A treatment strategy for meeting life as it is. Patients’ and therapists’ experiences of brief therapy in a district psychiatric centre: A qualitative study

Background Young adults increasingly seek help for mental health problems. In 2016, a district psychiatric centre in Norway started a brief treatment program to provide early and effective help for moderate depression and anxiety. Aim Exploring patients’ and therapists’ experiences of brief therapy, especially how the time limitation influences the treatment process. Methods Individual interviews with 12 patients and focus group interviews with eight therapists analyzed using systematic text condensation. Results The results constitute five themes: (1) Time-limit as a frame for targeted change, (2) Clarifying expectations and accountability, (3) Shared agreement on a defined treatment-project, (4) Providing tools instead of searching for causes, and (5) Learning to cope—not being cured. Conclusion Time-limitation in brief therapy appeared to play a positive role, helping the therapists to structure the therapeutic process and strengthening patients’ motivation. Shared understanding and activation during brief therapy may reinforce patients’ responsibility and expectations to achieve individual goals. Brief therapy can be viewed as the start of a personal process towards “mastering life as it is”. More research is needed to investigate the patients’ long-term outcomes after treatment and to shed light on the potential for, and limitations of, mastering everyday-life.

Photogram: The Art of Recording Shapes in Photography as Media for Enhaching Creativity in Children's Communication

Photogram is a technique that produces images without using a camera as an image recording aid. However, it makes more use of sunlight and chemicals as recording materials. The photos from this photogram are in the form of a silhouette or an outline of the object being recorded. Considering the dangers of chemicals for children, using natural dyes is friendlier to them. Therefore, the process of conveying messages through photographs by children can run well. This study aims to analyze the 4P elements (Personal, Process, Press, Product) of photogram's work as an enhancer of creativity in children's communication. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach which will elaborate the data by describing them into sentences. The technique of collecting data is in the form of observing photogram works, documenting the work and looking for references through literature study. The photographic works produced by the children will be studied in terms of creativity by describing the 4P elements. Apart from that through the photographic works produced by these children, it can be concluded that creativity arises because of one's own interaction with the environment which is then processed and supported by the people around them and the environment so that it becomes creative photogram work. It is also intended that photogram can become an alternative media in honing children's creativity in communicating with their environment.

Offender Recovery. Forensic Patient Perspectives on Long-Term Personal Recovery Processes

Knowledge on user experiences from mentally disordered offenders (MDOs) is still limited in a Danish context, especially regarding recovery from offences, severe mental illness, long-term admissions and often involuntarily contact with hospital psychiatry. The study is based on 34 semi-structured interviews with nine forensic patients exploring their experiences with personal recovery processes. The MDOs point out a significant number of elements and factors enhancing, supporting and limiting personal recovery processes. Long-term recovery processes for MDOs involve coming to terms with mental disorders as well as offences. Working with offender recovery implies addressing and understanding the index offence leading to psychiatric measurement as well as addressing risk and prevention of future crime. This coming to terms is an individual and deeply personal process and it often involves several and changing narratives. According to the informants, professionals play a crucial role in supporting recovery processes and maintaining hope and optimism over time. MDOs experience structural barriers limiting recovery potential, especially stigma or limited areas of participation. It is important not to focus solely on personal recovery as a one-dimensional individual process or responsibility, but as a process also marked by structural and organisational challenges.

‘Companioning’ in artistic inquiry: Warren Lett and the role of personal process in research

This article explores the unique features of Warren Lett’s practice of companioning and its significance within the international community of artistic inquiry. Emphasis is given to the role of personal process as research content and its inseparable relationship to reality. The author’s experiences with this aspect of research are compared to Lett’s work. The article also explores the parallel developments of integrated arts therapy in the United States and multimodal arts therapy in Australia, both grounded in an integral, multisensory and whole art experience that contrasts to the silos of specialized arts therapy disciplines.

Experiências de Estudantes de Psicologia ao Conduzir Grupos com outros Universitários

This research aimed to understand the experiences of processes in the clinical listening of Psychology undergraduate students in conducting intervention groups with other university students, seeking to describe the meanings of these experiences for the formation of these students; point out crossings involved; identify possible knowledge, skills and attitudes developed, the challenges faced and the learning gains. In an interventional phenomenological perspective, the method of collaborative hermeneutics was used. In 14 supervisory meetings, collaborators were a psychologist, a professor and eight psychology undergraduate students conducting two intervention groups with university undergraduate students. The instrument used was the Version of Sense and the results indicated that the students experienced personal growth and professional development, were enchanted by Psychology; and crossed by the psychosocial realities of the students attended, but managed, with their own limits, to recognize the need for a personal process and to internalize the basis of a professional identity matrix; they learned the method systematics; supervisors and colleagues were essential in the process of improving listening. Therefore, stand out the need for support networks for university undergraduate students and improvements in the qualification process of the Psychology student, aiming at their future entry into the job market. Palavras-chave : Listening; University Suffering; Formation of the Psychologist; School Service; Phenomenological Research.

The importance of perception of occupational risk to reduce the accident phenomenon: an analysis of the variables

The perception of risk is to be understood as the ability to identify a source of danger as soon as possible. It is a personal process, so it is we who decide to face or avoid the risk situation in a subjective way. This process conditions actions, behaviors, assessments, choices about an entity or a potentially dangerous situation. The subjective perception of risk is not linear and is not directly proportional to the increase in the dangers; it is subject to influences and distortions and is linked to psychological, cultural and social aspects. Not always all aspects of a risky situation are perceived and this can lead to an overestimation or underestimation of the risk. I reported the main studies that analyzed the correlation between risk perception and some variables: Being employed or not, gender, socio-political factors, age, level of education, income level, training and perception of risk, health status, knowledge of risk, previous injuries, possibility of job control and perception of risk, work experience / seniority, attitude in the workplace, exposure to risk factors, tasks in the same workplace, adoption of adequate protective behaviors, job satisfaction- Thinking about safety from a technical and technological point of view is certainly very important but it is not a sufficient condition, behind every accident we have an individual who makes decisions for which it is fundamental, in order to address the issue of health and safety in a integrated, also consider the man variable in its entirety.

An interpretive phenomenological analysis of formative feedback in anesthesia training: the residents’ perspective

Background Consistent formative feedback is cornerstone to competency-by-design programs and evidence-based approaches to teaching and learning processes. There has been no published research investigating feedback from residents’ perspectives. We explored the value residents place on feedback in routine operating room settings, their experiences, and understanding of the role of feedback in their training and developing professional identity. Methods Interpretive phenomenological analysis of residents’ experiences with feedback received in clinical settings involved two focus groups with 14 anesthesia residents at two time points. Analysis was completed in the context of a teaching hospital adapting to new practices to align with nationally mandated clinical competencies. Focus group conversations were transcribed and interpreted through the lens of a social constructivist approach to learning as a dynamic inter- and intra-personal process, and evidence-based assessment standards set by the International Test Commission (ITC). Results Residents described high quality feedback as consistent, effortful, understanding of residents’ thought processes, and containing actionable advice for improvement. These qualities of effective evaluation were equally imperative for informal and formal evaluations. Residents commented that highest quality feedback was received informally, and formal evaluations often lacked what they needed for their professional development. Conclusion Residents have a deep sense of what promotes their learning. Structured feedback tools were seen positively, although the most important determinants of their impact were faculty feedback- and broader evaluation-skills and motivations for both formal and informal feedback loops.

The Crucible of Adolescence

This chapter investigates how social influence is a formidable force operating across many arenas of human experience, including adolescence. To describe adolescence as a crucible is to think about it not only as a particular phase of life between the ages of thirteen and nineteen, but also a social milieu where intense interaction has powerful effects on people's ways of thinking, acting, and being. Even as teenagers are engaged in a deeply personal process of self-discovery over the adolescent period, they are profoundly influenced and shaped by those around them. Given the power of peer influence to shape who we are, extending the period of intensive youth interaction in the first half of the twentieth century to include the adolescent years was a portentous development. More than a simple extension, it represented a major shift in the developmental process because of important differences between childhood and the teenage years.

Seeking theory-practice relations between humanities and fine-arts through practice of painting

In recent years different art and design institutions around the world are increasingly looking at developing programs that are research intensive. Along with this trend, doctoral programs that are art and design practice based are becoming progressively common. There are several debates around the nature and significance of art and design practice as research (Sullivan 2005 Borgdorff, 2010, Eriksson 2010). Many have doubts about the exact nature of knowledge contribution made by these PhD theses. One distinct aspect common to all these programs is that these consider creation of art or design artefacts a part of the research process. This paper will discuss some theoretical view-points and philosophical speculations such as discourse on material of art, performance embodiment, cultural-scientific knowledge behind creation of artefact. The aim is to show that the process oriented and performative aspects of art-practice can come into a meaningful dialogue with traditional humanities. In the present article the author/artist has drawn from the writings of art-historian James Elkins (2000) and philosopher Merleau-Ponty (1964,1993,2008) to analyze her own work and devise a methodology of artistic research. The proposed methodology consists of two theoretical lens that are used to contextualize artist’s work: phenomenology (Merleau-Ponty 1964, 1993, 2008) and elements of auto-ethnography (Alvesson 2003). Thus, this paper develops a methodology that contextualizes artist’s intensely personal process of creation and critically evaluate this process. The result is a methodology of artistic research that can be a bridge between creative performance and critical research.