Modern exchange rate formation in a resource-oriented economy: the institutional dimension

There is an increasing need for in-depth theoretical and applied studies of the essence, structure and features of the formation of the exchange rate, the development of the mechanism of currency regulation in the Russian Federation, determining the degree of state regulation of currency relations, including due to the introduction of currency restrictions, clarifying the main criteria for the effectiveness of their application, as well as developing directions for improving the mechanism of currency regulation in the conditions of post-crisis economic development. The main purpose of this article was to consider the peculiarities of the formation of the exchange rate in a resource-oriented economy, which includes the Russian economy. The article uses general scientific methods, in particular, analysis, synthesis, comparison, as well as a systematic approach to the study of information. The value of the exchange rate for the economy is indicated. The main indicators of exchange rates and the main groups of factors affecting the exchange rate of the national currency are described.

TO THE ACTUAL ASPECTS OF ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF RUSSIAN ENTERPRISES OPERATING ABROAD

The uncertainty of the conditions of the market economy and its impact on the functioning of modern enterprises is characterized by instability and unpredictability of the external environment. The increase in the number of unprofitable enterprises, the severe impact of the crisis and pandemic, the threat of bankruptcy determine the importance of developing directions and measures that ensure the effectiveness of financial and economic activities, stable economic condition and economic security. In real time, the main aspects of economic security of various enterprises occupy an important place in the world economic science, which causes the interest and relevance of studying economic security issues from scientists from different countries.

The control optimization algorithm for automatic braking of a wheeled vehicle

Introduction (problem statement and relevance). One of the most promising and intensively developing directions in the automation field of road transport management is the creation of highly automated vehicles.The purpose of the study was to find a way to solve a wheeled vehicle safe automatic braking problem in terms of minimizing quality control of the quadratic functional and work out optimal software and hardware implementation of this system.Methodology and research methods. To solve the problem, the method of the control algorithm analytical design was used, basing on the use of the necessary conditions for minimizing the elements of the functional for the control law synthesis. The maximum deceleration value was due to the identified tire grip, and the deceleration threshold from which braking begins was selected as the minimum of the working deceleration and two decelerations depending on the rear obstacle distance.Scientific novelty and results. The tests of the developed function were carried out for the LADA Vesta vehicle equipped with an ABS valve body with the possibility of programmed control. The analysis of the research results showed that when solving the problem of safe automatic braking in front of an obstacle, the software limitation of braking deceleration did not allow wheel blocking and performed the functions of an anti-lock braking system at the permissible wheel slipping level; software backup of the distance calculation to the front obstacle from the moment of braking start allowed to prevent most of the situations with false data from the radar when the vehicle pecked during braking.Practical significance. Software tuning of mathematical models parameters of the engine, transmission and braking system allows you to adapt the automatic braking system to a wide class of vehicle models.

PROBLEMS OF ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF RUSSIAN ENTERPRISES OPERATING ABROAD

The uncertainty of the conditions of the market economy and its impact on the functioning of modern enterprises is characterized by instability and unpredictability of the external environment. The increase in the number of unprofitable enterprises, the severe impact of the crisis and pandemic, the threat of bankruptcy determine the importance of developing directions and measures that ensure the effectiveness of financial and economic activities, stable economic condition and economic security. In real time, the main aspects of economic security of various enterprises occupy an important place in the world economic science, which causes the interest and relevance of studying economic security issues from scientists from different countries.

Application of user dew agent in hybrid-computing environments

In recent years, research in Dew computing as a new layer in the vertical hierarchy of scalable computing has been developing. Directions for the development of this technology include research into the possibilities of Dew computing and its applications. Our research belongs to the second direction. We use this technology in a package of applied microservices for solving complex problems of the qualitative study of binary dynamic systems based on the Boolean constraint method in a hybrid cloud environment. This environment includes on-premises, high-performance, and cloud resources. In this paper, the usage of Dew computing technology in a hybrid cloud environment is discussed. A user dew agent installed on an on-premises resource is proposed to provide the possibility of the applied microservices package collaboration with cloud services in a hybrid cloud environment. The advantages of using a user dew agent are considered. The architecture, functionality, operation modes, and the installation of the dew agent are presented.

Directions of socio-economic development of the municipality

In the article, the author considered theoretical issues and practical aspects of developing directions for the socio-economic development of the municipality. It is justified а sequence of stages of strategic planning of the socio-economic development of the municipality was proposed and the initial conditions were analyzed using SWOT analysis, the result of which was the choice of areas that are most significant when creating forecasts of the socio-economic development of the municipality. The author identified the main problems of the city, which impede the improvement of indicators of socio-economic development and proposed directions for the socio-economic development of the municipality.

Behavioral modelling of subjects in legal cases-games with imperfect rationality

Game theory, applied in various fields, including in law, studies conflict game models and searches for their formatted solutions, makes it possible to solve many tasks and problems, predict the behaviour of subjects in various situations, thereby explaining the behavior logic of the individuals in conflict of interests. However, human behavior is not always rational (reasonable), moreover, it can be difficult to predict which strategy the player will choose when making his move in the game. In this regard, it is advisable to consider rational behavior as an accepted and reasonable behavior of game participants and irrational behavior as deviant, unpredictable behavior of players, which relies on the internal regulation of a person (beliefs, intuition, creativity, feelings, emotions, etc.) and which studies one of the developing directions of game theory in modern science – evolutionary game theory. The study aims to determine the types of irrational behavior of players, which puts other players in a difficult position and precludes from determining each other’s optimal strategies for mutual benefit and stability, using the example of legal incidents modeling through games with imperfect rationality. The authors believe, that to achieve this goal using the methods of analysis and modeling, the imperfections of rationality can be considered and studied, the types of irrational behavior of players can be defined using the games with imperfect calculation of the game, imperfect information and changes in goals during the game (with a multipersonal representation of the game) and a complete absence of rationality.

Improving the Efficiency of the Food Industry in Baikal Region

The relevance of the article is due to the fact that the food industry is one of the backbone elements of the Russian economy. The role of the industry in providing the population of the country with food products, its close ties with agriculture and its participation in the formation of the export potential determine its strategic importance. An efficient, highly productive, dynamically growing food industry is a priority in achieving high national competitiveness and ensuring the economic security of the state. The development of the food industry is an important priority for the Baikal region, given its social significance, its importance in the total volume of industrial products sold and the export of the region’s goods. The issues of developing directions for increasing the efficiency of the food industry enterprises that correspond to the specifics of the modern stage of its development in Russia and the regions and the urgent tasks of the state policy remain relevant. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current state and determine characteristic trends in the development of the food industry using the example of the Baikal region. On the basis of the carried out analysis, the article formulates recommendations for improving the efficiency of the food industry in the Baikal region: formation of a cluster of food and agricultural products; creation of an innovative infrastructure; development of marketing strategy, etc.

DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM AND RECREATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE STRATEGIC LEADERSHIP PROGRAM OF RUSSIAN UNIVERSITIES AND THE NATIONAL PROJECT «EDUCATION»

From 2021 to 2031, an innovative project of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation will begin to be implemented, aimed at the formation of strategic leadership of the country’s higher educational institutions on the basis of partnership between them. The article discusses the possibilities of developing directions of training in the field of tourism and recreation on the basis of the Saratov State University named after N.G. Chernyshevsky, the potential of the university and the region is analyzed based on the criteria laid down by the program. It also examines the main problems and paradoxes that hinder the development of professionalization of the tourism industry in the Saratov region. In conclusion, conclusions are drawn about the need to develop new approaches to the professional development of graduates for tourism and recreation through greater participation in the promotion of knowledge and technology, as well as the training of innovative researchers.