Walking and Running Characters

Chapter 12 describes and illustrates the visual storytelling effects of several approaches to filming a traveling character. The techniques that are shown can be applied to any character who is walking, running, bicycling, or traveling in any other way. Viewers can be made to infer things about a traveling character such as whether the character is strong, weak, safe, threatened, in a hurry, or being watched. Coverage can be objective, or it can be subjective so that viewers are made to identify with a character. Various cinematographic techniques are described that can be used to establish moods, heighten the drama, create suspense, add visual variety, and compress time. Techniques for cutting between a stationary camera and a traveling camera are described and storyboarded.

Thurstonian Scaling and the Perception of Painterly Translucency

Visual material perception is often studied with physically well-defined stimuli that lack ecological variety. Yet, even the visual variety found in our natural environment is limited when compared to artistic depiction. A similar object can be depicted in numerous different ways that all make visual sense. We studied the perception of translucency using 38 paintings of sea waves as experimental stimuli. It has previously been shown that translucency depends on the shape of the translucent object and on the light conditions. Both shape and light appear in many variations in depictions of seas. In the first experiment we explored the use of Thurstonian scaling and introduce the concept of Number of Distinguishable Levels (NDL). We found that the NDL ranged between 1.5 in a set with small waves to 4 in a set with large waves. While Experiment 1 took place in the lab, Experiment 2 was performed online and replicated the data from Experiment 1 qualitatively, although the NDL was lower in the online experiment. Furthermore, in this experiment we conducted Thurstonian scaling on a number of other attributes that possibly contribute to translucency perception, such as wavetip shading, surface reflections and realism. We found that many of these correlated significantly with translucency. In sum, this study advocates and demonstrates the use of uncontrolled stimuli, in our case paintings, to explore the wide variety of input the human visual system can process.

COLORISTIC DESIGN OF CLOTHING ON THE BASIS OF COLOR PERCEPTION

This work contains knowledge about a color theory that plays an important role in the process of planning the visual variety of clothing. The special attention is paid to the creation of the authors’ clothing models on the base of the color perception. The fractal structural model of perception of color is worked out. It allows taking into account character of functioning of component parts of this process. The consumers’ reactions to the color of a garment are taken into account. The consumers’ color preferences from the standpoint of not only the personality of the individual, but also the socio-psychological appearance are determined. Using the results of the current research, а designer can choose the color solution for single or serial production, as well as specify a certain color range, which can also be applied for outfits. In the last stage, a transition to the distribution of selected colors among the details of a garment is made. It takes into account the dimensions of the specific elements to obtain a harmonious combination of proportions of details.

A new approach to the design of preschool institutions

The paper considers a new approach to the design of preschool institutions, taking into account the psychology of children's perception. The basic principles of creating the environment, motivating children to study, developing their mental, creative and physical abilities were identified. Buildings of preschool institutions are seen as means of the world perception and social adaptation of children. The child perceives the world through visual, tactile and other sensations. All factors of changing world should be reflected in the architectural style of a building. The paper defines principles of designing preschool institutions based on numerous studies of architects and psychologists: it is proposed to create projects for children, which will function as “giant space for games” with an open plan, and child-sized friendly corners as well. It is necessary to provide visual variety of forms, to use playful elements as a part of the façade, to convert the walking paths into the playground, and also to use the ecological approach in the design.

Visual Design Face Painting: Language Expressions Stylized for Wayang Punakawan

On this research, the author focused on the scope of Punakawan face painting that expected to become a starting point from the first step in making the visual standardization proposals, which the visual variety of face painting Punakawan was not consistent yet. The research objective was to become one of the methods to re-popularizing by building a visual consistency in Punakawan face painting so that it became more modern and simple without losing the original characteristics of it. The method was performed in the visual design, from visual references research, visual analysis and matching with the characteristics of each character in Punakawan, visual sketching, and computerization process, up to become final visual artwork. The benefits of the research were to be a next visual research comparison, as well as a contribution in the form of visual work; face painting Wayang Punakawan in the further development of the creative economy entered a new era. This research finds that visually, it is the necessary continuation of the design, such as attribute, proportion, gestures, and other visual elements in Punakawan face painting and it is good for Punakawan studies and other Indonesian wayang figures.

Texture and Compositional Analysis in Archaeology

In this section, we will consider archaeological textures as the archaeological element’s surface attributes having either tactile or visual variety, which characterize its appearance. The surfaces of archaeological objects, artifacts, and materials are not uniform but contain many variations; some of them are of visual or tactile nature. Such variations go beyond the peaks and valleys characterizing surface micro-topography, which is the obvious frame of reference for “textures” in usual speaking. Archaeological materials have variations in the local properties of their surfaces like albedo and color variations, uniformity, density, coarseness, roughness, regularity, linearity, directionality, frequency, phase, hardness, brightness, bumpiness, specularity, reflectivity, transparency, and so on. Texture is the name we give to the perception of these variations. What we are doing here is introducing a synonym for “perceptual variability” or “surface discontinuity.” It is a kind of perceptual information complementing shape information.

In Defense of the Populist Lecture

Information and communication technology (ICT) programs like Microsoft PowerPoint and Apple Keynote have become the norm for large university lecture classes, but their record in terms of student engagement and active learning is mixed at best. Here, the author presents the merits of a “populist” lecture style that takes full advantage of the variety of features available from the latest generation of ICT programs. Based on visual variety, audio and visual sound bites, and the incorporation of humor and pop-cultural references, this populist approach not only facilitates greater student attention and engagement with the class materials, but also offers unmatched opportunities for extending student learning beyond the confines of the large lecture hall.