Practice Patterns and Learning Curve in Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach With Neuromonitoring

ObjectivesIntraoperative neuromonitoring has not been routinely applied in early experience with the transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA). Because the preparation and surgical interventions are much different from conventional thyroidectomies, most endocrine surgeons willing to adapt to TOETVA lack access to information regarding the practice pattern and proficiency in the learning curve. We aimed to investigate the outcomes and to define the learning curve for TOETVA in this study.MethodsA retrospective analysis was used on patients who underwent TOETVA at our hospital between December 2016 and July 2019. The cumulative sum graphic model was used to implement the learning curve as a surrogate for procedural proficiency.ResultsThe 119 patients had a mean age of 44.65 years and a mean body mass index of 22.49 k/m2, including 107 women, 20 thyroiditis, and 106 hemithyroidectomy. The learning curve revealed two phases, an initial (35 cases) and a mature (84 cases) phase, for surgeons based on operation time (144.2 vs. 114.2 min, p = 0.0001). There were more bilateral thyroidectomies (15.5% vs. 0, p = 0.0100), larger indicated nodules (6.06 cm3vs. 3.32 cm3, p = 0.0468), or larger thyroids to resect (16.38 cm3vs. 8.75 cm3, p = 0.0001) in the mature phase. Procedure-related complications decreased significantly in the mature phase in comparison to the initial phase (3.57% vs. 31.43%, p = 0.0001).ConclusionsThe learning curve of TOETVA with neuromonitoring is 35 cases. With the accumulation of proficiency, the indications will expand. Step-by-step improvements from the experience of each case can reduce procedure-related complications.

An Automatic Optimal Course Recommendation Method for Online Math Education Platforms Based on Bayesian Model

Online education platforms inject new vitality into the field of education, and greatly improves the accessibility to high-quality education resources. However, the current online education platforms do not support independent course selection based on personal preferences. To solve this problem, this paper designs an automatic recommendation method of optimal courses for online math education platforms based on Bayesian model. The results show that the Bayesian model can simulate the causal relationship between real-world affairs by building a graphic model based on the graph theory and the probability theory; the model can effectively merge priori and posteriori information, and encode the causality between knowledge points; the model clearly outshines user-based collaborative filtering model, term-based collaborative filtering model, and SlopeOne model, and achieves a stable accuracy rate in automatic recommendation of courses. The research provides an empirical evidence to the improvement and innovation of professional online math course platforms.

Representation of Social Systems as Nonlinear, Complex, Self-Organizing and Closely Related to Biosystems and Mathematical Model of Their Evolution

On the basis of the systemic and synergistic approaches, the features and regularity of the selforganizing systems, it is concluded that the social systems are nonlinear, open, complex, self-organizing systems. The scheme-model of the general structure of the social system is considered. Much attentions is given to the interactions of the social systems elements with the biosystems. The graphic model-tree, reflecting the association between the social systems and the biosystems. In connection with that the most significant technologies and the scientific trends, connecting with the biosystems: the gens, the genetic engineering, the artificial intellect, the bio- and nanotechnologies, the biomedicine, microbes, viruses are considered. The futures of the dynamics of the social systems are noted. It is shown, that, with a high probability, the spiral evolutionary processes can occur in the social systems. The mathematical model is presented, that describes the spiral structures, based on the Swift-Hohenberg equation.

Pre-Retirees’ Human Capital Potential Usage for Reducing Unemployment and Employing University Students and Graduates: Theoretical Aspects

The article examines the accumulation of intellectual human capital and highlights the characteristic age periods of its formation. A graphic model of the accumulation and interaction of intellectual human capital of pre-retirees and young people has been developed. On the basis of the analysis of migration processes in Altai Krai, the relevance of such interaction has been justified. A theoretical and comparative analysis of the employment status of higher and secondary specialized educational institution graduates has been carried out. There is an increase in the unemployment of young specialists with higher education and the discrepancy of performed work under the received specialty due to lack of experience. A variant of acquiring such experience is proposed by means of students’ study and work combining in senior courses in interaction with specialists of pre-retirement age, who possess intellectual human capital and remain in the labor market due to the increase in the retirement age. The author believes that the proposed interaction between students and pre-retirees should be implemented within the framework of the Demography and Labor Productivity and Employment Support national projects.

MODEL KONSEPTUAL MEDIA MOTION GRAPHIC INTERAKTIF MATEMATIKA UNTUK SISWA KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR

The purpose of this research is to find a conceptual model as a basic in developing a learning media Mathematics of Scale material using motion graphic media. The development model used in this research is Hannapin and Peck's model which is consists of three stages, namely requirements analysis, design, and development or implementation. This research was conducted at SDN Karanggan 01 Gunung Putri, Bogor towards fifth grade students of elementary schools. The results of the product feasibility trial show that interactive motion graphic media is very feasible to use by obtaining an average expert review rating of 95.14% with the category "Very Good". Based on an analysis of previous research findings the conceptual model of interactive motion graphic media that researchers found to be effectively used in schools with problems that researchers found in the field. Keyword : Motion graphic, Interactive, Mathematic, Scale Abstrak : Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan model konseptual sebagai dasar dalam mengembangkan suatu media pembelajaran Matematika materi Skala menggunakan media motion graphic. Model pengembangan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah model Hannapin dan Peck yang terdiri dari tiga tahapan yaitu analisis kebutuhan, desain, dan pengembangan atau implementasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SDN Karanggan 01 Gunung Putri, Bogor terhadap siswa kelas V sekolah dasar. Hasil uji coba kelayakan produk menunjukkan bahwa media motion graphic interaktif sangat layak digunakan dengan mendapat penilaian expert review rata-rata sebesar 95,14% dengan kategori “Sangat Baik”. Berdasarkan analisis terhadap temuan penelitian sebelumnya model konseptual media motion graphic interaktif yang peneliti temukan efektif digunakan pada sekolah dengan permasalahan yang peneliti temukan di lapangan. Kata Kunci : Motion graphic, Interaktif, Matematika, Skala

GRAPHIC MODELS OF MISCELLS OF SOLUTIONS OF SODIUM SALTS OF FATTY ACIDS

The existing scientific positions of the properties of colloidal systems consisting of low concentrated solutions of individual salts of sodium soaps are studied to construct a graphic model of mycelium of soap soaps, the projection of the cut of the micelle surface in a straight line is approximated. According to the established graphic model, it was revealed that the anions are in dynamic equilibrium with a micelle of sodium soaps

Doing Things With Natures

The article expands on Lewis and Maslin’s “double two-step” historicization of the Anthropocene, with two major transitions in energy (agriculture and fossil fuels) and two in social organization (modernity and the Great Acceleration). Insofar as planetary impacts arise from “what we spend our time doing” – foraging, farming, feudal then waged labour, finally unsustainable consumption – such “doing” is understood as precisely ‘performative’ in the sense that its effects only arise from a massive social repetition that is confused with essential nature and thus concealed. Through a graphic model of such ‘plural performativity,’ four consecutive Anthropo(s)cenes are sketched: the Giving World of agriculture and state formation; the New World of colonial pillage and world trade; the Netherworld of wage labour and fossil capital; then ‘All the World’ but not with all of “us” as players. Apart from environmental changes, the paper targets performances of power and inequality: normative histories of ‘common sense’ on the one hand, concealing ‘people’s histories’ of conflict and opposition, on the other – the Anthropocene arising not simply from what the majority of people have been doing, but from what they have always beenforced to do.