ANALYSIS OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS ON THE CHOICE OF THE CRANE WHEN DESIGNING BUILD PLANS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE CONDITIONS

The principles of determining the conditions of tightness of the construction site in accordance with the requirements of normative documentation are shown. On concrete examples the features of defi nition of types of cranes, conditions of their placement on a construction site are considered. Shows examples of the placement of diff erent valves within a single construction site. The possibilities of limiting the boundaries of the zones of operation of the crane are determined. Possibilities of restriction of a dangerous zone of action of the crane according to the standard literature are presented.

TEACHERS’ METAPHORIC PERCEPTIONS OF COVID-19 AND SCHOOL IN THE PROCESS OF COVID-19

The study aims to reveal teachers’ perceptions of “Covid-19” and “School in the Covid-19 Process” through metaphors. The differences between the covid-19 perceptions of those who had Covid-19 disease in the participants’ families and those who did not were examined. Phenomenology design, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study. Participants consist of a total of 100 teachers, 80 in Hatay and 20 in Gaziantep. The content analysis method was used. It was seen that teachers had 45 different metaphors in the perception of ‘Covid-19’ and were collected in eight categories. The most produced metaphors’ codes related with covid-19 were “Flu”, “Cancer”, “Illness”, “War”, “Flu-pneumonia”. Categories created according to metaphors were “Similar to other diseases”, “Infectiousness”, “Damaging”, “Fatal”, “Uncertainty”, “Social order”, “Immunity”, “Isolating”. Participants created 56 different metaphors in the perception of “School in the Covid-19 Process,” and these metaphors could be gathered in seven categories. The most produced metaphors were “Dangerous zone”, “Abandoned building”, “Pandemic point / Virus slot”, “House”.

Investigation of the influence of the geodynamic position of coal-bearing dumps on their endogenous fire hazard

The paper investigates the hypothesis according to which one of the factors influencing the spontaneous combustion of coal-bearing dumps is its geodynamic position, i.e. its location in the geodynamically dangerous zone (GDZ) at the boundary of the Earth crust blocks. This hypothesis is put forward on the basis of scientific ideas about the block structure of the Earth crust and the available statistical data on the location of burning dumps and is studied using computer modeling. A dump located in the area of Eastern Donbass was chosen as the object of research. The simulation results show that the penetration of air into the dump body from the mine through the GDZ, which crosses the mining zone, is possible at an excess pressure of 1000 Pa created by the main ventilation fans. The fire source appearance in the dump body causes an increase in the temperature of the dump mass and becomes a kind of trigger that "turns on" the aerodynamic connection between the dump and the environment, carried out through the GDZ. It is concluded that the establishment of an aerodynamic connection between the mine workings and the dump through the GDZ can be an important factor contributing to the endogenous fire hazard of coal-bearing dumps. The simulation results can be used in the development of projects for monitoring coal-bearing dumps and measures to combat their spontaneous combustion.

Analisis Financial Distress Menggunakan Metode Altman Z–Score pada PT. Golden Plantation Tbk. Periode 2014-2018

The goal of this study is to decide how the effects of the analysis of predictions of financial distress using the Atlman Z-score method with estimates for the period 2014-2018 on PT Golden Plantation Tbk are determined. PT Golden Plantation, which is a business engaged in the oil palm plantation industry with the type of data used, is the focus of this study, namely quantitative data in the form of the financial statements of PT Golden Plantation for the period 2014 to 2018. And the Altman Z - Score Adjusted variable aproach is the data analysis method used in this study. It can be inferred that, based on the findings of the report, the organization started to encounter financial distress in 2014. In 2015 to 2018 the altman z - score of PT Golden Plantation was <1.1 or a dangerous zone which means that PT Golden Plantation Tbk is in a bankrupt condition. And we can be sure that the company will also face financial problems in the next few years. This is attributable to the selection of debt used by the firm. The utilization of the company's existing debt tends to rise each year, exceeding the value of the company's current assets, so that the working capital of the company still has a negative variable. To Future research is suggested to add other variables in examining financial distress.

ANALISIS PREDIKSI KEBANGKRUTAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL ALTMAN Z-SCORE PADA PERUSAHAAN RITEL YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2014-2018

Bankruptcy is a critical issue that companies must be aware of. Bankruptcy and the level of the company's performance can be seen from the company's financial condition by analyzing the company's financial statements. The most widely used bankruptcy prediction model is the Altman Z-Score model..The Altman Z-Score model analysis was chosen as the model used in bankruptcy prediction because, this model is easy to use with a high degree of accuracy. The purpose of this research is to determine bankruptcy predictions using the Altman Z-Score model in retail companies listed on the IDX in 2014-2018. This kind of exploration is expressive quantitative utilizing monetary reports as an examination instrument. The examining method was,carried out by utilizing purposive sampling,technique which was then controlled by nine retail organizations as the sample. The results show that on average six companies are in a safe zone, including issuers ECII, HERO, MPPA, RANC, SKYB, SONA and two companies in the gray zone or prone to bankruptcy, namely CENT and KOIN, one company in the dangerous zone, namely RIMO

Improvement of the switch counter-rail lining design

The element of the upper structure of the railway track - the switch counter-rail lining is studied. A variant of the serial design of the PKZhDL-65-4 counter-rail lining is considered. The analysis of the failure rate of counter-rail linings is carried out, and the results of observations of the condition of the linings in different regions are presented. The destruction zone is localized and its character as a multi-cycle fatigue destruction is determined. The information about the conducted complex of experimental studies for investigation of the stress-strain state in the dangerous zone of the lining is presented. To carry out the design studies, the design schemes of the counter-rail lining were developed. Calculated studies of the influence of various factors on the level of stresses acting in the hazardous area of the structure are performed. The influence of the type of the design scheme, the stiffness of the rubber shock-absorbing lining and the properties of the sleeper material is studied. Variants of counter-rail lining designs for reducing the level of stresses acting in the dangerous zone are proposed. Computational studies were conducted to optimize the proposed lining options in order to reduce material consumption. The results of testing of new lining structures on the switches of the South Ural Railway are presented. The information about the conducted complex of experimental studies for investigation of the stress-strain state in the dangerous zone of the lining is presented. To carry out the design studies, the design schemes of the counter-rail lining were developed. Calculated studies of the influence of various factors on the level of stresses acting in the hazardous area of the structure are performed. The influence of the type of the design scheme, the stiffness of the rubber shock-absorbing lining and the properties of the sleeper material is studied. Variants of counter-rail lining designs for reducing the level of stresses acting in the dangerous zone are proposed. Computational studies were conducted to optimize the proposed lining options in order to reduce material consumption. The results of testing of new lining structures on the switches of the South Ural Railway are presented.

Analysis of efficiency of functionally oriented composite coatings made of materials with thermoelastic martensitic transformations

The efficiency of multifunctional composite coatings consisting of an intermediate adhesive layer and a surface wear-resistant layer undergoing thermoelastic martensitic transformations (TMT) is discussed. Using the example of a propeller blade, it is shown that materials with TMT in the composition of the surface composition provide an effective response to external influences (an increase in the endurance limit in seawater by 30%, wear resistance by 3.0—3.2 times, cavitation resistance by 15—20 times as compared to the base) and adaptation to loading conditions, that contributes to an increase in the service life. Evaluation of the stress-strain state of a propeller with the composite coating Ni—TiNiZr—TiNiCo showed a decrease in stresses in the most dangerous zone and confirmed the expediency of using materials with TMF to improve reliability.

Type of crossing of coal waste dumps by geodynamical dangerous zones

The paper develops the concept of the existence geodynamically dangerous zones in the earth’s crust. These zones affects to the safety of the state of engineering structures and mining operations. The concept of geodynamic zoning is used, according to which geodynamically dangerous zones occurs during the interaction of blocks of the earth’s crust of various hierarchical ranks. On the example of the East Donbass, the typification of the intersection of coal waste dumps with geodynamically dangerous zones is considered. The position of 34 burning and burnt out dumps located near the cities of Shakhty and Novoshakhtinsk, Rostov Region, their size R and the width of geodynamically dangerous zones r are taken in account. Based on the use of geodynamic zoning data, an analysis is made of the nature of the mutual arrangement of carbon rock dumps and the boundaries of blocks of the earth’s crust (geodynamically dangerous zones). It is found 4 types of intersection of the block boundaries and the body of the dumps. The intersection of the first type occurs when R> r and the location of the intersection site entirely under the dump. The intersection of the second type occurs when R <r and the location of the dump entirely in the geodynamically dangerous zone. The intersection of the third type occurs at any ratio of R and r, but the common area overlaps the geodynamically dangerous zone only partially (touch). In the fourth type of intersection, the set of common points R and r is empty (do not intersect). Typification can be used when choosing places for dumping and computer modeling of their thermal state.

MASS TRANSFER MANAGEMENT AND DEPOSITION OF CONTAMINANTS WITHIN CAR ROAD ZONES

The present study determined that the essential factor of technogenic influence on the roadside landscapes is a motor complex that leads to the alienation of large territories, destabilizing of the natural ecosystems, the disarticulation of landscapes and an irreversible transformation of nature and territorial complexes in general. The significant influence of motor transport is the exhaust emissions with Carbon (ІІ) oxide, Nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, aldehydes, soot (technical carbon), mineral dust, heavy metals, etc., that influence not only on the environment, but also on the health of the population. The migration and deposition of the pollutants that are produced by vehicle flows are caused by many factors of different genesis. In particular, this landscape topographic characteristics and the geochemical territory activity of natural and technogenic geo-ecosystems, structure of biocoenoses, presence of geochemical barriers (including artificially created), density, construction, transport, physical and geographical, social and economic features of transport network infrastructure, the intensity of transport flows, etc. Therefore, to ensure the environmentally safe operation of "car – road – environment" system should include a systematic approach to the development concept of the transport complex within the specific natural and man-made geo-ecosystems with developed automobile and communication networks that would provide not only its economic and transport feasibility, but also minimizing the anthropogenic transformation of natural and territorial complexes in general. To reduce eco-destructive impact we recommend to apply the developed design of forest of gas and dustproof lane road that substantially reduce the dangerous zone of influence.