Distinct Outcomes of Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients after Distant Failure According to p16 Status: Implication in Therapeutic Options

Introduction: Recent modifications in the epidemiology of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have led to the increase of Human papillomavirus (HPV) related metastatic head and neck cancer patients with high life expectancy even at advanced stage, low comorbidity and still restricted systemic therapy opportunities. In the recent era of ablative therapies’ development, oligometastatic HPV OSCC patients are indubitably good candidates for intensified treatment. However, data related to outcomes after optimised management of metastatic sites are dramatically missing. Materials and patients: In our cohort of 186 unselected consecutive OSCC patients treated with curative intent at our institution between 2009 and 2013, we analysed the incidence, treatment and outcomes of distant metastatic (DM) failure according to p16 status. Results: After a median follow-up of 4.2 years (95% CI: 3.8–4.4) from primary diagnosis of OSCC, 21/95 p16− patients (22.1%) vs. 8/91 (8.8%) p16+ patients presented DM failure with a median interval of 11 (range 0–46) and 28 months (range 0–71), respectively (p = 0.10). Overall survival (OS) after DM failure was significantly higher in p16+ patients with a two-year OS rate of 75% and 15% for p16+ and p16−, respectively (p = 0.002). In eight HPV-related metastatic patients, three underwent ablative lung metastasis treatment and are still complete responders four to five years later. Conclusion: This study highlights distinct outcomes of metastatic HPV-related OSCC patients emphasised by three long-term complete responders after lung ablative treatment. In patients with high life expectancy and limited tumour burden, the question of ablative treatment such as metastasectomy or stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SBRT) should be addressed.

MODELING EAST JAVA INDONESIA LIFE EXPECTANCY USING SEMIPARAMETRIC REGRESSION MIXED SPLINE TRUNCATED AND FOURIER SERIES

Life expectancy is one of the indicators used to evaluate the government’s performance in improving the well-being of the population. High life expectancy in an area indicates that people in the area have been assured of health and poverty has been well overcome, and vice versa. Based on national socioeconomic survey (SUSENAS) data, showing life expectancy in East Java Province from 2009 to 2013 increased by 69.15 years to 70,19 years. Although overall life expectancy in East Java province has increased, there are still some areas that have life expectancy below 65 years. This is not from the different characteristics of each religion. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to model life expectancy in East Java using semiparametric regression with a mixed estimator of Spline Truncated and Fourier Series. Based on the research that has been done, the results that modeling the data of life expectancy using mixed estimator of Spline Truncated and Fourier Series produced a value of R2 of 99,62% which means that the predictor variables are able to explain the response variabel life expectancy of 99.62%.

What's causing it? The rise of Individual-choice norms

Many factors are contributing to secularization, including reactions against fundamentalists’ unconditional support for authoritarian politicians, against the Roman Catholic Church’s long history of covering up child abuse, and against terrorism by religious extremists. But one generally overlooked reason for accelerating secularization is the decline of pro-fertility norms. All major religions encourage these norms, which help societies replace their populations when facing high infant mortality and low life expectancy. These norms require people to suppress strong drives, but with low infant mortality and high life expectancy they are no longer are needed. After an intergenerational time lag, pro-fertility norms are giving way to individual-choice norms supporting gender equality and tolerance of divorce, abortion, and homosexuality. Pro-fertility norms are so strongly linked with traditional religious worldviews that abandoning them undermines religiosity.

Outsurvival as a measure of the inequality of lifespans between two populations

Background: Inequality in lifespans between two populations, e.g., males and females or people with low and high SES, is a focus of demographic, economic and sociological research and of public policy analysis. Inequality is usually measured by differences in life expectancy.Objective: To devise a cogent measure of how much distributions of lifespans differ between two populations.Results: We propose an outsurvival statistic, φ, that measures the probability that an individual from a population with low life expectancy will live longer than an individual from a population with high life expectancy. This statistic can also be interpreted as an underdog probability—the chance that a random value from a distribution with a low mean will exceed a random value from a distribution with a higher mean.Contribution: Our outsurvival probability complements life expectancy to provide a more nuanced view of the inequality of lifespans between two populations. Our similar underdog probability provides a perspective on the more general question of how different two distributions are.

Apps “SIPITUNG”: Flipped-classroom training in basic cardiopulmonary life support

Background: The high number of Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) worldwide, and Indonesia is not followed by high life expectancy and bystander. The role of bystander influences the high life expectancy on OHCA. The flipped learning method can increase knowledge and skills and the success of flipped learning.Objective: This study aimed to develop and test Aplikasi Hadapi Henti Jantung (Sipitung) app on the flipped classroom method in learning Basic Life Support more effectively to increase knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy.Method: The design of this research was Research and Development (R&D). This design consisted of 3 stages; stage I (literature study), stage II (application development), and stage III (application trial).Results: Based on the results of the literature review conducted following the American Heart Association guidelines on cardiac arrest, basic life support on adults required learning media that combines text, video, and audio. 4 features were included in developing and creating applications. In the experimental process, the researchers compared learning methods using flipped classroom with simulations in increasing knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy.Conclusion: "SIPITUNG" application in the flipped classroom method was an effective basic life support learning medium to improve knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy.

Getting to know japan: an age-friendly environment country

This paper describes the relationship between natural conditions in Japan with the high life expectancy of the elderly in Japan. The purpose of this study is to find out the influence of nature with the high life expectancy of the elderly. Data are collected through the library study method. The data will go through a process of text reading, reducing, and drawing conclusions. Based on this research, the results show that water, air, natural food, natural beauty, and environmental cleanliness are natural factors that influence the high life expectancy of the elderly in Japan.

Choumiryou dan Harapan Hidup Orang Jepang

The life expectancy of Japanese is the highest in the world, an average of 83 - 84 years. This makes Japan a world role model in order to be able to live long and healthy lives. Many factors influence the high life expectancy of Japanese, one of which is food. Japanese food or washoku (和 食) has already become widely known and widely accepted. Along with this, Japanese basic ingredients or choumiryou (調味 料) are becoming well known. The purpose of this study is to describe the influence of choumiryou on the high life expectancy of Japanese. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The results of this study indicate that basic choumiryou has a large influence on the health of Japanese people. Although some basic spices are not good for health, this does not prevent Japanese from consuming them. Japanese consume choumiryou in a safe portion that does not damage health. In addition, the role of the basic choumiryou in the high life expectancy of Japanese people can also be seen from various kinds of substances that are good for health contained in the basic sashisuseso choumiryou. The taste of choumiryou has always been maintained by the Japanese for the sake of acquiring a distinctive Japanese flavor that has a characteristic soft taste.

The Importance of Oral Transmission Health Information and Knowledge for Healthy Ageing and High Life Expectancy: The Case of the Mazungunye Community, Masvingo Province, Zimbabwe

The low life expectancy in Zimbabwe is attributed to poverty and inaccessibility to health care services. Despite these challenges, some people have lived for more than 80 years because of a lifestyle informed by the consistent implementation of age-old orally-transmitted health information and knowledge. The culturally-transmitted health information includes advice on proper nutrition and medical practices, which leads to healthy ageing and high life expectancy. The purpose of this study was to explore the importance of the transmission of health information and knowledge for healthy ageing and a high life expectancy. Furthermore, this study sought to describe the impact of orally-transmitted information on healthy ageing and high life expectancy. A qualitative approach was followed with exploratory and descriptive designs. The findings of the study indicated that the transmission of health information plays a crucial role in promoting healthy ageing and high life expectancy. Additionally, people who have had access to such information and knowledge have a sense of diligence concerning implementing this knowledge, and this contributes to a long and healthy life. The transmission of health information and knowledge is of paramount importance for the health of present generations. The study recommends that this information be documented, since the passing away of critical holders of such information leads to its distortion.