Effect of different plants’ aromatic essential oils on frozen Awassi lamb meat’s chemical and physical characteristics

The effect of drenching Awassi lambs with three aromatic essential oils from sage (Salvia officinalis L.), clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.), and laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) was investigated on meat chemical and physical characteristics, and oxidative and deterioration measurements. Twenty-four Awassi lambs, five to six months old, were divided into four groups. A concentrated diet was provided to the lambs at a rate of 3% of the body weight. The treatments were as follows: T1 was served as the untreated control, while T2, T3, and T4 were drenched with oils of sage, clove, and laurel, respectively. Drenching was carried out using water-soluble capsules containing 500 mg oil/capsule/day. Treatments lasted 90 days. At the end of the treatment period, the animals were fasted overnight and slaughtered. The carcasses were cleaned and kept at 4°C for 24 h. The longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle was then separated and preserved in a plastic bag for three preservation periods: no freezing and 30 days and 60 days freezing at −18°C. Several physical, fat, and protein stability analyses of meat were done after the preservation periods. The results indicated no significant effect of drenching Awassi lambs with different aromatic essential oils on the meat’s physical and chemical characteristics. However, these oils, especially clove oil, affected fat and protein stability with increasing preservation period by freezing.

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The Effect of Essential Oil Intake on Changes of Plasma Antioxidant Status in Mice

Acta Veterinaria Brno ◽

10.2754/avb200776030357 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 76 (3) ◽

pp. 357-361 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Š. Faix ◽

Š. Juhas ◽

Z. Faixová

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Antioxidant Status ◽

Total Antioxidant Status ◽

The Body ◽

Thymus Vulgaris ◽

High Dose ◽

Syzygium Aromaticum ◽

Lower Growth ◽

Total Antioxidant

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of four essential oils intake by feed, namely Origanum vulgare, Thymus vulgaris, Cinnamomum zeylanicum Ness, and Syzygium aromaticum on antioxidant status in mice in vivo. Essential oils were in the aether oleum form. They were diluted with ethanol absolute mixed with ground pelett (0.1, 0.25, 0.57 and 1% concentration) and thereafter ethanol was evaporated. SOD, GPx activities and TAS were measured in erythrocytes and plasma spectrophotometrically with Ransod, Ransel and TAS kits from RANDOX, respectively. GPX activity showed a significant increase in 0.25% and 0.1% concentration of Origani aetheroleum. The GPx activities were decreased in 1% concentration of Thymi aetheroleum and 0.57% concentration of Cinnamomi aetheroleum and 0.57% concentration of Caryophylli aetheroleum. The total antioxidant status showed a significant decrease in 1 % concentration of Origani aetheroleum and significantly increased in 0.1% concentration. The same results were found in Thymi aetheroleum. Cinnamomi aetheroleum and Caryophylli aetheroleum had not effect on total antioxidant status. SOD activities were not significantly changed after intake of essential oils. In conclusion, our results showed, that concentration of essential oil is very important for antioxidant status and also for metabolism of mice, because a high dose of essential oil has adverse effect on metabolism of mice, representated by a lower growth of the body weight. On the other hand, essential oils at lower concentrations have positive effect on antioxidant status of mice.

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Essential Oils as a Feed Additives: Pharmacokinetics and Potential Toxicity in Monogastric Animals

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani9060352 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 352 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Pavel Horky ◽

Sylvie Skalickova ◽

Kristyna Smerkova ◽

Jiri Skladanka

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Reproductive Toxicity ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Feed Additives ◽

The Body ◽

Syzygium Aromaticum ◽

High Antibacterial Activity ◽

Active Substances

Essential oils (EOs) are now a hot topic in finding modern substitutes for antibiotics. Many studies have shown positive results and confirmed their high antibacterial activity both in vitro and in vivo. Deservedly, there is an attempt to use EOs as a substitute for antibiotics, which are currently limited by legislation in animal breeding. Given the potential of EOs, studies on their fate in the body need to be summarized. The content of EO’s active substances varies depending on growing conditions and consequently on processing and storage. Their content also changes dynamically during the passage through the gastrointestinal tract and their effective concentration can be noticeably diluted at their place of action (small intestine and colon). Based on the solubility of the individual EO’s active substances, they are eliminated from the body at different rates. Despite a strong antimicrobial effect, some oils can be toxic to the body and cause damage to the liver, kidneys, or gastrointestinal tissues. Reproductive toxicity has been reported for Origanum vulgare and Mentha arvensis. Several publications also address the effect on the genome. It has been observed that EOs can show both genoprotective effects (Syzygium aromaticum) and genotoxicity, as is the case of Cinnamomum camphor. This review shows that although oils are mainly studied as promising antimicrobials, it is also important to assess animal safety.

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Antifungal activity of essential oils and their volatile constituents against respiratory tract pathogens causing Aspergilloma and Aspergillosis by gaseous contact

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v4i1.224 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 65-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Veena Uniyal ◽

R. P. Bhatt ◽

Seema Saxena ◽

Amitabh Talwar

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Pinus Palustris ◽

The Body ◽

Syzygium Aromaticum ◽

Foeniculum Vulgare ◽

Volatile Constituents ◽

Trachyspermum Ammi ◽

Inhibition Zones ◽

Gaultheria Procumbens

Aspergillosis is an acute chronic and rapidly fatal disease which is not contagious. Invasive Aspergillosis is often found in severely immuno-suppressed patients, and is characterized by invasion of blood vessels which can result into dissemination to other organs. Aspergilloma is a fungal ball that develops in previous cavitary lung lesions. Essential oils and their volatile constituents have been used as antifungal, anti-infectious and antimicrobial agents. Inhalation of vapours of the essential oils kill invaders attached to the inner respiratory lining and worksynergistically with the body defences. In this study, 16 essential oils were used against Aspergillus niger and A. fumigatus of which about 14 oils proved to be effective. Results showed that the most effective oils against both Aspergillus species were found to be of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (Cinnamon), Syzygium aromaticum (Clove), Carum carvi (Caraway), Cymbopogon citrates (Lemongrass), Foeniculum vulgare (Fennel) and Myristica fragrans (Nutmeg). Moderately effective oils were of Gaultheria procumbens (Wintergreen), Pinus palustris (Turpentine), Sesamum indicum (Sesame), Trachyspermum ammi (Ajowain) and Origanum vulgare (Oregano). The oils of Lavandula augustifolia (Lavender), Elletaria cardamomum (Cardamon) and Cymbopogon nardus (Citronella) showed minimum activity. Azadirachta indica (Neem) and Linum usitatissimum (Linseed) showed no activity giving no inhibition zones.

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Deep Cavitand Calixarene–Solubilized Fullerene as a Potential Photodynamic Agent

Frontiers in Chemistry ◽

10.3389/fchem.2021.710808 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Tian-Xing Zhang ◽

Juan-Juan Li ◽

Hua-Bin Li ◽

Dong-Sheng Guo

Keyword(s):

Biomedical Applications ◽

Water Solubility ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

The Body ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Grinding Method ◽

Hydrophobic Nature ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

Fullerene has attracted much attention in biomedical research due to its unique physical and chemical properties. However, the hydrophobic nature of fullerene is limited to deploy in the body, given that the biofluids are mainly water. In this study, a water-soluble supramolecular nanoformulation based on a deep cavitand calixarene (SAC4A) and fullerene is developed to overcome the hydrophobicity of fullerene and is used as a potential photodynamic agent. SAC4A solubilizes fullerene very well with a simple grinding method. The significantly increased water solubility of fullerene enables efficient activation of reactive oxygen species. The host–guest strategy to solubilize fullerene can not only provide a new method to achieve water solubility but also expand the biomedical applications of fullerene.

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Using of Different Kinds of Aromatic Oils with Feeding on Some Productive Traits in Awassi Lambs

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/910/1/012046 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 910 (1) ◽

pp. 012046

Author(s):

Ahmed A. Adhab ◽

Ziyad T. Aldoori ◽

Bashar A. Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

The Body ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Control Group ◽

Clove Oil ◽

Plastic Tube ◽

Body Dimensions ◽

Productive Traits ◽

Aromatic Oils ◽

Awassi Lambs

Abstract This study was conducted in the animal farm of the College of Veterinary Medicine/Tikrit University for the period from 01/10/2019 to 31/12/2019 to investigate the effect of using different kinds of aromatic oils on some productive traits in Awassi lambs. Twenty Awassi lambs aged between 5-6 month and divided according to weight into four group and hens in an individual cages, the study lasted for 90 day. concentrate diet provided to the lambs at 3% of their body weight. the treatment were as follows : T1 was a control group without drenching, T2 drenched with sage oil, T3 drenched with clove oil and T4 drenched with laurel oil. drenching process was done manually by using water-soluble capsules each one contain 500 mg of oil, each lambs was given one capsule/day. which is pushed by using a plastic tube in to the beginning of esophagus. to study the effect of these oils on weight characteristics, body dimensions and wool characteristics. The results showed that there was no significant effect of the treatments on body weight characteristics. As for the measurements of the body dimensions after a month of the experiment, laurel oil, clove oil and sage oil had a significant effect on the chest circumference, the width of the body at the front, the width of the body at the back and BCS, and also the parameters had a significant effect on the measurements of body dimensions At the end of the experiment, the characteristics of the height of the body at the front, the height of the body at the back, the circumference of the chest, and the length of the body. As for the characteristics of the wool, the oils used led to a decrease in the percentage of clean wool and an increase in the length of the fiber compared to the control.

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Chemical composition of essential oils from leaves and twigs with leaves of two new varieties of common sage (Salvia officinalis L.)

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0030-1264353 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 76 (12) ◽

Author(s):

A Aprotosoaie ◽

E Gille ◽

A Spac ◽

M Gonceariuc ◽

M Hancianu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Salvia Officinalis ◽

New Varieties ◽

Salvia Officinalis L

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REVIEW : KARAKTERISTIK FISIK DAN DAYA IRITASI MINYAK ATSIRI BUNGA CENGKEH (Syzygium aromaticum) DALAM BEBERAPA TIPE BASIS SEBAGAI ANTI-INFLAMASI

Jurnal Ilmiah Ibnu Sina (JIIS): Ilmu Farmasi dan Kesehatan ◽

10.36387/jiis.v5i2.527 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 364-375

Author(s):

Amraini Amelia ◽

◽

Nining Sugihartini ◽

Hari Susanti ◽

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Research Method ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Syzygium Aromaticum ◽

Absorption Properties ◽

Inflammatory Drugs ◽

Clove Essential Oil ◽

Soluble Base ◽

Essential Oil Formulations

This review aims to determine the types of bases that can be used every day, which are effective and efficient as anti-inflammatory drugs. The research method used was to review the development of clove essential oil formulations that have been carried out using various concentrations of various types of bases including M / A type cream, A / M type cream, water soluble base, lotion, emulgel, hydrocarbons, hydrogels and absorbents. The recommended formulation is type M / A cream with a concentration of 5% clove flower essential oil. The types of bases studied were M / A cream, type A / M cream, water soluble base, lotion, emulgel, hydrocarbons, hydrogels and absorption properties which had good physical properties and did not irritate the skin of the test animals. This review refers to several national and international journals released in the last ten years, from 2010 to 2020.

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Lipospheres: Emerging Carriers in the Delivery of Proteins and Peptides

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37285/ijpsn.2008.1.3.2 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 207-214

Author(s):

Manju Rawat ◽

Swarnlata Saraf

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Protein Stability ◽

Biodegradable Polymers ◽

Clinical Utility ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Peptide Delivery ◽

Chemical Instabilities ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Proteins And Peptides

Currently, drug delivery technologies for protein and peptide delivery mainly rely on biodegradable polymers. However, protein stability during release from these systems can be critical due to physical and chemical instabilities. Lipospheres are solid microparticles composed of fat core stabilized by phospholipids layer represent an alternative carrier for the delivery of highly challenging, labile and unstable substances. This review highlights various aspects of lipospheres like physicochemical characteristics and stability for better clinical utility with a wider spectrum of proteins and peptides.

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Contribution to the Optimization of a Gas Chromatographic Method by QbD Approach used for Analysis of Essential Oils from Salvia officinalis

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.19.6.7266 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (6) ◽

pp. 2015-2020

Author(s):

Silvia Robu ◽

Aurelia Romila ◽

Olimpia Dumitriu Buzia ◽

Adrian Florin Spac ◽

Camelia Diaconu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Plant Material ◽

Mobile Phase ◽

Chromatographic Method ◽

Salvia Officinalis ◽

Salvia Officinalis L ◽

Gas Chromatographic Method

Numerous articles on Salvia officinalis L. have been published regarding the composition of their essential oil. The considerable variation found may be due to the quality of the plant material as well as to the methods used for analysis. A simple GC-MS method was developed and optimized in the QbD approach, for the determination of sage essential oils. The optimization of GC-MS analysis was performed using different mobile phase flows, injection volumes, split ratios and temperature programs. The optimized method proved to be simple and can be successfully applied for the determination of sage essential oils.

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The Paradox of Pain

The Philosophical Quarterly ◽

10.1093/pq/pqaa084 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Adam Bradley

Keyword(s):

Bodily Pain ◽

Physical Characteristics ◽

The Body ◽

Mental Characteristics

Abstract Bodily pain strikes many philosophers as deeply paradoxical. The issue is that pains seem to bear both physical characteristics, such as a location in the body, and mental characteristics, such being mind-dependent. In this paper I clarify and address this alleged paradox of pain. I begin by showing how a further assumption, Objectivism, the thesis that what one feels in one’s body when one is in pain is something mind-independent, is necessary for the generation of the paradox. Consequently, the paradox can be avoided if one rejects this idea. However, doing so raises its own difficulties, for it is not obvious how anything can possess all of the features we typically associate with bodily pain. To address this puzzle and finally put the paradox of pain to rest, I develop the Embodied View, a novel metaphysical account on which pains are constitutively mind-dependent features of parts of a subject’s body.

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