Obrona praw dysydentów na sejmie 1606 r. za szczególnym uwzględnieniem roli Stanisława Stadnickiego

Activity of Stanisław Stadnicki in Defense of Dissident Rights at the 1606 Parliament Session The article analyzes the attitude of Stanisław Stadnicki (~1551-1610) towards religious controversies, with special stress put on the 1606 parliamentary session. These issues have been studied in the past by Wacław Sobieski, yet over a hundred years have passed and new sources and methodology are available today. The presented research proves that the rereading of sources is necessary, as well as the inclusion of secondary findings over the last century and more. In particular, the article shows that Stadnicki’s activity among religious dissidents was wide and multilevel. It extended to the floor of the parliament at the turn of sixteenth to the seventeenth centuries.

Rhaphidophora aurea: A Review on Phytotherapeutic and Ethnopharmacological Attributes

Epipremnum aureum (Golden pothos), a naturally vari-coloured vascular plant that produces overabundance of foliage. it's among the foremost standard tropical decorative plant used as hanging basket crop. Associated in Nursing insight has been provided regarding the various styles of liana together with noble gas, Marble Queen, Jade Pothos and N Joy. This paper presents a review on botanic study and necessary characteristics of liana and special stress has been provided on varicolored leaves and plastids biogenesis explaining the necessary genes concerned throughout the method and numerous proteins related to it. Studies are enclosed comprising the special options of Epipremnum aureum in phytoremediation for the removal of metallic element and caesium and within the purification of air against gas. The antimicrobial activity of roots and leaf extracts of Epipremnum aureum against several microorganism strains are enclosed. It additionally presents the anti-termite activity of liana which will be controlled for cuss management. This article summarizes review meted out on many approaches to choosing honesty for drug development with the best chance of success. This review document presents a large vary of factual info regarding analysis work on honesty until date, sorted below headings: Phytochemical screening, antimicrobial, and inhibitor activity, vasoconstrictor, environmental and alternative fields.

Re-visiting the Arab Cultural Renaissance: Al-Nahda and the Reception of European Literature

Al-Nahda – the Renaissance corresponds to the advent of “modern civilization” (al-tamaddun al-ḥadîṯ) in Egypt and the East through contacts with the West. The Renaissance is opposed to the Middle Ages (al-qurûn al-wusṭâ), times of darkness. It is intended, more than a renewal of old models, a revolution of knowledge and thought. It is born of more or less violent contacts with the outside. Just as the Renaissance of the East is fertilized by the Western contributions so the European Renaissance which preceded it is largely attributed to the philosophical and scientific mediation of the Arabs of Andalusia. My research is a re-consideration of al-Nahda, highlighting the development of contemporary Arabic literature as a result of the late-19th – early 20th cultural rebirth of the Arab world, with a special stress on the French-Egyptian cultural transfer and the importance of translation.

Tele-kiss. Nam-June Paik’s expanded media in the light of Zen Buddhism

The article offers a broad overview of Nam-June Paik’s ideas of the expansion of video arts interpreted in the light of Zen Buddhism. His works recognized as the most significant examples of his marriage between the art theory and practice are marked by a thought-provoking vision of participatory culture, communicated in-between the networks in the post-industrial society. Our purpose is to reexamine his attitude to TV culture in the oscillation between Western and Eastern gaze considered in connection to the problems of emptiness and meditation drawn from Zen religious beliefs. In discussing his installations there is special stress to reconstruct his inner-insight into the subject of seeing and watching inscribed in a closed-circuit of the communication network.

Meeting the Challenge of Economic Sanctions: Russian Legislative and Institutional Perspective

The article deals with the Russian experience of countering foreign economic sanctions. It makes a special stress on the legislative and institutional perspectives of the Russian practice. The key point implies that, despite significant innovations, Russian institutional design of counter-sanctions policy still suffers from a number of shortcomings. A tentative list includes a lack of coherence of key concepts, unsophisticated distribution of power among different governmental agencies, legal gaps in terms of civil and criminal liability for violation of the Russian counter-sanctions legislation etc. The article provides insights into key Russian legal documents as well as the practice of their implementation. Besides that, the research aims at filling the gap in sanctions literature, related to the disbalance between studies of initiators’ policies and targets of sanctions: research on the policy of initiator states prevail over that on the target states. Inquiry into the Russian practice may contribute to the studies of target states’ policies under sanctions.

Generation change in Russian poetry of the 19th and 20th centuries: a case study in comparative textual analyses

The paper attempts to provide an analyses of poetically-encoded discourse about generation change in selected verses written by outstanding Russian poets of the 19th and 20th century – Pushkin, Zhukovsky, Baratynsky, Esenin and Mayakovsky, under a partial comparison with similar motives appearing by the German poet Goethe. The central problem is the axiological assessment of continuity vs. conflict of generations as well as the general confrontation with the “challenge of time”, both from existential and socially determined perspectives. The concepts of positive vs. negative connoted changes and the problem of their acceptability in the analysed verses are presented by means of a formal-semantic description with a special stress on language entities denoting the conceptual sphere of time and generation change.

Roussowska teoria woli powszechnej w publicystyce i myśli politycznej Gilberta Keitha Chestertona

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the role Rousseau’s doctrine of general will played in the thought and writings of Gilbert Keith Chesterton. The article begins with the characterization of the doctrine of general will as understood by Rousseau. Then, an overview of the existing critique of Chesterton’s heritage and what it had (or did not have to) to say about the matter in question is conducted. Next, the fact that Chesterton accepted the doctrine of general will is demonstrated by means of textual analysis. The paper ends with a section devoted to drawing some practical conclusions from the results of the analysis, with special stress laid on the fact that acknowledging the role the doctrine of general will played in Chesterton’s thought might not only serve as a “hermeneutical key” to the more controversial of his ideas (his democratism and his alleged anti-Semitism taken as examples), but also serve as the means to change the overall perception of him as a political thinker from a Catholic integrist to a Catholic pluralist.

ПРЕПОДАВАНИЕ СТРАНОВЕДЕНИЯ КИТАЯ В БРИТАНСКИХ УНИВЕРСИТЕТАХ

В статье рассматриваются организация преподавания страноведения Китая в университетах Великобритании, а также возможности внедрения британского опыта в учебный процесс по подготовке будущих специалистов-синологов в российских вузах. Приводится сравнительный анализ учебных программ бакалавриата по страноведению Китая Университетов Манчестера, Дарема, а также Института востоковедения и стран Азии Университета Лондона. Описываются наполнение учебных дисциплин, превалирующая тематика в каждом из перечисленных учебных заведений. Выделяются наиболее важные и востребованные для российского высшего образования аспекты по данному направлению подготовки.The article presents the organization of teaching Chinese Studies at British universities and also opportunities of applying it for the similar courses at Russian universities aimed at future sinologists; analyzes the Curricula for Chinese Studies for undergraduate students from the Universities of Manchester and Durham and SOAS, University of London; describes the curricula and their contents, the topics prevailing at each of these educational establishments. The article makes a special stress upon the aspects of educating in this subject field that are of the greatest importance and most highly-demanded for Russian higher education.

Extension Property and Universal Sets

Motivated by works on extension sets in standard domains, we introduce a notion of the Carathéodory set that seems better suited for the methods used in proofs of results on characterization of extension sets. A special stress is put on a class of two-dimensional submanifolds in the tridisc that not only turns out to be Carathéodory but also provides examples of two-dimensional domains for which the celebrated Lempert Theorem holds. Additionally, a recently introduced notion of universal sets for the Carathéodory extremal problem is studied and new results on domains admitting (no) finite universal sets are given.

Once Again

This chapter offers a first detailed discussion of Kant’s late essay on “the end of all things.” The essay has many layers, concerning not only the topic of immortality but also the general notion of an apocalypse. This chapter distinguishes temporal and ethical aspects of Kant’s notion of an “end,” at both individual and global levels, and notes his special stress on the human tendency to keep repeating a concern with this issue, which shows that it is a basic idea of reason. It also offers a first defense of Kant’s complex notion of “noumenal duration,” which is his final attempt to make sense of the combined temporal and non-temporal aspects of the person, especially in light of the doctrine of transcendental idealism.