drainage problem
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2022 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananta Bonar ◽  
Dahril

Objective: This study aims to review the usage and complication of paramedian approach for CAPD catheter insertion. Material & Methods: This is a retrospective study. All ESRD patients ongoing CAPD at the Dialysis Clinic of Zainoel Abidin General Hospital in Aceh, Indonesia between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2018 were included in the present study. Complication outcomes included mechanical and infectious complications are documented and reviewed. Results: A total of 190 ESRD patients had been performed CAPD catheter insertion using paramedian approach in this period. Out of these patients, complication occurred in 31 cases (16.32%). All the complication that occurred in this study are 5 cases of leakage (2.63%), 9 cases of infection (4.74%), 8 cases of drainage problem (4.21%), 9 cases of malposition (4.74%), and no case of bowel perforation. From total of 9 cases of infections, 1 patient had peritonitis from the catheter insertion. The other infection was exit site infection. Conclusion: CAPD catheter insertion using paramedian approach is safe with low complication rates. It could decrease post-operative complications and can be recommended for CAPD catheter insertion technique due to its safety.


Fractals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (07) ◽  
pp. 2050124
Author(s):  
RASHID NAWAZ ◽  
NASIR ALI ◽  
LAIQ ZADA ◽  
ZAHIR SHAH ◽  
ASIFA TASSADDIQ ◽  
...  

In this paper, a comparative study of natural transform decomposition method and new iterative method is presented. The proposed methods are tested upon nonlinear fractional order foam drainage problem and fractional order modified regularized long-wave equation. The solutions obtained by the proposed methods have been compared with the classical solutions and the solution obtained by Adomian decomposition method. Furthermore, the efficiency and reliability of the proposed methods are shown with the help of numerical and graphical results. The fractional order derivatives are defined in Caputo’s sense whose order belongs to the closed interval [0,1]. The results reveal that the methods are quickly convergent and yield encouraging results.


Author(s):  
Hadush Gebreyohannes ◽  
Ahmed Degu

The stormwater drainage problem is one of the major challenges facing in Shire Endaslasse town, Ethiopia. In a town, Street flooding and overtopping drainage system problems are occurring during the rainy season. This causes ponding which poses difficulties in ease of transportation and it hinders the day-to-day activity of the people. So, the study focuses on the performance of the stormwater drainage system in Shire Endaslasse town using Arc GIS and SWMM5.1. For this study, the primary data were collected by field surveys and interviews with the council body. Simulation results for storm events show that in some of the drainage systems in different regions of Shire Endaslasse town have flooded. During the field observation, the drainage structures are filled with solid wastes, inadequate inlet and outlet structures and some of the top element of the manhole have been broken this may cause a problem of aesthetic and healthy at large it may increase flood risk. The flooding risk in the drainage systems is very high due to the drainage system is undersized to cope with the current rainfall rates, but also is very limited to face the upcoming predicted rainfall.


2020 ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
S. T. Dayok ◽  
A. T. Gani

Exploitation of natural resources is a vital condition of human existence. Population growth leads to competition on the natural resources thus, creating negative impact on the environment leading to the destruction of ecosystems and pollution. The concern here is that human existence is under threat. Benue soils are shallow, underlying clay accumulation with poor internal drainage. This drainage problem often results in problems such as over flooding causing land, water, and air pollution. Crusting is also part of the problems of the soils and may lead to low infiltration and poor seedling germination and emergence. It is hereby suggested that to remedy these problems, land should be used wisely to the benefits of human existence while protecting its value for the use of future generation. Fertilizer and chemicals such as herbicides importation and manufacturing must meet specifications to safeguard the environment. Soil organic matter should be maintained through adequate fertility of the soil and soil survey to avoid failure and to protect the environment. Technology and innovations that fit easily into the existing farming systems should be adopted for easy acceptance by farmers. Importations of machines and implement must meet specifications. Indigenous engineers should be encouraged and supported by the government to design machines that are suitable for the soils and the environment.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-260
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Respondek

Abstract Local roads (district and municipal) play an important role in the road network, especially in rural areas. In recent years, these roads have been largely repaired, which was often associated with the construction of new infrastructure. One of the basic conditions of maintaining the quality of road works is the proper construction or renewal of drainage devices. Errors in this area result in lower durability of the road pavement. It is equally important to maintain these devices later in a good technical condition, which requires spending appropriate funds from local government budgets. The aim of the study presented in the article was to determine the current technical condition of drainage of local roads in the Czestochowa region and to identify the most frequent design and implementation errors, resulting in a rapid loss of functionality of drainage devices. They were based mainly on in situ studies carried out in the area of an exemplary rural municipality. Errors resulting in the lack of continuity of drainage, or the danger of a rapid loss of its functionality are shown with real examples. It was found that despite the shortcomings described, in recent years the technical condition of drainage of local roads has improved, which is related to the systematic overhaul of local roads (including the construction of sidewalks) and the local government's perception of the importance of road drainage problem.


Pro Food ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 376
Author(s):  
Zamzami Zamzami ◽  
Rangga Alif Faresta ◽  
Sindi Nopita Agustina ◽  
Adi Septiawan ◽  
Alan Maulana Karisma

ABSTRACT   Lembah Sampage village, has cacao potential carried out by Tumbuh Subur farmer Group. The data from International Cacao Organizations (ICO) approximates cacao production in the world in 2017 will achieve 4,50 millions tons. Besides, cacao consumption will achieve 4,51 millions tons, so there will be deficit production approximately 10 thousands tons for a year. Cacao optimization is being such a challenge for this farmer group. Drainage problem has dominated in some farmer groups. Weather and climate change often disturb their productivity. Hence, they need dryer tool to solve their problems. Therefore, research is done to stake out prototype of the dryer tool based on hybrid by using electric energy and sun's rays, which is called Smart Cacao Dryer. This research is supposed to create dryer tool which is able to use without considering weather and climate change but it creates cacao seeds which is appropriate to Indonesia national standard. Methods used are designing, assembling, examining, socializing, mentoring, and evaluating the tool. Cacao seeds result dried by using smart cacao dryer showed the same result as Indonesia National standard. The increase of product efficiency showed by the kg on 3-4 day for 4 hours with 400 persentage with 93,5 reduction time.   Keywords: smart cacao dryer, cacao seeds, Tanah Subur Farmer group.   ABSTRAK   Desa Lembah Sempage memilki potensi  kakao yang dikelola oleh Kelompok Tani Tumbuh Subur. Data International Cacao Organization (ICCO) memperkirakan produksi kakao dunia pada tahun 2017 akan mencapai 4,50 juta ton, sementara konsumsi akan mencapai 4,51 juta ton, sehingga akan terjadi defisit produksi sekitar 10 ribu ton per tahun. Pengoptimalan kakao menjadi tantangan tersendiri bagi kelompok tani Tumbuh Subur, permasalahan pengeringan masih mendominasi di sebagian kelompok tani, perubahan cuaca, iklim sering menghambat produktivitas mereka. Sehingga dibutuhkan sebuah alat pengeringan yang mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut. Untuk itu dilakukan penelitian untuk merancang prototipe alat pengering kakao berbasis hybrid, dengan penggunaan energy listrik dan sinar matahari yang diberi nama Smart Cacao Dryer. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan alat pengering yang mampu digunakan tanpa memperhatikan perubahan cuaca, iklim namun memiliki kualitas biji  kakao yang sesuai dengan Standar Nasional Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan yaitu perancangan alat, perakitan alat, pengujian, sosialisasi, mentoring dan evaluasi.. Hasil biji kakao yang dikeringkan dengan menggunakan alat Smart Cacao Dryer menunjukan hasil yang sama dengan Standar Nasional Indonesia. Peningkatan  efisiensi produk di tunjukkan  dengan  adanya  peningkatan kapasitas  produksi  dari 4 kg selama 3-4 hari menjadi 1 6 kg selama 4 jam dengan persentase 400% dengan pengurangan waktu 93,5%.   Kata Kunci : Smart Cacao Dryer, Biji Kakao, Kelompok Tani Tumbuh Subur,


Author(s):  
Saeed Islam ◽  
Kamran Nazir Memon ◽  
Abdul Majeed Siddiqui ◽  
Syed Feroz Shah

This paper investigates the tank drainage problem of an isothermal, unsteady, incompressible electrically conducting Power law fluid. Analytic solution have been obtained from governing continuity and momentum equations subject to appropriate boundary conditions by using Perturbation method. The Power law fluid model solution without MHD is retrieved from this proposed model on substitution . Declaration on behalf of velocity profile, volume flux, average velocity, connection of time with respect to length of the tank and requirement of time for whole drainage of fluid are acquired. Special effects of numerous emerging parameter’s on velocity profile vz and depth of the fluid in the tank are graphically presented. Keywords: Tank drainage, Power law MHD fluid, Analytical solution.


2018 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 01007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phuong Thao Dang ◽  
Vu Chi Dang

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is recognized as one of the most serious environmental problem associated with mining industry. Acid water, also known as acid mine drainage forms when iron sulfide minerals found in the rock of coal seams are exposed to oxidizing conditions in coal mining. Until 2009, mine drainage in Hongai coal mines was not treated, leading to harmful effects on humans, animals and aquatic ecosystem. This report has examined acid mine drainage problem and techniques for acid mine drainage treatment in Hongai coal mines. In addition, selection and criteria for the design of the treatment systems have been presented.


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