Application of Slope Radar (S-SAR) in Emergency Monitoring of the “11.03” Baige Landslide

On October 11 and November 3, 2018, the disaster chain of landslide-barrier lake occurred twice in Baige Village, Xizang Province. After the second sliding of the landslide, the danger of the landslide dam was eliminated by the manual excavation of the drain grooves. During this period, a ground-based interferometric synthetic aperture radar (GB-InSAR) called “S-SAR” was utilized for real-time monitoring and analyzing 48 selected target pixels on the residual deformation bodies of landslides (divided into K1, K2, and K3 deformation zones) for 8 days. Through the real-time deformation map of pixels in the monitoring area obtained by S-SAR, the ranges of five strong deformation regions were identified and delineated. Based on the apparent cumulative deformation-time curve of each target pixel, the overall deformation law of K1, K2, and K3 deformation zones could be monitored and analyzed in real time. Based on a curve graph of the deformation rate, acceleration, and time of each target pixel, the K1, K2, and K3 deformation zones were within a uniform deformation stage. Taking the target pixel point and the corresponding time in which the deformation rate and deformation acceleration had a large, abrupt jump at the same time as the position and time of the near-slip failure, the 11 positions and moments of the near-slip failure were counted. The results presented here may represent a workable reference for emergency monitoring and early warning of similar sudden geological disasters.

Financial management in the conditions of pandemia

The monetary seismic tremors caused by the pandemic have a lot to do with our financial management. Therefore, it is important that enterprises actively assess their risks and vulnerabilities from both an operational and financial perspective. To survive in this environment, businesses must act decisively to mitigate risks and plan for quick and slow recovery scenarios and associated liquidity impacts. The social instability caused by an abrupt jump to full employment in an instant and a sudden spike in unemployment fundamentally changes workers’ loyalty to their employer (or former employer). While this article focuses on financial management, tackling the coronavirus pandemic requires a comprehensive response and careful prioritization. Adding unnecessary tasks and complexity to overwhelming circumstances won’t help. Consequently, financial management actions and process changes must be designed to support business leaders and employees who will all be under pressure.

Seismic Evidence for Proterozoic Collisional Episodes along Two Geosutures within the Southern Granulite Province of India

The Southern Granulite Province of India had witnessed episodes of multiple tectonic activities, leading to sparsely preserved surface geological features. The present study is focused on unraveling the geodynamic evolution of this terrain through measurement of Moho depth and Vp/Vs ratio using data from a large number of broadband seismic stations. These results unambiguously establish three domains distinct in Moho depth and crustal composition. An intermediate to felsic crust with a 7–10 km step-in-Moho is delineated across the Moyar–Bhavani region. Anomalously high felsic crust with abrupt jump in Moho (~8–10 km) together with a dipping feature at deeper level characterizes the transition from eastern to southern segments of the Jhavadi–Kambam–Trichur region. By contrast, the central zone hosting the Palghat–Cauvery shear zone records uniform felsic crust and flat Moho. Drawing analogy from similar results in different parts of the globe, juxtaposition of petrologically dissimilar crustal blocks characterized by varied depths to the Moho is argued to point towards unambiguous presence of two distinct geosutures in the study area: one along the Moyar–Bhavani region and the other across the Jhavadi–Kambam–Trichur. This inference is corroborated by the presence of layered meta-anorthosite, related rock suites, and mafic-ultramafic bodies, supporting the view of a suprasubduction setting in the Moyar–Bhavani region. The Jhavadi–Kambam–Trichur area is marked by operation of the Wilson cycle by way of sparsely preserved geological features such as the presence of ophirags (ophiolite fragments), alkali syenites, and carbonatites. Geochronological results suggest that the suturing along Moyar–Bhavani took place during the Paleoproterozoic and that along Jhavadi–Kambam–Trichur was during the late Neoproterozoic.

Metallized ε-FeOOH and the heterogeneous electrical conductivity structure in the lower mantle

Electrical heterogeneity at the depth of 900-1400 km in Earth’s interior is a key factor to constrain the minor phase composition of the lower mantle. However, prevailing mineralogical models including Fe- or Al-enriched silicates or ferropericlase are insufficient to explain the ultra-high electrical conductivity in local areas of subduction slabs. Here, we measure the electrical conductivity of ε-FeOOH up to 61 GPa. A 3-order abrupt jump of electrical conductivity is observed in 45-50 GPa, reaching 1.24±0.19 × 103 S/m at 61 GPa. Density mean field theory simulations suggest that ε-FeOOH undergoes a Mott-type electronic transition, which leads the conduction mechanism to switch from small polaron conduction to free electron conduction. Compared with bridgmanite, ferropericlase and conventional mantle compositional models, the electrical conductivity of the metallic ε-FeOOH is 1-3 orders of magnitude higher. Minor or moderate incorporation of metallic ε-FeOOH into the ambient lower mantle could reproduce the observed electrical heterogeneity derived from geomagnetic data at 900-1400 km depth.

The research of the absorption potential effect of the minerals surface on the cassiterite flotation process

Introduction. The use of flotation for tin additional recovery and in order to increase integrated use of raw materials is one of the main trends in tin ores beneficiation technology development. Research aim is to identify the mechanism of reagents action on the pulp particles surface during the flotation of tin-containing products containing cassiterite. 78 "Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal". No. 3. 2020 ISSN 0536-1028 Methodology. Pulp absorption potential was measured on Dispersion DT-310 electro-acoustic spectrometer from Dispersion Technolodgy Inc., USA. The object of research was the cleaning products of the collective concentrate obtained from beneficiation sludge tailings of Solnechny enrichment plant (the Khabarovsk Territory). The surface of the initial product was sequentially treated with the following reagents: sodium hexametaphosphate, kerosene, liquid glass, aluminum sulfate and the Asparal-F collector reagent with measurements of the absorption potential. At the same time, open flotation experiments were carried out with fractionated removal of the foam product. Results. The research results have shown that the main influence on pulp absorption potential is exerted by a depressor - aluminum sulfate. With its consumption of 800 and 1600 g/t, the value of the absorption potential decreases to the level of minus 1.3–1.4 mV, having a negative extremum. With a further increase in depressor consumption to 2400 g/t, there is a abrupt jump in the absorption potential to positive values. The study of absorption potential value dependence on Asparal-F reagent-collector consumption has shown that an increase in the collector flow rate to 400 g/t causes a abrupt jump and alternation of the potential from + to – (– 0.05 mV) and the intersection of the curve with the zero point allows to determine its optimal flow rate 360 g/t. Flotation of the initial product with fractional removal of foam has shown that it was this jump that led to an increase in the quality of fractions from 0.40 to 1.04% in terms of tin content. Further processing of the obtained flotation tin product according to the gravitational scheme made it possible to obtain conditioned tin concentrate with a tin content of 24.8%. Conclusions. The study of thin intermediate products tin flotation process in the tailings processing flow chart of Solnechny enrichment plant with pulp ζ-potential evaluation revealed some regularities of this indicator influence on the flotation results and the optimal consumption of flotation reagents.

Detection and Characterization of Meteotsunamis in the Gulf of Genoa

A long-term time series of high-frequency sampled sea-level data collected in the port of Genoa were analyzed to detect the occurrence of meteotsunami events and to characterize them. Time-frequency analysis showed well-developed energy peaks on a 26–30 minute band, which are an almost permanent feature in the analyzed signal. The amplitude of these waves is generally few centimeters but, in some cases, they can reach values comparable or even greater than the local tidal elevation. In the perspective of sea-level rise, their assessment can be relevant for sound coastal work planning and port management. Events having the highest energy were selected for detailed analysis and the main features were identified and characterized by means of wavelet transform. The most important one occurred on 14 October 2016, when the oscillations, generated by an abrupt jump in the atmospheric pressure, achieved a maximum wave height of 50 cm and lasted for about three hours.

The infrared thermal wave imaging detection of micro-crack defects in Ti-Al alloy plate

The Ti-Al alloy has good physical, chemical and mechanical properties, and it is the preferred material in aerospace and other special fields. The laser spots array is used for thermal excitation of the Ti-Al alloy specimen. Based on the fractional differential equation and Fourier heat conduction equation, the fractional heat transfer model of Ti-Al alloy plate specimen ex-cited by short pulse laser spots array is established, and the infrared thermal imaging simulation analysis is carried out by finite element method. The effects of crack width, crack depth and the distance between the crack and its nearest laser spot center on temperature abrupt jump is analyzed. With the increase of crack width and depth, the temperature abrupt jump increases, but the trend gradually slows down. The distance between the crack and its nearest laser spot center has a significant effect on the temperature abrupt jump. With the increase of the distance, the temperature abrupt jump first increases and then decreases. When the distance equals the laser spot radius, that is, the crack is tangent to the spot, the temperature abrupt jump reaches its maximum.

Jump Resonance in Fractional Order Circuits

The occurrence of an hysteretic loop in the frequency response of a driven nonlinear system is a phenomenon deeply investigated in nonlinear control theory. Such a phenomenon, which is linked to the multistable behavior of the system, is called jump resonance, since the magnitude of the frequency response is subjected to an abrupt jump up/down with respect to the increasing/decreasing of the frequency of the driving signal. In this paper, we aim at investigating fractional order nonlinear systems showing jump resonance, that is systems in which the order of the derivative is noninteger and their frequency response has a magnitude that is a multivalued function in a given range of frequencies. Furthermore, a strategy for designing fractional order systems showing jump resonance is presented along with the procedure to design and implement an analog circuit based on the approximation of the fractional order derivative. An extensive numerical analysis allows one to assess that the phenomenon is robust to the difference in the derivative order, enlightening the first example of a system with order lower than two which is able to demonstrate a jump resonance behavior.

Application of Interrupted Time Series Modelling to Prime Motor Spirit Distribution in Nigeria

An inspection of the time-plot of monthly Prime Motor Spirit (PMS) distribution in Nigeria from 2009 to 2015 reveals an abrupt jump in January 2013 with the series continuing at that level till 2015. Clearly the trend of the series was interrupted in January 2013 and it is believed that this perturbation was due to the deregulation of the downstream sector of the crude oil industry. A t-test comparison of the pre- and the post-intervention means is highly significant (p < 0.0001) indicating the impact of the intervention. A model of the ARIMA family was to be fitted to the pre-intervention data which were observed to have a downward trend and be non-stationary. Differencing once rendered it stationary. An adequate ARIMA(2,1,0) model was fitted to the original pre-intervention series. Post-intervention forecasts were obtained on the basis of this model. These forecasts were subtracted from their respective post-intervention counterpart observations. These differences were modelled to obtain the transfer function of the intervention. The resultant intervention model closely fits the post-intervention data and may be used to explain and control the situation.