Revealing the chirality origin and homochirality crystallization of Ag14 nanocluster at the molecular level

Although chirality is an ever-present characteristic in biology and some artificial molecules, controlling the chirality and demystifying the chirality origin of complex assemblies remain challenging. Herein, we report two homochiral Ag14 nanoclusters with inherent chirality originated from identical rotation of six square faces on a Ag8 cube driven by intra-cluster π···π stacking interaction between pntp− (Hpntp = p-nitrothiophenol) ligands. The spontaneous resolution of the racemic (SD/rac-Ag14a) to homochiral nanoclusters (SD/L-Ag14 and SD/R-Ag14) can be realized by re-crystallizing SD/rac-Ag14a in acetonitrile, which promotes the homochiral crystallization in solid state by forming C–H···O/N hydrogen bonds with nitro oxygen atoms in pntp− or aromatic hydrogen atoms in dpph (dpph = 1,6-bis(diphenylphosphino)hexane) on Ag14 nanocluster. This work not only provides strategic guidance for the syntheses of chiral silver nanoclusters in an all-achiral environment, but also deciphers the origin of chirality at molecular level by identifying the special effects of intra- and inter-cluster supramolecular interactions.

Electrooxidation Is a Promising Approach to Functionalization of Pyrazole-Type Compounds

The review summarizes for the first time the poorly studied electrooxidative functionalization of pyrazole derivatives leading to the C–Cl, C–Br, C–I, C–S and N–N coupling products with applied properties. The introduction discusses some aspects of aromatic hydrogen substitution. Further, we mainly consider our works on effective synthesis of the corresponding halogeno, thiocyanato and azo compounds using cheap, affordable and environmentally promising electric currents.

Study on Liquid Phase Hydrogenation Technology of White Oil

Using Aspen Plus simulation software to simulate the hydrogen solubility of white oil raw materials, and calculate the de-aromatic hydrogen consumption. The liquid hydrogenation technology of white oil was studied by using 100mL uplink liquid hydrogenation evaluation device. The research results show that the ultraviolet absorbance of the liquid phase hydrogenation product is no more than 0.1, and saybolt color, copper plate corrosion, readily carbonizable substance can meet the quality requirements under the conditions of 230℃, 17 Mpa and LHSV 0.5 h-1. 2000 hours liquid phase hydrogenation test shows the stability of product quality which meets the food grade standard, and the liquid phase hydrogenation technology is feasible.

Direct Amination of Nitroquinoline Derivatives via Nucleophilic Displacement of Aromatic Hydrogen

The vicarious nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen (VNS) reaction in electron-deficient nitroquinolines was studied. Properties of all new products have been characterized by several techniques: MS, HRMS, FTIR, GC-MS, electronic absorption spectroscopy, and multinuclear NMR. The structures of 4-chloro-8-nitroquinoline, 8-(tert-butyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroquinoline, 9-(8-nitroquinolin-7-yl)-9H-carbazole and (Z)-7-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-8-(hydroxyimino)quinolin-5(8H)-one were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements. The 9-(8-nitroquinolin-7-yl)-9H-carbazole and (Z)-7-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-8-(hydroxyimino)quinolin-5(8H)-one illustrate the nitro/nitroso conversion within VNS reaction. Additionally, 9-(8-isopropyl-2-((8-isopropyl-2-methyl-5-nitroquinolin-6-yl)methyl)-5-nitrosoquinolin-6-yl)-9H-carbazole is presented as a double VNS product. It is postulated that the potassium counterion interacts with the oxygen on the nitro group, which could influence nucleophile attack in that way.

Synthesis and X-Ray Crystal Structure of 1,1'-Bis(diphenyphosphino)ferrocene Supported CuSCF3 Complex

We report herein the synthesis of CuSCF3 complex supported by 1,1'-bis(diphenyphosphino)ferrocene via deoxygenative reduction of Langlois reagent (CF3SO2Na). This cuprous complex [(dppf)Cu(SCF3)] was fully characterized by elemental analysis and 1H (13C, 19F, 31P) NMR spectra. In addition, the molecular structure of [(dppf)Cu(SCF3)] was established by X-ray crystallography. The crystal of compound 1 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 11.4366(9), b = 19.1340(16), c = 14.0625(11) Å, V = 3072.62(2) Å3, Z = 4, Z’ = 0, C35H28CuF3FeP2S, Mr = 719.00 and R-factor = 3.69. The short contacts between the two fluorine atoms of CF3S moiety and aromatic hydrogen of Cp/(Ph) rings were observed with leaving the sterically-congested fluorine untouched which highly resembled to the sibling [(PPh3)2CuSCF3]. These interesting secondary interactions in the crystal lattice were explained by the electrostatic forces in terms of the strong dipole of C-F bonds.

Efektivitas Pemberian Ekstrak Buah Kersen (Muntingia Calabura) terhadap Rasio Berat Testis pada Tikus yang Dipapar Asap Rokok

Latar belakang : Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) merupakan salah satu mediator terjadinya infertilitas. Produksi ROS akan meningkat dengan adanya polusi udara dan merokok. Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrogen (PAH) yang terkandung dalam asap rokok dapat menyebabkan atrofi testis, menghambat spermatogenesis, dan merusak morfologi spermatozoa. Apabila terjadi kerusakan atau atrofi sel-sel penyusun tubulus seminiferus akan terjadi penurunan berat testis. Buah kersen mengandung senyawa antioksidan yang dapat meningkatkan kualitas sperma. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek proteksi ekstrak buah kersen terhadap kerusakan testis tikus Sprague dawley yang terpapar asap rokok.Metode : Tikus sejumlah dibagi 4 kelompok, kemudian di papar asap rokok 7 batang perhari dan ekstrak buah kersen (EBK) selama 4 minggu. Kelompok pertama sebagai kontrol (K1) diberi plasebo, kelompok kedua (K2) dipapar asap rokok saja, sedangkan sisanya merupakan kelompok Perlakuan 1 (P1) diberi EBK 100mg/kgBB/hari dan Perlakuan 2 (P2) diberi EBK 200mg/kgBB/hari. Rasio berat testis di analisis dengan uji statistik parametrik One Way ANOVA Test dilanjutkan analisa Post Hoc Multiple Comparison Test.Hasil : Rasio berat testis pada kelompok kontrol (K1) sejumlah (0,31) kelompok perlakuan 1 (P1) sejumlah (0,24) dan kelompok perlakuan 2 (P2) sejumlah (0,28) sedangkan yang terendah yaitu pada kelompok kontrol paparan asap rokok (K2) sejumlah (0,19). Nilai P = 0,013, menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaaan yang bermakna berat testis antar kelompok.Simpulan : Pemberian ekstrak buah kersen dapat meningkatkan rasio berat testis pada tikus yang di papar asap rokok.

Blue versus yellow emission in bipolar fluorenone derivatives: the impact of aggregation and hydrogen bonding

Fluorenone derivatives demonstrate bright blue emission instead of yellow due to the disruption of the intermolecular CO⋯HC (aromatic) hydrogen bonds.

Internal Structure of Vitrinite and Sporinite in the View of Micro-FTIR Spectroscopy Using the Example of Coal from the Seam 405 of the Upper-Silesian Coal Basin (USCB)

The aim of the study was to compare the internal structure of vitrinite and sporinite obtained from coal from the seam 405. The examinations were performed with the use of infrared spectroscopy in the micro-area (micro-FTIR). Studies have shown that vitrinite is characterized by lower content of aliphatic components and greater content of aromatic components than sporinite. Sporinite is characterized by longer and less branched aliphatic chains than vitrinite. It was found that vitrinite internal structure is characterized by a greater relative content of aromatic than aliphatic components. The degree of condensation of aromatic rings in structure of vitrinite increases, when the coal rank rises. Studies have shown that the transformation of the vitrinite internal structure towards a structure characterized by a greater degree condensation of aromatic components proceeds at the cost of restructuring the aliphatic groups and is related to the restructuring of the aromatic systems. The structure of sporinite is characterized by a greater participation of aliphatic bonds as compared to aromatic bonds. The relative content of the aliphatic components decreases together with increase of aromatic hydrogen functional group CHar content in the internal structure of sporinite when the coal rank rises. The aliphatic bonds in the sporinite are subject to restructuring. The aliphatic chains are getting increasingly shorter.