Open Archival Information System

Objetivo: analisar as entidades funcionais do Open Archival Information System (OAIS), e apontar convergências com a Arquivística, tendo em vista a implementação de um Repositório Arquivístico Digital Confiável (RDC-Arq). Metodologia: artigo de revisão assistemática/narrativa que parte do levantamento bibliográfico de materiais previamente publicados, composto por livros, normas técnicas e artigos científicos recuperados pela ferramenta Google Scholar e pela Base de Dados em Ciência da Informação. Resultados: o modelo funcional proposto pelo OAIS permite receber, gerenciar e disseminar documentos arquivísticos digitais. Seus fluxos de informação são registrados e garantem a manutenção da autenticidade frente às ações realizadas no âmbito do RDC-Arq, como migrações e acréscimos de informações necessárias à preservação. Esse modelo funcional atende questões essenciais como negociar aquisições, transferências e recolhimento com produtores e custodiadores, além de gerenciar as demandas dos consumidores. Conclusões: o modelo funcional OAIS possibilita receber a documentação de forma adequada, adicionar as informações descritivas necessárias, armazenar os documentos de forma segura, gerenciar políticas de preservação e facilitar a disseminação à comunidade designada. Ademais, poderá ser incorporado ao sistema de arquivos, sendo base para implementar o RDC-Arq, e assim, proteger a custódia e garantir o acesso contínuo à documentos digitais autênticos no longo prazo.

Towards a COST MOBILISE Guideline for Long Term Preservation and Archiving of Data Constructs from Scientific Collections Facilities

COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) is a funding organisation for research and innovation networks. One of the objectives of the COSTAction called “Mobilising Data, Policies and Experts in Scientific Collections“ (MOBILISE) is to work on documents for expert training with broad involvement of professionals from the participating European countries. The guideline presented here in its general concept will address principles, strategies and standards for long term preservation and archiving of data constructs (data packages, data products) as addressed by and under control of the scientific collections community. The document is being developed as part of the MOBILISE Action targeted towards primarily scientific staff at natural scientific collection facilities, as well as management bodies of collections like museums, herbaria and information technology personnel less familiar with data archiving principles and routines. The challenges of big data storage and (distributed, cloud-based) storage solutions as well as that of data mirroring, backing up, synchronisation and publication in productive data environments are well addressed by documents, guidelines and online platforms, e.g., in the DISSCo knowledge base (see Hardisty et al. (2020)) and as part of concepts of the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC). Archival processes and the resulting data constructs, however, are often left outside of the considerations. This is a large gap because archival issues are not only simple technical ones as addressed by the term “bit preservation” but also envisage a number of logical, functional, normative, administrative and semantic issues as addressed by the term “functional long-term archiving”. The main target digital object types addressed by this COST MOBILISE Guideline are data constructs called Digital or Digital Extended Specimens and data products with the persistent identifier assignment lying under the authority of scientific collections facilities. Such digital objects are specified according to the Digital Object Architecture (DOA , see Wittenburg et al. 2018) and similar abstract models introduced by Harjes et al. (2020) and Lannom et al. (2020). The scientific collection-specific types are defined following evolving concepts in the context of the Consortium of European Taxonomic Facilities (CETAF), the research infrastructure DiSSCo (Distributed System of Scientific Collections), and the Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG). Archival processes are described following the OAIS (Open Archival Information System) reference model. The archived objects should be reusable in the sense of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) guiding principles. Organisations like national (digital) archives, computing or professional (domain-specific) data centers as well as libraries might offer specific archiving services and act as partner organisations of scientific collections facilities. The guideline consists of key messages that have been defined. They address the collection community, especially the staff and leadership of taxonomic facilities. Aspects of several groups of stakeholders are discussed as well as cost models. The guideline does not recommend specific solutions for archiving software and workflows. Supplementary information is delivered via a wiki-based platform for the COST MOBILISE Archiving Working Group WG4.

Preservation for diverse users: digital preservation and the “Designated Community” at the Ontario Jewish Archives

PurposeConventional approaches to digital preservation posit that archives should define a Designated Community, or future user group, for whom they preserve digital information. Archivists can then use their knowledge of these users as a reference to help them deliver digital information that is intelligible and usable. However, this approach is challenging for archives with mandates to serve wide and diverse audiences; these archives risk undermining their efforts by focusing on the interests of a narrow user group.Design/methodology/approachA unique approach to this challenge was developed in the context of a project to build a digital preservation program at the Ontario Jewish Archives (OJA). It draws from previous research on this topic and is based on a combination of practical and theoretical considerations.FindingsThe approach described here replaces the reference of a Designated Community with three core components: a re-articulation of the Open Archival Information System (OAIS) mandatory responsibilities; the identification of three distinct tiers of access for digital records; and the implementation of an access portal that allows digital records to be accessed and rendered online. Together with supplemental shifts in reference points, they provide an alternative to the concept of a Designated Community in the determination of preservation requirements, the identification of significant properties, the creation of Representation Information and in the evaluation of success.Originality/valueThis article contributes a novel approach to the ongoing conversation about the Designated Community in digital preservation, its application and its limitations in an archival context.

Experiencias de gestión de los procesos de preservación digital a partir del modelo OAIS en repositorios institucionales

Los repositorios institucionales representan la denominada Vía Verde del movimiento Acceso Abierto, facilitando el acceso a la información y la gestión de la memoria científica de las universidades y centros de investigación. En ese sentido, no solo debe optimizarse su funcionamiento en términos de garantizar la organización y recuperación de los documentos sino también, los procesos de interoperabilidad y preservación digital. Es aquí donde el Open Archival Information System (OAIS) ha tomado lugar como el estándar que orienta y optimiza los procesos de cara a la preservación digital. A partir de lo anterior, este artículo da cuenta de los resultados de una investigación documental sobre el uso del modelo OAIS en repositorios institucionales, para ello se presenta la metodología de búsqueda desarrollada y el análisis de los factores a considerar en la gestión de los repositorios. Los resultados recopilan experiencias y categorías de implementación, principios básicos y esquemas de funcionamiento para atender condiciones de integralidad, interoperabilidad y facilidad en la recuperación y preservación de la memoria científica y académica de las instituciones. Principalmente se puede evidenciar una tendencia a modelos y arquitecturas distribuidas, mayor cantidad de experiencias en Europa y Estados Unidos y el uso de sistemas y software como DSpace, Lockss y Archivematica. The institutional repositories represent the so-called Greenway of the Open Access movement, facilitating access to information and the management of the scientific memory of universities and research centers. In this sense, its operation should not only be optimized in terms of guaranteeing the organization and retrieval of documents, but also optimizing the processes of interoperability and digital preservation. It is here where the Open Archival Information System (OAIS) has taken place as the standard that guides and optimizes processes for digital preservation. Based on the above, this article reports the results of documentary research on the use of the OAIS model in institutional repositories, for this purpose the developed search methodology and the analysis of the factors to be considered in the management of the repositories are presented. The results compile experiences and implementation categories, basic principles, and operating schemes to meet conditions of comprehensiveness, interoperability, and ease in the recovery and preservation of the scientific and academic memory of the institutions. Mainly a trend towards distributed models and architectures, a greater number of experiences in Europe and the United States and the use of systems and software such as DSpace, Lockss, and Archivematica can be evidenced.

Effectiveness of Reference Models for Knowledge Organization Systems

This chapter intends to study reference models for the development of knowledge organization systems (KOS) to evaluate their effectiveness and their modeling capacity through a comparison of requirements. The tools for the development of technological knowledge management systems that will be compared are Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS), Modular Requirements for Records Systems (MoReq), and The Digital Library Reference Model. Through a comparative analysis of these instruments, it is proposed to evaluate and compare their main requirements. The planning of technological systems based on these standards/requirements brings guarantees of a correct use of classifications, thesauri, ontologies, among other types of KOS. They also promote their configuration in technological systems and regarding the business processes in which these technological systems are used.

Pengelolaan Institutional Repository Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga Berdasarkan Model Open Archival Information System (OAIS)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tata kelola Institutional Repository UIN Sunan Kalijaga dengan menggunakan model Open Archival Information System (OAIS), sebuah model pengarsipan dari Consultative Committee for Space Data System (CCSDS) yang telah diakui International Standart Organization (ISO) sebagai standar internasional 14.721 yang dapat digunakan untuk perpustakaan digital yang menekankan pada fungsi preservasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan meninjau beberapa document terkait. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis melalui proses reduksi data, penyajian data, verifikasi serta penarikan kesimpulan. Uji keabsahan data dilakukan dengan triangulasi dan member check. Hasil analisis menunjukan pengelolaan Institutional Repository UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta memenuhi komponen model OAIS; mulai dari lingkungan luar sistem, lingkungan dalam sistem, hingga kemasan informasi dan objek. Beberapa unsur masih perlu dilengkapi, misalnya variasi koleksi, pemantauan terhadap anggota, pengembangan desain kemasan, rencana migrasi, serta negosiasi kesepakatan/perjanjian penyerahan materi. Serta beberapa unsur lain yang perlu dilengkapi agar model OAIS dapat menjadi standar yang ideal bagi tata kelola Institutional Repository UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, dan dapat menjadi acuan bagi institutional repository lain yang ingin mengembangkan tata kelola perpustakaan digital yang menekankan preservasi data.

Design of an Enhanced Web Archiving System for Preserving Content Integrity with Blockchain

A Web archive system is a traditional subject for preserving web content for the future and the importance is getting more significant due to the explosive growth of web content. The reference model for an open archival information system (OAIS) has been advising guidance for a long-term archiving system and most organizations that archive web content follow this guidance. In addition, the web archive (WARC) ISO standard is for web content archiving. However, there is no way to secure content integrity, and it is hard to identify the original. Because of limitations, a web archive system has a weakness against the dispute of content integrity. In this paper, we proposed the blockchain linked (BCLinked) web archiving system, which uses blockchain technology and an extended WARC field to keep a web content integrity metadata into a blockchain. Furthermore, we designed the BCLinked web archiving system, and we confirmed the proposed system secures content integrity through the experiment.

SPOT World Heritage catalogue: 30 years of SPOT 1-to-5 observation

<p><span><span>SPOT 1-to-5 satellites have collected more than 30 million images all over the world during the last 30 years from 1986 to 2015 which represents an amazing historical dataset. The SPOT World Heritage (SWH) programme is a CNES initiative to preserve, open and generate positive impact from this SPOT 1-to-5 archive by providing new enhanced products to the general public.</span></span></p><p><span><span>Preservation has been supported for years by archiving raw data (GERALD format) in the CNES long term archive service (STAF) while the commercial market was served by images provided by our commercial partner Airbus. SWH opens a new era with the will to provide and share a new SPOT 1-to-5 archive at image level. The chosen image product is the well-known 1A SCENE product (DIMAP format) which has been one of the SPOT references for years. As a remind, 1A SCENE is a squared 60 km x 60 km GEOTIFF image including initial radiometric corrections from instrument distortions. Image resolution ranges from 20m to 5m depending on the SPOT satellite/instrument (2,5m using SPOT 5 THR on ground processing mode).</span></span></p><p><span><span>This new SWH-1A archive is currently composed of 17 M images which have been first extracted from STAF magnetic tapes over a period of 1 year and processed to 1A level using the standard processing chain on CNES High Processing Center (~432 processing cores). In parallel, additional images acquired by partner receiving stations are being retrieved to ensure that the archive is as exhaustive as possible. </span></span></p><p><span><span>The SPOT 1-to-5 1A archive will be accessible through a dedicated CNES SWH Web catalogue based on REGARDS software which is a CNES Open Source generic tool (GPLv3 license) used to manage data preservation and distribution in line with OAIS (Open Archival Information System) and FAIR </span><span>(Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) </span><span>paradigms.</span></span></p><p><span><span>Once authenticated and in respect of the SWH license of use, users will then be able to request the catalogue and download products, manually or using APIs supporting OpenSearch requests.</span></span></p><p><span><span>This paper presents the architecture of the whole SPOT preservation process, from processing chains to data distribution with a first introduction to the SWH catalogue.</span></span></p><p><span><span>A last part of the presentation deals with some examples of use cases foreseen using this SPOT dataset.</span></span></p>

Cost Issues in Digitalization and Preservation

For many projects, resources are always limited. Hence, there is often a need to allocate resources in a most cost-effective manner. There are some cost models developed as guidelines on how to estimate the costs of digitalization and preservation of information in a comparatively more accurate way. By knowing the factors which affecting those costs, it will be easier to find a cost-effective strategy for digital preservation. Among different migration strategies proposed by researchers, in this article the migration in the framework of Open Archival Information System (OAIS) will be studied. This is applied to the case of this small-scale music library, Melos Music Library in El Parnaso Centre in Uruguay.