A COMPARATIVE CLINICAL STUDY OF PANCHAPALAKA GHRITA AND DHANYAKA GHRITA IN UDAVARTINI YONIVYAPAD

Background and Objectives: Menstrual cycle is the natural regular change occur in the female reproduc-tive system. Menstruation is often associated with problems of irregular menstruation, disorders in men-strual bleeding and dysmenorrhoea, among which dysmenorrhoea is the most common gynecological prob-lem. Dysmenorrhoea is painful cramps of uterine origin. If it is severe it causes high impact on women’s life. It leads to restriction in daily activities, a lower academic performance in adolescents, and poor quality of sleep and has negative effects on mood causing anxiety and depression. In Ayurveda 20 types of Yoni Vyapada are described out of which Udavartini is one which is character-ized by painful menstruation and can be correlated with primary dysmenorrhoea. Objectives: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of Panchapalaka Ghrita and Dhanyaka Ghrita in the management of Udavartini Yonivyapad. Methodology: This research work was a randomized comparative clinical study of 40 patients suffering from cardinal symptoms of Udavartini, were randomly selected and categorized into 2 groups of 20 patient each. Group A was treated with Panchapalaka Ghrita and group B with Dhanyaka Ghrita. Both Ghritas were given in Apanakaala (before food) with Sukhoshna Jala as Anupana. Duration of Treatment- 10 days (Starting 7days before commencement of cycle till 3rd day of menstrual cycle) for 3 consecutive cycle. Results and Interpretation- Both the groups showed statistically significant results. Statistically there was no significant difference between the groups Conclusion: Both Panchapalaka Ghrita and Dhanyaka Ghrita has equal effect in Udavartini Yonivyapad

Antiulcer and Antioxidant Activity of a Lectin from Mucuna pruriens Seeds on Ethanol- induced Gastropathy: Involvement of Alpha-2 Adrenoceptors and Prostaglandins

Ethnopharmacological Relevance:Mucuna pruriens (Mp) belongs to Leguminosae family, it is native of tropical regions and used to treat several maladies such as urinary, neurological, and menstruation disorders, constipation, edema, fever, tuberculosis, ulcers, diabetes, arthritis, dysentery, and cardiovascular diseases. Mp seeds are rich in bioactive compounds, for instance, lectins, a heterogeneous group of proteins and glycoproteins with a potential role as therapeutic tools for several conditions, including gastric disorders. This study investigated the acute toxicity, gastroprotective, and antioxidant activities of a lectin from Mucuna pruriens seeds (MpLec) on ethanol-induced gastropathy model in mice.Materials & Methods:Mice received MpLec (5 or 10 mg/kg; i.v.) and were observed for acute toxicity signs; in another experimental series, mice were pre-treated with MpLec (0.001; 0.01 or 0.1 mg/kg, i.v.), ranitidine (80 mg/kg, p.o.), or saline (0.3 mL/30g, i.v.) before ethanol 99.9% (0.2 mL/animal, p.o.), and euthanized 30 min after ethanol challenge. Macroscopic and microscopic gastric aspects, biochemical parameters (tissue hemoglobin levels, iron-induced lipid peroxidation, GSH content, SOD activity, and gastric mucosal PGE2) were measured. Additionally, pharmacological tools (yohimbine, indomethacin, naloxone, L-NAME) were opportunely used to clarify MpLec gastroprotective mechanisms of action.Results:No toxicity signs nor death were observed at acute toxicity tests. MpLec reduced ethanol-induced gastric damage, edema, and hemorrhagic patches formation, as well as decreased lipid peroxidation, SOD activity, and increased GSH content. Yohimbine and indomethacin prevented MpLec effects, suggesting the involvement of alpha-2 adrenoceptors and prostaglandins in the MpLec-mediated effects.Conclusion:MpLec does not present toxicity signs and shows gastroprotective and antioxidant activities via alpha-2 adrenoceptors and prostaglandins in the ethanol-induced gastropathy model.

Incidence of complications after laparoscopic and hysteroscopic surgeries for uterine myomas

Aim: to assess the incidence of complications after laparoscopic and hysteroscopic myomectomy.Materials and methods. The results of 378 laparoscopic and 292 hysteroscopic surgeries for uterine fibroids (myomas) have been retrospectively analyzed. All patients were examined for their history of gynecological and concomitant non-gynecological diseases, past surgeries, and the menstrual, sexual and reproductive functions. The patients underwent clinical blood analysis, urinalysis, electrocardiography and chest X-ray test, blood group and rhesus factor determination, hemostasis assay, blood analysis for RV, HIV and tumor markers, as well as transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound using SSD-1200 and SSD-2000 devices (Aloka Ltd, Japan). We characterized the patients by the type of surgical intervention (laparoscopic or hysteroscopic), and also by age, indications for surgery, the number of fibroids and their locations, size of the uterus, presence of extragenital and genital disorders, and also by the surgery techniques. The post-surgery complication incidence rate was calculated and expressed as percentage (%), arithmetic mean (M), and standard error of the mean (m).Results. The overall incidence of severe postoperative complications did not differ between laparoscopic (2.7 ± 0.8 %) and hysteroscopic (2.1 ± 0.8 %) operations for uterine myomas (p > 0.05). The incidence of complications was significantly higher in women operated by laparoscopy if they underwent simultaneous operations (12.3 ± 4.0 % vs. 0.6 ± 0.4 % for non-simultaneous operations), if the number of fibroids was > 4 (3.9 ± 1.4 % vs. 1.1 ± 0.8 % in those with < 4 fibroids), in the presence of anemia (8.2 ± 2.9 % vs. 1.0 ± 0.6 % in cases with no anemia), and in patients with menstruation disorders (4.9 ± 1.8 % vs. 1.3 ± 0.7 % with normal menstruation). The operated patients significantly differed by the number of uterine fibroids: the average number of fibroids was larger in those operated laparoscopically (2.9 ± 0.05 vs. 2.3 ± 0.04; p < 0.01); the proportion of patients with 4 or more fibroids was also significantly higher in those patients (53.7 ± 2.6 % vs. 30.1 ± 2.7 %; p < 0.001). The compared groups also differed in the location of their myomas.Conclusion. The risk of postoperative complications after laparoscopic surgery is relatively high if simultaneous operations take place, if the number of fibroids is ³ 4, and in the presence of anemia or menstruation disorder.

Nutritional Status Associated with Menstruation Disorders

Menstrual disorders such as delayed menstruation, irregular cycle, menstrual pain, or hypermenorea can bring so much discomfort to women caused by biological abnormalities and psychological factors. However, nutritional status can also play a role in contributing to this disorder. This study aimed to determine the relationship of nutritional status to menstrual disorders in midwifery students. This descriptive analytical study used a cross sectional study design and a correlation study to find the relationship between the independent variables and dependent variables. The samples were all the first grade students of Midwifery Department of Poltekkes Jakarta Kemenkes III by 150 people. Based on the bivariate test, there was a relationship between nutritional status and polimenorea/oligomenorea (0.000), hipermenorea/hipomenorea (0.006) and amhea (0.001). The lecturers of the midwifery program are expected to put more concern on this problem by providing counseling about this issue so that the students can get prepared to face the disorder by having nutritional food in their daily life.

Assessment of premorbid background in pregnant women with obesity of various degrees

Aim. Comparative evaluation of premorbid background in pregnant women with obesity of various degrees. Methods. A comparative evaluation of premorbid background in 82 pregnant women with obesity class 1 (49 patients), class 2 (22) and class 3 (11) and 65 somatically healthy females was performed on the basis of somatic and obstetric and gynecological history. Results. In obese females in 30.5% of cases menstruation disorders were observed, most pronounced in obesity class 3 that exceeds the number in control group by 3.0 times. Out from gynecological diseases, in pregnant women with obesity class 2 and 3 the most common were colpitis - 2.0 and 2.6 times more prevalent, adnexitis - 1.5 and 1.2 times more, cervical erosion - 1.8 and 2.4 times more, endometritis - 2.2 and 1.5 times more, secondary infertility - 3.0 and 6.1 times more prevalent than in the control group. In comparison with the control group, in obesity class 2 and 3, respiratory diseases were diagnosed 1.3 and 2.5 times more often; cardiovascular disease - 2.9 and 5.9 times more, arterial hypertension - 3.0 and 12.1 times more, chronic gastritis - 1.3 and 1.7 times more, chronic cholecystitis - 1.2 and 2.4 times more, and chronic pyelonephritis - 1.8 and 2.4 times more often. Conclusion. In pregnant obese women a high prevalence of gynecological and somatic diseases was detected, that creates unfavorable conditions for pregnancy; the obtained results have a prognostic value in terms of pre-conceptional preparation of obese women.