Jancuk : Public perceptions on the use of swear words in communication among Arek cultural community in East Java

Jancuk is a swear word and has become part of the cultural communication of arek in East Java, Indonesia. This research tries to analyze the perception and meaning of jancuk from Indonesian society. This research is a descriptive research through a qualitative approach. 121 representative respondents were obtained through purposive sampling. Then, the data will be triangulated to draw conclusions and recommendations. The results showed that the period of education and growth became the jancuk word’s absorption phase. The results of the analysis explain that Jancuk is not perceived negatively. Its depends on the intensity of emotion in communication. However, Jancuk is still perceived as a word that violates politeness in the communication process. Then, the main meaning of jancuk consists of: humiliation, annoyance, disappointment, surprise, and a symbol of intimacy or humor. Based on this research, the perception of words in a particular culture can be seen as an expression that has various meanings. It is expected that this research will provide the reason for the public that jancuk can be an important contributor to the process of enriching social cross-cultural communication materials.

The Effect of Omeprazole on the Pharmacokinetics of Piroxicam Profiles with High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Method

Piroxicam is an anti-inflammatory drug of the NSAID class that is commonly used as an analgesic and anthireumatic drug. Its use is often combined with gastric drugs, one of which is omeprazole, considering the side effects of piroxicam which can irritate the stomach. Piroxicam and omeprazole work on the same enzyme, CYP-450 so that it can affect the pharmacokinetic profile especially in the metabolic and excretion phases of piroxicam. This research is an experimental study using 3 male rabbits. Measurement of plasma levels of piroxicam drug is carried out using a High Performance’s Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) tool. The validation method is used to determine LOD and LOQ values, accuracy, and precision tests. The results of data analysis using t-tables. The results showed the value of pharmacokinetic parameters in the absorption phase increased or there were differences but did not show any significant effect on each group. While the pharmacokinetic parameter values ​​in the metabolic and excretion phases decreased and showed no differences between groups. The administration of omeprazole and piroxicam together and the administration of piroxicam which was given an hour earlier by omeprazole can inhibit the enzyme that stimulates the metabolism of piroxicam so that it affects the pharmacokinetic parameters in the absorption phase and also excretion but is not significant.

Pharmacokinetic Models to Characterize the Absorption Phase and the Influence of a Proton Pump Inhibitor on the Overall Exposure of Dacomitinib

Introduction: Dacomitinib is an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor approved for the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the first line in patients with EGFR activating mutations. Dacomitinib is taken orally once daily at 45 mg with or without food, until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurs. Oncology patients often can develop gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which may require management with an acid-reducing agent. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), such as rabeprazole, inhibit sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase (H+/K+-ATPase) pumps that stimulate acid secretion in the stomach and have a prolonged pharmacodynamic effect that extends beyond 24 h post-administration. The aim of this work was to characterize the absorption of dacomitinib via modeling with a particular interest in quantifying the impact of rabeprazole on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of dacomitinib. Materials and Methods: The pooled dataset consisted of five clinical pharmacology healthy volunteer studies, which collected serial pharmacokinetic concentration-time profiles of dacomitinib. Non-linear mixed effects modeling was carried out to characterize dacomitinib pharmacokinetics in the presence and absence of the concomitant use of a PPI, rabeprazole. Several absorption models, some more empirical, and some more physiologically based, were tested: transit compartment, first-order absorption with and without lag time, and variations of combined zero- and first-order absorption kinetics models. Results: The presence of a PPI was a significant covariate affecting the extent (F) and rate (ka) of dacomitinib absorption, as previously reported in the dedicated clinical study. A transit compartment model was able to best describe the absorption phase of dacomitinib.

Comparison of high-resolution synchrotron-radiation-based phase-contrast imaging and absorption-contrast imaging for evaluating microstructure of vascular networks in rat brain: from 2D to 3D views

Conventional imaging methods such as magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and digital subtraction angiography have limited temporospatial resolutions and shortcomings like invasive angiography, potential allergy to contrast agents, and image deformation, that restrict their application in high-resolution visualization of the structure of microvessels. In this study, through comparing synchrotron radiation (SR) absorption-contrast imaging to absorption phase-contrast imaging, it was found that SR-based phase-contrast imaging could provide more detailed ultra-high-pixel images of microvascular networks than absorption phase-contrast imaging. Simultaneously, SR-based phase-contrast imaging was used to perform high-quality, multi-dimensional and multi-scale imaging of rat brain angioarchitecture. With the aid of image post-processing, high-pixel-size two-dimensional virtual slices can be obtained without sectioning. The distribution of blood supply is in accordance with the results of traditional tissue staining. Three-dimensional anatomical maps of cerebral angioarchitecture can also be acquired. Functional partitions of regions of interest are reproduced in the reconstructed rat cerebral vascular networks. Imaging analysis of the same sample can also be displayed simultaneously in two- and three-dimensional views, which provides abundant anatomical information together with parenchyma and vessels. In conclusion, SR-based phase-contrast imaging holds great promise for visualizing microstructure of microvascular networks in two- and three-dimensional perspectives during the development of neurovascular diseases.

Appropriability: Theorisation essay on the role of appropriation in the second-hand item purchase process

This article presents a theorisation essay on the role of appropriation in the second-hand item purchase process. It highlights the concept of appropriability, which is defined as the relative potential of an object to become a consumer’s complete and entire possession. An item’s appropriability potential is relative to the prevalence of displayed traces from a previous owner or owners and the nature of the motivation that led to its acquisition. It also affects both the phases of a second-hand object’s appropriation process: (1) the Distancing phase, the intensity of which varies according to the prevalence of the Other’s trace and (2) the Absorption phase, the strategies of which – Denial, Creativity and Mastery – are defined by the nature of the purchase motivation.

Using Drop Jumps and Jump Squats to Assess Eccentric and Concentric Force-Velocity Characteristics

The purpose of this study was to investigate the eccentric and concentric force-velocity (Fv) characteristics recorded during drop jumps (DJ) from different heights and loaded jump squats (JS) and to determine the number of jumps required to accurately model the eccentric and concentric Fv relationships. Fourteen resistance-trained men (age: 21.9 ± 1.8 years) performed a countermovement jump (CMJ) and DJ from heights of 0.40, 0.60, and 0.80 m. JS with loads equivalent to 0%, 27%, 56%, and 85% 1-repetition maximum were performed in a separate session. Force platforms and a 3-D motion analysis system were used to record the average force ( F ¯ ) and velocity ( v ¯ ) during the absorption (CMJ, DJ40, DJ60, DJ80) and propulsion (JS0, JS27, JS56, JS85) phases of the jumps. Eccentric (absorption phase) and concentric (propulsion phase) Fv characteristics were then calculated and linear regression equations were determined when the number of jumps included was varied. F ¯ during the absorption phase significantly increased from CMJ to DJ60 while v ¯ increased significantly from CMJ to DJ80. The two-point method (CMJ, DJ80) resulted in a significantly lower y-intercept (mean difference [MD]: 0.7 N/kg) and a greater slope (MD: 0.7 Ns/m) for the eccentric Fv characteristics compared to the multiple-point method. F ¯ increased significantly and v ¯ decreased significantly with increasing external load in the JS conditions. The two-point method (JS0, JS85) resulted in a significantly greater y-intercept (MD: 1.1 N/kg) compared to the multiple-point method for the concentric Fv characteristics. Both DJ and loaded JS may provide means of assessing the eccentric and concentric Fv characteristics with only two jumps being required.

Enhanced intestinal reabsorption due to reduced metabolism of ceftriaxone

The polyherbal drug (Fibrosin®) is often used as supportive therapy with intramuscular ceftriaxone injection for treatment of mastitis. A single dose of ceftriaxone at 50 mg kg−1 was administered intramuscularly in six healthy lactating goats and a single oral dose of Fibrosin® (1.9 gm) was given 1 hr prior to intramuscular ceftriaxone injection to study disposition of ceftriaxone. Plasma and urine samples were collected at predetermined time schedule and ceftriaxone/ceftizoxime was extracted and analyzed by HPLC. Ceftriaxone persisted for 3 hr in plasma of fibrosin treated healthy lactating goats. Mean t½ K (distribution half life) following absorption phase and t½ K′(elimination half life) following intestinal re-absorption phase were respectively, 0.091 ± 0.01 and 0.43 ± 0.03 hr with a re-absorption half life (t½Ka′) of 0.18 ± 0.003 hr.Ceftriaxone at a lower concentration (67.91 ± 9.42 μg ml−1) was recovered at 24 hr post dosing from urine. This is the first report of pharmacokinetic interaction of intramuscular ceftriaxone injection and the oral polyherbal drug (which was found to be a cytochrome P450 inhibitor).