Proposing an Optimized Cost-Effective Data Carrier Mechanism for Smart Contracts and Transactions in Blockchain with ACO Algorithm

In this article, a new optimal cost-effective data carrier architecture for smart contracts in the blockchain-enabled IoT environment proposed. This method requires communication with external off-chain data. Three steps consist of this model such as Mission Manager, Task Publisher, and Worker which formulated with the ACO algorithm. Based on this method, some of the best solutions for filtering smart contract events and decoding event logs to fit different requirements are presented adequately. The proposed system is designed to minimize contract deployment costs and monitor contract events without subscribing to any filter at the Ethereum node. In the evaluation, we show that it will save about 21USD deployment costs for average by our data carrier system.

DNA: prawie niezniszczalny i najbardziej pojemny nośnik danych

Dzięki ewolucji technologicznej prawie całkowicie zrezygnowano współcześnie z analogowej archiwizacji informacji (papier, klisza, obraz) na rzecz zapisu cyfrowego. Obecnie potrzeba magazynowania wytwarzanych i przetwarzanych informacji wzrasta w eksponencjalnym tempie. Coraz większą popularnością cieszą się tzw. chmury (cloud) internetowe. Rozwój naukowy podsuwa inne rozwiązanie, zainspirowane najstarszym, ale także niesamowicie trwałym nośnikiem informacji, czyli ciągiem kwasów nukleinowych: DNA. Co więcej, DNA jest bardzo trwałe, a zakonserwowane w odpowiednich warunkach niemal niezniszczalne w odniesieniu do długości ludzkiego życia. Ponadto informacja zawarta w kwasach nukleinowych jest bardzo skondensowana. Oznacza to, że w kilku probówkach możemy zapisać informację o całych serwerach danych. Naukowcy od lat myślą o zastąpieniu cyfrowych nośników danych informacjami zapisanymi w kodzie genetycznym. Dzięki rozwojowi nauki ta perspektywa staje się atrakcyjna. DNA: an almost indestructible data carrier with incomparable capacity Thanks to the technological evolution, analog methods of archiving information (paper, film, image) have been almost entirely replaced by digital storage. Currently, the need for storage of generated and processed information is growing at an exponential rate. The so-called clouds are becoming increasingly popular. Scientific advances suggest yet another solution, inspired by the oldest but also incredibly durable information carrier, i.e. a sequence of nucleic acids: DNA. Moreover, DNA is very durable, and preserved in appropriate conditions, almost indestructible in relation to human lifespan. Further, the information contained in nucleic acids is very condensed. This means that in a scant few test tubes we could store servers’ worth of information. Scientists have been thinking for years about replacing digital data carriers with information stored in the genetic code. Thanks to new scientific developments, this prospect is becoming attractive.

PROTOTYPE PENGUNCI PINTU OTOMATIS MENGGUNAKAN RFID (RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION) BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER ARDUINO UNO

Abstract--A manual door security system that has many shortcomings including difficulty opening locks when used, easily broken and keys that tend to be duplicated thereby reducing convenience and security. To prevent this, a good and easy-to-use room security system is needed. At this time began to develop an electronic room safety system using RFID technology (Radio-Frequency Identification) to improve the security system at the door of the house. In this study discusses the design and prototype of an automatic room door lock using an RFID system. The research method used is research and development. This Automatic Door is programmed by the Arduino application by creating a security system using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) as a radio wave of data carrier frequencies that will be received by the receiver. The results of this study are the creation of an automatic home door security system using RFID which has a better level of security compared to manual security, so that it can cope with acts of theft in homes that are often abandoned by residents. In addition, the use of RFID can also minimize the overall lock on the house, so that every family member needs only one tag card / key to open all the locks on the door in the house. Keywords: Arduino Uno, RFID, Servo Motor, Solenoi Abstrak--Sistem pengamanan pintu rumah yang bersifat manual memiliki banyak kekurangan diantaranya sulit membuka kunci ketika digunakan, mudah dibobol dan kunci yang cenderung dapat diduplikat sehingga mengurangi kemudahan dan keamanan. Untuk mencegah hal tersebut dibutuhkan sistem keamanan ruangan yang baik dan mudah digunakan. Saat ini mulai dikembangkan sistem pengaman ruangan yang bersifat elektronik dengan menggunakan teknologi RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification) untuk meningkatkan sistem keamanan pada pintu rumah. Dalam penelitian ini membahas mengenai desain dan prototype pengunci pintu ruangan otomatis menggunakan sistem RFID. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah riset dan pengembangan. Pintu Otomatis ini diprogram oleh aplikasi Arduino dengan membuat sistem keamanan menggunakan Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) sebagai gelombang radio frekuensi pembawa data yang akan diterima receiver. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah terciptanya sistem keamanan pintu rumah otomatis menggunakan RFID yang memiliki tingkat keamanan lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pengamanan manual, sehingga dapat menanggulangi terjadinya tindak pencurian pada rumah-rumah yang sering ditinggalkan oleh penghuninya. Selain itu penggunaan RFID ini juga dapat meminimalis keseluruan kunci pada rumah, sehingga setiap anggota keluarga cukup membutuhkan satu tag card / kunci untuk membuka seluruh kunci pada pintu yang ada di rumah. Kata kunci: Arduino Uno, RFID, Motor servo, Solenoid

An electronic record as an object of records management: a historiographic review

The paper deals with the main researches of the Russian specialists in records management and experts in related scientific subjects that have been studying electronic records from the moment when this concept was found in the late 1990th till nowadays. The author analyzes definitions of the concept electronic record, studies its features, connected with information environment specifics as well as an electronic medium of information, definition of the main categories of electronic records and indications of their classification. By the beginning of XXI century a concept of electronic record was formed, which was un-contradictory for records management and archival science, its working definition was offered. Scientists think that an electronic record is a document that carries out the same functions and has the same indications as a traditional document. At the same time it was defined that a specific data carrier character and documenting methods put a problem of electronic records typology. The author has also solved a number of urgent problems - defined the electronic records structure and recognized its validity. The most actual problems for further studying were designated in the Program. Later scientific discussions were taken place about these questions to a greater or lesser extent, and now they become active in connection with a problem of an electronic records archival storage.

Rule 271 Service of the Statement of claim

Pursuant to para 1, electronic service requires that: (1) the document to be served is stored on a data carrier; and that (2) an electronic address for service has been notified by the defendant (for which no obligation exists). If an electronic address has been notified, electronic service is the priority type of service. This results from para 4 according to which other types of service can only be used as a second best type of service. By that rule of priority, the principle of Art 44 UPCA to make best use of electronic procedures is realized. Electronic form is not mandatory for service but is mandatory for filing pleadings and documents on the part of the parties (Rule 4).

Performance Test of VHF-HF-based Emergency Data Communication System between the Sardjito Hospital and District Hospital in the Isolated and Disaster-prone Areas

The topography of Gunungkidul area in the Province of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, consisting of hills and limestone mountains. It becomes the potential factor of landslide occurrences. Especially in the rainy season, the soils in the hills become softer and it increases the possibility to cause a landslide. This condition has became the concern of many people, especially the residents who live in the landslide-prone area. This topography is also one of the factors for health centre in a certain area becomes isolated due to the inability of telecommunication signal services from the provider to reach that area, which is called a blank area. That situation makes an inability to contact the nearest district hospital to ask for support in an emergency case. This research focuses on the performance test of the emergency data communication system by using several types of data. The system uses Very High Frequency (VHF) 144 MHz and High Frequency (HF) 7.08 MHz as the data carrier and a software to interpret the text and image to be modulated onto the data carrier. That system is called a virtual hospital, means that even though the health center is located in a blank area, but specialists from the Sardjito Hospital can still deliver advices to support the health center in maintaining the medical service quality by using the VHF-HF-based emergency data communication system. Based on the results of the system's performance test between the Wonosari Gunungkidul District Hospital and the Sardjito Hospital with the distance of 40 km, the receiving quality of the data transmission for text and image are 95% and 55.33%, respectively.