Curriculum of Children's Education in the Hadith of Muḥammad the Prophet

The family is the first and basic institution among the various responsible social institutions for preparing the child to enter social life, to be a good and effective element in its maintenance on the basis of righteousness, goodness and effective construction. It is the starting point that affects all stages of life, positively and negatively. The first is the marital relationship through birth, nursery, pre-puberty and ending with complete independence after the self-reliance. Childhood took a large part in the Hadiths of the Messenger of God, and the scholars of Hadith who unanimously agreed on the honorable Sunnah of the Prophet took care of this aspect, and they did not neglect the provisions and manners related to the child in all of their books in the field of Hadith. We will follow in this study, the method of children's education, which was mentioned by the hadiths of the Noble Prophet. The Messenger of God, gave the birth of a child a dignified care, for he birth of a child is not an ordinary matter that passes without attention. It is the right of the newborn baby to be called and choose a good name for him, to remove the harm from him, to be tender, to be called upon, to bless him, to teach him and to watch him, and to treat him.

MELITOPOL SCHOOL OF APPLIED GEOMETRY. HISTORY AND WORK EXPERIENCE

The work examines the history of formation, development and the main scientific works of the Melitopol School of Applied Geometry. The materials give a general characteristic of the main scientific directions of the school: variable discrete geometric modeling (VDGM) and point calculus Balyub-Naidish (BN calculus). The materials cover the list and peculiarities of scientific and organizational measures carried out by scientists of the school. The scientific school of applied geometry was founded by Meer Moiseevich Yuditsky in the 60s of the last century. The active personal, scientific and organizational activities of M. M. Yuditsky, the participation of scientists of the department in conferences and seminars of various levels, the defense of dissertations that took place in subsequent years gave the basis for the formation of a regional scientific center for applied geometry on the basis of the department. In 1977, Vladimir Mikhailovich Naydysh became the head of the school, which was called the Melitopol Scientific School of Applied Geometry. One of the significant results of the work of the school and its head personally is the holding in Melitopol of the annual International Scientific and Practical Conference "Modern Problems of Geometric Modeling" (held since 1994). The main scientific direction of the school is the development of the theory and applied aspects of discrete applied geometry. Since 2007, Andrei Vladimirovich Naydysh, Doctor of Technical Sciences, took over the leadership of the scientific school. Today, the basic institution of higher education for the school is the Bogdan Khmelnitsky Melitopol State Pedagogical University. Materials The modern state of the school, the level of its scientific developments, the personal achievements of the school's specialists give reason to consider the Melitopol School of Applied Geometry as having all the features of a scientific school by type - a school as a research team.

Ukrainian language as a factor of state formation: scientific principles and models of implementation (transcript of scientific report at the meeting of the Presidium of NAS of Ukraine, January 20, 2021)

The report emphasizes that the language development of the state remains a priority for the legislative and executive power, academics and the public. In recent years, the volume and complexity of the study of the Ukrainian language has increased, including substantiation of ways and forms of nationalization of the Ukrainian language, achieving conflict-free linguistic existence of society, which requires further development and deepening of academic research, expansion of issues aimed at meeting the practical needs of state building, improving the structure and expanding staffing and logistics of the basic institution in linguo-ukrainistic studies: the Institute of the Ukrainian Language of the NAS of Ukraine.

The Changes of Forms of Public Contestation in PostDemocracy

The paper discusses the main trends in changing forms of political contestation of citizens in contemporary competitive and non-competitive political regimes. Social transformations led to the destruction of traditional social groups capable of joint political action. Along with social changes in the political sphere, the nature of the basic institution of political contestation - political parties - has changed, acting as political opposition. Contemporary political party reduces the scale of citizen involvement in political action, increasing the cost of political advertising, thereby becoming dependent on influential economic interest groups and state funding. The weakening of the political pressure of society through institutionalized channels led to the disappointment of the democratic system as a whole. Citizens in the contemporary world increasingly prefer noninstitutionalized and illegitimate forms of political action. However, observations of dispute practices in North Africa, the Middle East, Spain, the United States, France, and Russia in the 2010s demonstrate that the dominant position of institutional channels of influence on political and public decisions has been maintained. New opportunities of the Internet for organizing collective actions of citizens have not led to the formation of a new identity of dissatisfied people and the consolidation of effective online deliberation practices.

Role perception and role performance of the women members of village Grampanchayat

Grampanchayat is the most important basic institution for the development of village. In the present study in all 125 women members were selected by adopting following criteria of Nth method. Initially, the list of the women members were prepared alphabetically and then from the said list alternate member were selected as respondents. Hence, out of 250 women Grampanchayat members in all 125 were covered under the study. It was observed that more than half (52.00 per cent) of the respondents had medium level of their role perception while 26.00 per cent and 21.60 per cent of them had high and low level of role perception about functioning of Grampanchayat respectively. Nearly half (48.00 per cent) of the respondents had medium level of role performance while 31.20 per cent of them had low level of role performance and 20.80 per cent of them had high level of role performance.

“United Russia” as the Basic Institution of the Personalist Regime

This article describes the “United Russia” party as a party that appeared on the political horizon and reached the parliamentary Olympus thanks to the administrative and political support of the government. This party performs useful functions for the regime to control parliamentary activity, administrative elite, and neutralize the opposition. The political and electoral successes of the party, in particular, reflect the vicissitudes of political support and political choice that the government is dealing with.

Comparative Genealogies of “Contract and Society”

Since contracts form a basic institution of every legal order, the interdisciplinary orientation of concepts of contracts reveals socio-legal inclinations of a legal order more broadly. Contrasting the UK and US Common Law of contracts with developments under German law, this Article examines the relation between normative and social science approaches, notably rooted in economics, economic sociology, and social theory in the genealogy of contract law. A shared leitmotif over the 20th century has been the drive to account for the societal embeddedness of contract. However, conceptualizations of “Contract and Society” differ considerably between legal orders in their disciplinary ingredients and design. In the US, and to a lesser extent also in the UK, the rather continuous reception of legal realism has paved the way for broad interdisciplinary perspectives on contract law, ranging from classical socio-legal, empirical work (e.g., Macaulay), economics (e.g., Williamson), sociology (e.g., Powell), and critical theory (e.g., Kennedy) to today’s landscape, where essentially instrumental and ideal-normative theories compete. Alternatively, in Germany, where the realist heritage was more ephemeral, the transformations of contract law were processed from within legal discourse and foremost in their effects on private autonomy as conceptualized, for example, in German idealism, discourse theory and critical theory. Similarly, the “constitutionalization” of contract law—even if championed for fostering private law’s reflexivity—has, for the most part, defied a socio-legal orientation. Finally, the Article highlights the path dependencies with which these different starting points translate in current debates around the role of contract in transnational governance.

Helfert’s Theory of a Music Museum (“Musical Archive”)

The article is devoted to one of the first modern conceptions of a music museum within the framework of Czech or Czechoslovak ideas on musical museology. This conception originated with the musicologist Vladimír Helfert. The article follows the development of Helfert’s conception, which was realised primarily in the form of the Musical Archive of the Moravian Museum. The article also identifies the constant features of that conception. Helfert conceived of a music museum (“musical archive”) as a basic institution facilitating work on musical historiography, meaning the compiling, cataloguing, and protecting of musical artefacts (especially two-dimensional artefacts), and their presentation of to the expert community.