resting metabolism
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2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3D) ◽  
pp. 552-564
Author(s):  
Pawandeep Kaur ◽  
Nishan Singh Deol

This study aimed to investigate the evaluation of body mass index and resting metabolism of sedentary and active elderly men from Punjab, India. Methods: Participants (N = 180) of the sedentary group (N = 90) and active group (N = 90) elderly people from Punjab were selected to act as study subjects. The study was delimited to sedentary and active male elderly, recruited between 60 and 70, 71 to 80 and 81 to 90 years, respectively. Results: The results of the studies in both variables found that there was a statistically significant difference in both variables with p-value of body mass index 0.02 (P <0.05) and p value of resting metabolism was 0.03 (P <0.05) of active and sedentary male elderly adults. Conclusion: In conclusion, the study revealed that, for people who practice moderate or vigorous physical activities, body mass index and resting metabolism change with aging.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Ruiz ◽  
Apostolos‐Manuel Koussoroplis ◽  
Michael Danger ◽  
Jean‐Pierre Aguer ◽  
Nicole Morel‐Desrosiers ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cruz ◽  
Deolinda Rasteiro ◽  
Filipe Carvalho ◽  
Jorge Lains ◽  
Luis Roseiro

Abstract Background The adduction and abduction movement (closing and open the legs) are important tasks in daily activities. The evaluation and monitor of the force exerted by the adductor muscles can be used as a rehabilitation progress indicator, particularly in people with injuries in the central nervous system or motor neurons. The development of biomechanical devices to quantify and identify patterns in this type of force with healthy people can be a contribution in this domain. This work, approved by the Ethical Committee of IPC, aims to evaluate the force applied by the adductor muscles from a healthy group of students, performing the closing legs task. Methods The study was carried out at Applied Biomechanics Laboratory of IPC, with a group of 32 healthy volunteers from the student community (19-26 yo), half men - half women, without lower limb injuries, 59,38% with a prevalence of sedentary lifestyle. Volunteers, sitting in a comfortable position, press a biomechanical device placed between the legs. The time-force was registered for four discrete open-leg positions. Results The maximum mean forces were 199N in women and 257N in men, both in the shorter range of the open-leg position. The peak of force decreases with open leg distance for both genders and was achieved between 34%–54% of the performance time ([3, 28] seconds). Moderate correlations were identified between forces applied and skeletal muscles and resting metabolism. Conclusion The time-force applied was identified and registered with a developed biomechanical device. Obtained values are reliable and can be a support for future investigations.


2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (8S) ◽  
pp. 300-300
Author(s):  
Lacey Gould ◽  
Hannah Cabre ◽  
Gabrielle Brewer ◽  
Malia Blue ◽  
Katie Hirsch ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Lacey M. Gould ◽  
Hannah E. Cabre ◽  
Gabrielle J. Brewer ◽  
Katie R. Hirsch ◽  
Malia N.M. Blue ◽  
...  

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1033
Author(s):  
Kaixuan Che ◽  
Junqiang Qiu ◽  
Longyan Yi ◽  
Menghui Zou ◽  
Zhihui Li ◽  
...  

Periodized carbohydrate availability can enhance exercise capacity, but the effects of short-term fat adaptation carbohydrate restoration (FACR) diets on metabolic responses and exercise performance in endurance athletes have not been conclusively determined. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a FACR diet on measures of resting metabolism, exercise metabolism, and exercise performance. Well-trained male runners (n = 8) completed a FACR dietary intervention (five days’ carbohydrate < 20% and fat > 60% energy, plus one-day carbohydrate ≥ 70% energy), and a control high-carbohydrate (HCHO) diet for six days (carbohydrate > 60% energy; fat < 20% energy) in a randomized crossover design. Pre- and post-intervention metabolic measures included resting metabolic rate (RMR), respiratory quotient (RQ), maximum fat oxidation rate during exercise (MFO), and maximum fat oxidation intensity (FATmax). Measures of exercise performance included maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), running economy (RE), and 5 km running time trial (5 km-TT). In FACR compared with HCHO, there were significant improvements in FATmax (p = 0.006) and RE (p = 0.048). There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between FACR and HCHO in RMR, RQ, VO2max, or 5 km-TT. Findings suggest that a short-term (six days) FACR diet may facilitate increased fat oxidation and submaximal exercise economy but does not improve 5 km-TT performance.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amadeusz Bryła ◽  
Agata Bury ◽  
Jowita Niedojadło ◽  
John R. Speakman ◽  
Edyta T. Sadowska ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1942) ◽  
pp. 20202059
Author(s):  
Stephanie Reher ◽  
Kathrin H. Dausmann

Many tropical mammals are vulnerable to heat because their water budget limits the use of evaporative cooling for heat compensation. Further increasing temperatures and aridity might consequently exceed their thermoregulatory capacities. Here, we describe two novel modes of torpor, a response usually associated with cold or resource bottlenecks, as efficient mechanisms to counter heat. We conducted a field study on the Malagasy bat Macronycteris commersoni resting in foliage during the hot season, unprotected from environmental extremes. On warm days, the bats alternated between remarkably short micro-torpor bouts and normal resting metabolism within a few minutes. On hot days, the bats extended their torpor bouts over the hottest time of the day while tolerating body temperatures up to 42.9°C. Adaptive hyperthermia combined with lowered metabolic heat production from torpor allows higher heat storage from the environment, negates the need for evaporative cooling and thus increases heat tolerance. However, it is a high-risk response as the torpid bats cannot defend body temperature if ambient temperature increases above a critical/lethal threshold. Torpor coupled with hyperthermia and micro-torpor bouts broaden our understanding of the basic principles of thermal physiology and demonstrate how mammals can perform near their upper thermal limits in an increasingly warmer world.


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