Implementation of communication and interaction management in distributed environmental projects

The object of research is the management of communication processes that occur between different stakeholders in project activities in the implementation of distributed environmental projects. The research is based on the application of the basic provisions of communication management in project management methodologies, including Green Project Management used to study the features and factors influencing individual processes in distributed environmental projects. The paper also applies the current provisions, methodological approaches to set theory and systems analysis (to formalize management processes, development of system models); classical and applied project management standards; expert evaluation methods for quantitative evaluation of criteria; methods of mathematical modeling, etc. The information base of the research is statistical data on the implementation of projects, the results of own research. The main hypothesis of the study is the assumption that a significant impact on the outcome of the implementation of distributed environmental projects is determined by the successful management of communications between stakeholders in the development and implementation of the project. Because the formation of an effective communication management mechanism in distributed environmental projects ensures the receipt of the project product with minimal risks. The interrelation of management of communications and interactions in the distributed projects and features of application of the concept of Green Project Management for management of nature protection projects is shown. Peculiarities of interaction management in distributed environmental projects are analyzed. The method of interaction management in nature distribution distributed projects is offered. The method of creation of a communication platform for realization of the coordinated management of communications in the distributed projects is offered. With the help of the method it is possible to coordinate the planned actions of the project participants on a set of compromise and related solutions to implement the tasks that are the best results of the project in accordance with the functions for benefits. It is shown to increase the efficiency of the interaction management process in distributed environmental projects to ensure effective communication in the interaction of stakeholders in distributed environmental projects under the condition of unclear information about the real state of the level of achievement of stakeholder expectations.

DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL VOLUNTEERING IN EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

Рассмотрены проблемы развития экологических добровольческих практик в общеобразовательных организациях. Обосновывается предположение, что вовлечение обучающихся в создание и реализацию социально-значимых экологических проектов способствует формированию гражданской позиции школьников и становится эффективным инструментом их социализации. Эмпирическую базу статьи составляет исследование, проведенное Федеральным центром дополнительного образования и организации отдыха и оздоровления детей. Материалы данного исследования вводятся в научный оборот впервые. This article is devoted to the problems of the development of environmental volunteer practices in educational organizations. The assumption is substantiated that the involvement of students in the creation and implementation of socially significant environmental projects contributes to the formation of the civic position of schoolchildren and becomes an effective tool for socialization. The empirical basis of the article is a study conducted by the Federal Center for Continuing Education and Organization of Recreation and Recreation of Children. The materials of this research are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.

On the issue of legal environment of the application of green bonds for the development of organic production in Ukraine

The article presents a scientific and theoretical analysis of the legislation that introduces green bonds as a tool for financing organic production, as well as identifies ways for its improvement. It is determined that a new type of securities – green bonds, can become one of the tools to support the development of organic agricultural production. It is proved that the allocation of environmental projects as a direction, which involve the use of funds raised from the issuance of green bonds, organic farming, is debatable, given the lack of normative definition of this concept, which may complicate the implementation of legislation and compliance with green bond issuance standards (Green Bond Principles). Based on the analysis of legal doctrine in terms of defining the concepts of «organic farming», «organic crop», «organic production», as well as features of organic production, it is concluded that organic crop, livestock, aquaculture fully meet the categories of environmental projects GBR principles (such as: ecologically sustainable agriculture, animal husbandry and aquaculture; agricultural technologies that do not harm the climate, etc.) It is proposed to set out the first paragraph of Part 2 of Art. 18 of the Law of Ukraine «On Capital Markets and Organized Commodity Markets» as follows: «environmental project is a project in the field of alternative energy, energy efficiency, minimization of waste generation, utilization and processing, introduction of environmentally friendly transport, organic production, conservation of flora and fauna, water and land resources, adaptation to climate change, and another project, aimed at protecting the environment, implementing environmental standards, reducing emissions into the environment». Keywords: government support, green bonds, legal support, environmental project, organic production, organic farming, organic products

Collaborations in Environmental Initiatives for an Effective “Adaptive Governance” of Social–Ecological Systems: What Existing Literature Suggests

Moving from the scientific literature on the evaluation of environmental projects and programs, this study identifies how and under which conditions collaborations in environmentally sustainable projects are considered effective for the adaptive governance of SES. The method adopted is a systematic literature review based on the quantitative and qualitative analysis of 56 articles selected through specific queries on the SCOPUS database and published from 2004 to 2020. Results of the quantitative analysis identify conditions able to evaluate collaborations, highlighting the need to adopt a transdisciplinary approach analysing both social and ecological challenges and assessing both social and ecological results. Moreover, they suggest preferring using primary data involving multi-sector and multi-scale actors and enlarging the geographical context to the most vulnerable countries. The results of the qualitative analysis provide specific recommendations for collaborations being effective when related to communication, equity, foresight, and respect, which need to be further strengthened by all actors. Multiplicity in visions and approaches should be seen as a resource able to stimulate creativity in social arrangements and environmental practices, making collaborations in environmental projects instrumental for the effectiveness of adaptive governance of SES.

Deficit Lay or Deficit Expert: How Do “Experts” in Environmental Projects Perceive Lay People and Lay Knowledge?

This research reveals expert perceptions of lay people and lay knowledge in environmental projects, such as information giving activities, research projects, and environmental planning projects. A semistructured interview method was employed with six researchers from a university in Sweden. Although the expert–lay relationship has traditionally been discussed within a “deficit model,” many experts in this research expressed a more positive view of lay people and lay knowledge; however, situations where lay knowledge was considered useful varied. The experts’ motivation for communication was analyzed within the four communication modes of education, responding, supplementing, and dialogue. Their recognition of the “deficit expert” was one of the remarkable findings: the experts acknowledged their knowledge and competence in understanding “reality” had its limitations and questioned the objectivity and universality of science in relation to environmental science.

Eco system and a food chain as a model for eco design

Environmental problems are becoming the most important issue under consideration in all areas of our lives today. Designers have begun to develop zero-impact products, create “green” projects, and use both energy-efficient materials and innovative technologies in order to solve pollution issues. This article discusses an eco-design model based on an eco-system. The authors make analysis of general requirements for environmental projects. They give interesting solutions to environmental problems, where the main goal is to achieve harmony in the "man-nature" system.

Program and Project Approaches to Solving Large-Scale Environmental Problems

The article discusses the federal program “Ecology of the Angara-Yenisei region (AYR)”. The description of the systemic synthesis of different approaches to the assessment of the program of restoration and preservation of the natural complex of the Yenisei, as the skeletal basis of the ecological-assimilation potential of AEP is given. The necessity of taking into account the uncertainty factor when evaluating large-scale environmental projects is substantiated. Purpose of the study. Show that the effects of large-scale projects affect the very scenario of economic development, in this regard, it is incorrect to use the primitive integration of an alternative (strategy) into the same scenario, it is shown that it is necessary to evaluate the “project – scenario” relationship. Materials and methods. The authors propose to use three levels of assessment for evaluating large-scale projects: macro level, meso level and micro level. This classification allows you to gradually reduce the level of uncertainty. The information obtained at the previous level of assessment is the source for the lower level. Results. At the first stage, the judgments of the experts were processed using computer products developed at the IEIE. At the second step, the National Project “Ecology of Russia” was analyzed, consisting of 11 federal projects, and a mathematical model was developed for the multicriteria problem of optimal cost management of the project, taking into account the uncertainty factor. The result of the third step was the creation of a hybrid model for assessing large-scale environmental projects from a logical-heuristic model based on expert information and an economic-mathematical model. Analogs of such models, created with the participation of the authors, work in the evaluation of large-scale railway projects. This refers to a family of semi-dynamic optimization models, which have been tested to varying degrees in solving meso-level problems, both in planned and market economies. Moreover, on the basis of one of the versions of this family, a medical-ecological-economic model was developed, and with its help, a scenario analysis of the development of the subjects of the Asian part of Russia was carried out. Conclusion. The article provides a brief description of the functionality and the need to use the appropriate mathematical and software tools as the stages of large-scale projects progress from concept to implementation.

Empirical Analysis of “GHG Emission Avoidance” Calculation for Selection of Sustainable Environmental Projects

Innovative environmental projects, selected for co-financing, must contribute to the green recovery of Europe’s economy and maintain the momentum in its transition to climate neutrality. However, measuring overall sustainable environmental efficiency of a project is a complex matter. The “GHG emission avoidance” indicator, which began to appear in the award criteria of the environmentally oriented tenders of the European cohesion policy for the Programme period 2021-2027, enables the allocation of funds based on the achieved environmental benefits. The purpose of this paper is to present theoretical background and practical calculation of the “GHG emission avoidance” indicator. An absolute and relative indicator is analysed, with which investors quantitatively evaluate the potential for avoiding emissions, generated in the case of project implementation. The research part of this article is presented through case study of a project in the sector of glass, ceramics and building materials in energy-intensive industry, in which contribution of the selected sustainable project to the EU vision for a climate-neutral economy is demonstrated.