Analysis of the External and Internal Load in 5vs5 Large Sided Games: Differences Between Different Sized Fields

The study purpose. The purpose of the study is to analyze and understand the internal and external load in Large Sided Games (LSG) exercises carried out on fields of different sizes, defined as Small – Large Sided Games (SLSG) and Big – Large Sided Games (BLSG), according to the different square meters assigned to each player. Materials and methods. 22 professional soccer players (average age: 23.59 ± 4.87 years, weight: 77.8 ± 7.6 kg, height: 183.5 ± 7.5 cm, age training: 13.1 ± 1.7). The LSG exercises were carried out on a 60 x 54 m field (270 m2/player), defined as "small" (SLSG) and on a 65 x 60 m field (325 m2/player) defined as "big" (BLSG). During the two LSG exercises, the internal load and the external load were analyzed. LSG exercises were performed with 4 sets of 5 minutes each, with 2 minutes of passive recovery between each set. Results. The results of the internal load analysis show how the LSG carried out on a SLSG field provides higher and more significant HR values (p < 0.0005) than those emerged during the exercise carried out on a BLSG field. The RPE value is also higher during the SLSG, although statistically no significant difference appears. The analysis of the external load in relation with the observed parameters shows higher values in the BLSG, except for the number of accelerations. Conclusions. In terms of external and internal load, the results of this study showed how the difference of 55 m2/player can radically change the configuration of the two exercises. These differences allow to use both dimensions within a micro-cycle, but in sessions with different goals. The most appropriate sessions for LSGs are the first post-match session in which the rest day is not gone and the fourth session 3 days before the match.

SOSIALISASI TEKNIK PENULISAN ARTIKEL JURNAL ILMIAH UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS PESERTA DIDIK

AbstrakSosialisasi teknik penulisan jurnal ilmiah merupakan kegiatan untuk mengembangkan keterampilan menulis peserta didik. Kemampuan literasi peserta didik perlu dikembangkan guna menambah wawasan berpikir dalam membuat karya tulis ilmiah berupa artikel jurnal. kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memaksimalkan minat menulis peserta didik dan agar memiliki kemampuan untuk mengikuti kompetisi. Selain itu kegiatan ini bertujuan agar peserta didik mengetahui sitematika penulisan artikel jurnal ilmiah sehingga menjadi bekal wawasan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan literasi berikutnya. Persiapan dan pelaksanaan kegiatan dilakukan selama sebulan di sekolah MAN 1 Boalemo, Kecamatan Tilamuta, Kabupaten Boalemo, Provinsi Gorontalo. Metode yang digunakan yaitu ceramah, diskusi dan tutorial. Kegiatan terdiri dari tahap persiapan awal yaitu merumuskan masalah, membuat rancangan kegiatan, membuat surat tugas, mengumpulkan literatur, membuat materi presentasi kegiatan. Kemudian tahap kedua yaitu pelaksana memberikan 5 sesi pada kegiatan yaitu sesi pertama membangun support atau pembukaan, sesi kedua yaitu pemberian Materi dalam bentuk ceramah dengan bantuan power point yang berisikan pembelajaran dalam menulis jurnal dari tahap ke tahap mulai dari penjelasan cara membuat menentukan judul, pendahuluan, metode, hasil dan pembahasan, simpulan dan saran, cara membuat kutipan serta cara membuat referensi. Sesi ketiga yaitu simulasi. Kemudian, sesi keempat dilakukan coaching kepada peserta didik terkait sistematika pembuatan karya tulis ilmiah khususnya jurnal. Di sesi kelima telah diadakan refleksi mengenai kegiatan untuk lebih memaknai proses sosialisasi secara optimal, mengumpulkan dokumentasi dan menentukan hasil evaluasi kegiatan yaitu siswa memiliki peningkatan pemaham mengenai teknik penulisan artikel jurnal ilmiah, peserta kegiatan yaitu 35 orang peserta didik di sekolah MAN 1 Boalemo. AbstractSocialization of scientific journal writing techniques is an activity to develop students' writing skills. The literacy skills of students need to be developed in order to add insight into thinking in making scientific writings as a form of journal articles. This activity aims to maximize the interest of students and to have the ability to join a compete. In addition, this activity aims to make students know the systematics of writing scientific articles so that they become a provision of insight to develop subsequent literacy skills. The preparation and implementation of activities was carried out for a month at the MAN 1 Boalemo school, Tilamuta District, Boalemo Regency, Gorontalo Province. The methods used are lectures, discussions and tutorials. The activity consists of the initial preparation stage, namely formulating problems, making activity plans, making assignment letters, collecting literature, making activity presentation materials. Then the second stage is the executor gave 5 activities, namely the first session building support or opening, the second session providing material in the form of lectures with the help of power points containing learning in journal writing from stage to stage starting from an explanation of how to determine the title, introduction, method, results. and discussion, conclusions and suggestions, how to quote and how to make references. The third session is simulation. Then, in the fourth session, coaching was carried out for students related to the systematics of making scientific works, especially journals. In the fifth session, there were reflections on activities to better interpret the process optimally, collected the documentation and determine the results of the evaluation of activities that is students had an increased understanding of the technique of writing scientific journal articles, the participants of the activity are 35 students at MAN 1 Boalemo school.

Overview of Nigeria’s 2nd Universal Periodic Review National Report

With the creation of the Human Rights Council Universal Period Review, its Working Group established in accordance with Human Rights Council Resolution 5/1 of 18th June, 2007 held its fourth session from 2nd to 13th of February, 2009 to review the human rights record of countries including Nigeria.2 In preparation for the review, the Government of the Federal Republic of Nigeria had constituted a broad-based UPR National Consultative Committee tasked with the responsibility of compiling its first national report on the steps taken as well as the challenges faced in the fulfilment of its treaty obligations. The Committee which comprised representatives from diverse stakeholders working for the promotion and protection of human rights in Nigeria subsequently convened the National Consultative Forum (NCF) and after series of meetings, produced the country’s first UPR national report, through a consultative process that climaxed in a national validation conference. During the deliberation of the forum, every human rights issue was openly discussed and participants were able to express their views freely. The outcome of the NCF is faithfully reflected in the national report.

Submandibular Push Exercise Using Visual Feedback from a Pressure Sensor in Patients with Swallowing Difficulties: A Pilot Study

Objectives: We aimed to determine the usefulness and effectiveness of a submandibular push exercise with visual feedback from a pressure sensor in patients with dysphagia through continuous exercise sessions. Methods: Twelve patients with dysphagia of various etiologies were included. A total of five exercise sessions (every 3 or 4 days) over three weeks were conducted. During the submandibular push exercise, patients were instructed to maintain a maximum force for 3 s, repeated for 1 min to measure the number of exercises, the maximum pressure, and the area of the pressure-time graph. We statistically compared the values of each exercise trial. Results: Among the 12 patients, eight completed the exercise sessions. As the number of exercise trials increased, the maximum pressure and the area in the pressure-time graph showed a significant increase compared to the previous attempt (p < 0.05). The maximum pressure and the area of the pressure-time graph improved from the first to the fourth session (p < 0.05). The values were maintained after the fourth session, and there was no significant difference between the fourth and the fifth exercise (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference between successful and non-successful groups, except for the Modified Barthel Index (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Through repetitive exercise training, the submandibular push exercise using visual feedback from a pressure sensor can be applied as an exercise method to strengthen swallowing related muscles, such as the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles. However, additional studies including more patients and a long-term study period are warranted to evaluate the effects of the exercise for improvement of dysphagia.

Efficacy of Manual Therapy on Facilitatory Nociception and Endogenous Pain Modulation in Older Adults with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Case Series

Background: manual therapy (MT) has been shown to have positive effects in patients with osteoarthritis (OA)-related pain, and its use in clinical settings is recommended. However, the mechanisms of action for how these positive effects occur are not yet well understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of MT treatment on facilitatory nociception and endogenous pain modulation in patients with knee OA related pain. Methods: Twenty-eight patients with knee OA were included in this study. Pain intensity using the numerical pain rating scale (NPRS), temporal summation (TS), conditioned pain modulation (CPM), and local (knee) and distant (elbow) hyperalgesia through the pressure pain threshold (PPT), were assessed to evaluate the pain modulatory system. Patients underwent four sessions of MT treatments within 3 weeks and were evaluated at the baseline, after the first session and after the fourth session. Results: the MT treatment reduced knee pain after the first session (p = 0.03) and after the fourth session (p = 0.04). TS decreased significantly after the fourth session of MT (p = 0.02), while a significant increase in the CPM assessment was detected after the fourth session (p = 0.05). No significant changes in the PPT over the knee and elbow were found in the follow-ups. Conclusions: The results from our study suggest that MT might be an effective and safe method for improving pain and for decreasing temporal summation.

Personality Assessment Inventory Clinical Scales in Relation to Patient and Therapist Rated Alliance Early in Treatment

We examined relationships between the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) clinical scales (e.g., Somatic Complaints [SOM]) and subscales (e.g., Conversion [SOM-C]) with patient- and therapist-rated alliance early in treatment (third or fourth session). We also replicated and extended findings from a previous study examining PAI treatment scales (Treatment Rejection, Treatment Process Index) and early session therapist-rated alliance. We used PAI protocols from a clinical outpatient sample ( N = 84). Data were analyzed using stepwise linear regressions. Results suggest that patients who report lower early session alliance also report more antisocial features (β = −.219, p = .050, f2 = 0.05) specifically more antisocial behaviors (β = −.315, p = .004, f2 = 0.11). Additionally, therapists report higher early session alliance with patients who report more anxiety-related disorders (β = .274, p = .012, f2 = 0.08), specifically traumatic stress (β = .325, p = .003, f2 = 0.12). No significant relationships were found between patient- or therapist-rated alliance and Treatment Rejection and Treatment Process Index, consistent with prior findings. Clinical implications are discussed.

Constipação Crônica: Tratamento com Ventosaterapia - Estudo de Caso

Background: Constipation is a symptom defined by the ocurrence of any manifestation such as ificulty or pain when evacuationg and bowel movements less than three times a week. In recent years, chronic intestinal constipation has been considered a public heath problem due to its high prevalence. There are several types of constipation among the functional one stands out which is characterized by the absence of defined organic causes, usually treated with the ingestion of fibers, liquids and physical exercises. Conventional methods with diets and medicines are not always sufficient. Objective: Analyzing the effects of treatment with ventosatherapy in severe constipation. Methods: A questionnaire was prepared and applied to the person responsible for the municipal health department of each municipality. Results: Clinical case study with a 28-year-old volunteer patient with severe constipation. The technique used in the study was sliding cupping therapy. One session a week was held for 13 weeks. Conclusion: The symptoms of constipation disappeared in the fourth session contiuing with a daily bowel movement until the end of the intervention. The sliding method therapy technique was effective in the treatment of severe constipation.