organic products, countries where there are the highest rates of development of certified production, countries with the highest consumption of organic products per capita and countries with the largest areas of organic agricultural land. The organic products market in Ukraine has been analyzed from the beginnings to the present state, indicating all stages of development and the problems that have arisen, as well as the basic laws on organic production, certified organic products, countries and companies operating on the domestic market. The area of land with organic status, the total number of certification bodies, the number of operators in this market in the regions of Ukraine is indicated. In the article a comparative analysis of Ukrainian organic production with world production is conducted, the countries-leaders for the areas occupied by organic production are specified. The list of certified in Ukraine types of organic products, which are consumed both on the domestic market and exported to different countries of the world, is determined. The article deals with the dynamics of the internal market of organic products for 2002-2017 years. The basic principles of organic agriculture, which focus on the preservation of the environment and natural resources, are presented and a mechanism for promoting organic production by agricultural enterprise. The benefits of this production are also described, including: health benefits, environmental, social and economic benefits. The urgent problems of the organic products market are determined, directions of state policy in the field of organic production are proposed, which will promote the development of organic production in Ukraine and the circulation of domestic organic products in the world.

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Agricultural Land Use Sustainability in the Post-Socialist Camp Countries: Methodological and Practical Aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-78
Author(s):  
Olena Kotykova ◽  
Mykola Babych
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Current State ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Given ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Integral Indicator

An effective implementation of the sustainable use of agricultural land program is impossible without reliable results of the current state of the problem. In this sense, the correct selection of indicators and methods for determining the level of stability is important. The authors proposes the definition of the agricultural land use sustainability integral indicator based on three methodological approaches: the construction of the indicators system, each of them reflects some aspects of the land use sustainability at the macro level (according to the specific issues); the construction of the integral indicator for comparing the countries’ land use sustainability. According to the given methods it has been proved that agricultural land use in the countries of the post-socialist camp has a positive dynamics, but the sustainability indicators for all indicators have not achieved yet. This study was supported in part by the Erasmus SUPPA program – Jean Monnet Associations Application No 611556-EPP-1-2019-1-UA-EPPJMO-SUPPA.

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