High Linearity DC-38 GHz CMOS SPDT Switch

In this paper, we demonstrate a low-loss and high-linearity DC-38 GHz CMOS SPDT switch for 5G multi-band communications in 0.18 μm CMOS. Traveling-wave matching (CLCL network) is used for the output-port (ports 2 and 3) matching and isolation enhancement, while π-matching (CLC matching) is adopted for the input-port (port 1) matching. Positive/negative gate-bias is adopted for linearity enhancement because larger Pin (i.e., AC signal with larger negative Vin) is required to conduct the off-state series switch transistor. Negative-body bias is used for insertion-loss reduction because the off-state series switch transistor is closer to an open state. The SPDT switch achieves insertion loss of 0.4–1.4 dB, 3.6–4.3 dB, and 4.5–5.9 dB, respectively, for DC-6 GHz, 21–29 GHz, and 31–38 GHz. Moreover, the SPDT switch achieves isolation of 37.5–59.4 dB, 25.7–28.7 dB, and 24.3–25.2 dB, respectively, for DC-6 GHz, 21–29 GHz, and 31–38 GHz. At 28 GHz, the SPDT switch achieves remarkable input 1-dB compression point (IP1dB) of 25.6 dBm, close to the simulated one (28 dBm). To the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the best IP1dB results ever reported for millimeter-wave (mm-wave) SPDT switches.

Application of Sh S-Wave Data in Lithologic Trap Identification

The biogas lithologic reservoirs in Sanhu Area of the Qaidam Basin has a broad exploration prospect, however, the demands of structural implementation and reservoir prediction can hardly be met with the existing P-wave seismic data due to the thin thickness of single sandstone layers, the rapid lateral changes and the low prediction accuracy of lithologic reservoirs. The SH-wave data has a higher resolution ability in lithology prediction. I can better reflect the lateral change features of formations. Because few SH-wave logging data are available and they are in accurate in the current study area, the SH-wave velocity is estimated through petrophysical modeling and the calibration and horizon interpretation of the SH-wave data are realized combined with the P- and SH-wave matching technology. Through the inversion of S-wave data,the lithological distribution of formations are predicted in combination with the comrehensive analysis of P-wave data, which provides a favorable basis for the survey of lithologic gas reservoir in the research area and achieves a good good result. In this way,a set of reservoir prediction methods and processes suitable for the shallow biogas lithological exploration in the Sanhu Area have formed initially.

A general algorithm for computing bound states in infinite tight-binding systems

We propose a robust and efficient algorithm for computing bound states of infinite tight-binding systems that are made up of a finite scattering region connected to semi-infinite leads. Our method uses wave matching in close analogy to the approaches used to obtain propagating states and scattering matrices. We show that our algorithm is robust in presence of slowly decaying bound states where a diagonalization of a finite system would fail. It also allows to calculate the bound states that can be present in the middle of a continuous spectrum. We apply our technique to quantum billiards and the following topological materials: Majorana states in 1D superconducting nanowires, edge states in the 2D quantum spin Hall phase, and Fermi arcs in 3D Weyl semimetals.

New Combined CFD and Model Testing Technique for Identification of Wave Impact Loads on a Semisubmersible

A procedure is presented describing how to estimate realistic loads using combined numerical and model test data. Measured platform motions are imposed on the structure during the CFD analysis. The combination of the wave matching procedure with the imposed measured platform motion gives a very good numerical reproduction of the observed extreme event. The numerical reproduction of model test events provide all necessary information on the hydrodynamic loads for further structure analysis. This represents an improvement in industry design applications. Imposing the measured motion from regular wave model test into CFD simulation is validated by comparison of relative wave height time series. This comparison shows a very good agreement between the measured and the simulated time series. Existing model test data from irregular model test and CFD generated numerical wave are compared. A wave matching procedure has been developed, which shows very promising results with respect to reproducing critical hydrodynamic conditions observed during the model tests. This paper presents a case study how CFD can be used to enhance model test data in an efficient way to provide the critical hydrodynamic conditions for structure analysis. Comparison of the measured free surface elevation of the calibrated waves with the time series of the numerical waves, as well as the measured and simulated relative wave probes time series and the slamming load time series show that the applied numerical wave events show similar physical conditions as those observed in the model test. The effect of the platform motion on the impact force is identified by comparison of the impact force time series of the simulation with and without platform motion against model test time series. The results demonstrate that the approach provides a clear improvement compared to numerical or model testing alone. The observed steep wave events are numerically reproduced in a simplified manner, instead of trying to reproduce measured events directly. This approach significantly reduces the computational time, as well as computational costs, to an industrially acceptable level. Traditional load estimation is not able to provide such reliable detailed local load history for structural design purpose at areas exposed to wave impacts. This new procedure, where CFD simulates realistic breaking waves with coupling to measured vessel motion, offers new possibilities for the design of structures subject to risk of wave impact loading.

Guided Wave Matching Layer Using a Quarter of Wavelength Technique

Matching layers of acoustic impedance are intensively studied in ultrasonic transducers for the efficiency of wave transmission. Large impedance mismatch between the active element of piezo and parent material in long range ultrasonic is also expected to have the similar affects on the ratio of the transmitted and reflected waves which can cause high reflection at the interface that result acoustic wave ringing and indicate low transmitted energy for inspection over large areas. This simulation study present analysis of Lamb wave propagation through a single matching layer from a piezoelectric transducers. It explains transmitted waves into aluminum plate using different materials of matching plates at thickness of quarter wavelength. Four matching plates with close to the computed value of acoustic impedance had been used in FEM simulations to study effect of the matching layers on the transmitted Lamb wave in aluminum plate. The results indicated slightly different phenomenon of multiple wave reflections from the transmitted S0 and A0 modes at boundary of the matching layer.