The relationship between planned behavior family factors and intention to study abroad

This study explores the relationship between planned behaviour, i.e. attitude towards behaviour, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control and coherence towards intention to enrich the literature - Vietnamese students studying abroad at university. In addition, the study also explores the factors related to family cohesion to the intention of Vietnamese students to study abroad. This study was conducted through a cross-sectional survey using a targeted sampling technique (n=350). The SEM model was used to test the hypotheses. The SEM model proved that: The decisive factor affects the intention to study abroad with the coefficient of Regression Weight = 0.222. The subjective norm factor (norm) affects the intent variable with the coefficient of Regression Weight = 0.138; The behavioural intention control factor affects the intent factor with Regression Weights = 0.276; The factor through family cohesion (cohesion) affects the intent factor with Regression Weights = 0.159. The conclusions of this study provide valuable data for study abroad managers, universities, study abroad consulting service providers and families who want to invest in their children to study abroad.

relationship between planned behavior family factors and intention to study abroad

This study explores the relationship between planned behaviour, i.e. attitude towards behaviour, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control and coherence towards intention to enrich the literature - Vietnamese students studying abroad at university. In addition, the study also explores the factors related to family cohesion to the intention of Vietnamese students to study abroad. This study was conducted through a cross-sectional survey using a targeted sampling technique (n=350). The SEM model was used to test the hypotheses. The SEM model proved that: The decisive factor affects the intention to study abroad with the coefficient of Regression Weight = 0.222. The subjective norm factor (norm) affects the intent variable with the coefficient of Regression Weight = 0.138; The behavioural intention control factor affects the intent factor with Regression Weights = 0.276; The factor through family cohesion (cohesion) affects the intent factor with Regression Weights = 0.159. The conclusions of this study provide valuable data for study abroad managers, universities, study abroad consulting service providers and families who want to invest in their children to study abroad.

UV-Vis Spectrophotometry and UPLC–PDA Combined with Multivariate Calibration for Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty ex Silva Standardization Based on Phenolic Compounds

The algae Kappaphycus alvarezii is considered an important raw material for industrial practices, producing high economic value of various derived products. However, the quality of this commodity, which can be indicated by the level of phenolic compounds, may vary due to growth factors, including cultivation sites. An analytical UV-Vis spectrophotometry method coupled with chemometrics was proposed to standardize the red alga based on the content of phenolic compounds. The correlation between the UV-Vis spectra and UPLC–PDA results, combined with a multivariate calibration of the K. alvarezii extracts, was analyzed. The extracts were prepared using an ultrasound-based technique and subsequently subjected to UV-Vis spectral measurements at 200–800 nm and UPLC–PDA at 260 and 330 nm. Chemometric techniques and partial least squares (PLS) were applied to the acquired data to build a reliable analysis of the phenolics in the K. alvarezii extracts. The result showed that the wavelength combination of 200–450 and 600–690 nm provided a valid method for quantitative analysis of the studied phenolics that belong to hydroxybenzoic acid, hydroxycinnamic acid, and flavonoid with a coefficient of regression (R2) > 0.96 in the calibration and validation models, along with an RMSEC and RMSEP value < 8%. The method was then employed to characterize the K. alvarezii samples from 13 different cultivation areas. Principal component analysis (PCA) generated principal components that produced a clear distribution among the samples of K. alvarezii based on phenolic compounds corresponding to the geographical origin.

Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method for trace quantification of ethyl methanesulfonate: a genotoxic impurity in dapoxetine hydrochloride

Background Dapoxetine hydrochloride is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor drug for treating premature ejaculation. This study was designed to develop and validate a sensitive and selective LC–MS/MS method for trace analysis of genotoxic impurity ethyl methanesulfonate in Dapoxetine hydrochloride. Results Chromatographic separation was achieved on the Shodex RSpak DS-413 column, 150 × 4.6 mm, 3.0 µm using eluent containing a equal volumes of acetonitrile and 0.1% v/v formic acid in water was used in the isocratic elution mode at a pump flow of 1.0 mL/min. No interference was observed at the retention time of ethyl methanesulfonate, indicating that the developed method is specific and selective for trace level quantification.The developed method was found to be linear in the concentration range of 1–50 ppm with coefficient of regression of 0.9997. Detection limit and quantification limit were determined to be 0.6 ppm and 1.0 ppm respectively. Acceptable RSD values (< 10.0%) and recovery results (> 90%) obtained from the accuracy and precison experiments indicate that the developed method is precise and accurate in the concentration range of 1–50 ppm. Ethyl methanesulfonate solutions were stable for two days when stored at room and refrigerated temperatures. Conclusion The developed method has the ability to quantify ethyl methanesulfonate in dapoxetine hydrochloride. Thus, the anticipated method has high probability to adopt in the quality testing laboratories of pharmaceutical industry.

Planned Behavior and Intention to Study Abroad Concerning Family Rally Relationship: Case in Vietnam

Vietnamese students studying abroad in recent years have received worldwide attention. This study explores the relationship between planned behaviour, i.e., attitude towards behaviour, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control and coherence towards intention to enrich the literature – Vietnamese students studying abroad at university. In addition, the study also explores the factors related to family cohesion to the intention of Vietnamese students to study abroad. This study was conducted through a cross-sectional survey using a targeted sampling technique (n=350). The SEM model was used to test the hypotheses. The SEM model proved that: The decisive factor affects the intention to study abroad with the coefficient of Regression Weight = 0.222. The subjective norm factor (norm) affects the intent variable with the coefficient of Regression Weight = 0.138; The behavioural intention control factor affects the intent factor with Regression Weights = 0.276; The factor through family cohesion (cohesion) affects the intent factor with Regression Weights = 0.159. The conclusions of this study provide valuable data for study abroad managers, universities, study abroad consulting service providers, and families who want to invest in their children to study abroad.

The influence of marketing mix strategy on sales volume at PT.Jaya Anugrah Sukses Abadi Medan

The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of marketing mix strategies covering products, prices, promotions, and distribution channels on increasing sales volume at PT. Jaya Anugrah Success Abadi and to analyze the variables of the most dominant marketing mix strategy affects the increase in sales volume. The results of data analysis with multiple linear regression analysis methods show that products (X1), price (X2), promotion (X3) and Distribution Channel (X4) are jointly influential and significant to sales volume in PT.Jaya Anugrah Sukses Abadi Medan with regression coefficient X1 (b1) = 0.270, regression coefficient X2 (b2) = -0.220, regression coefficient X3 (b3) = 0.491 and coefficient of regression X4 (b4) = 0.273. F counting tests were obtained at 35,348 greater than Ftabel's 2,584. T test results showed for product = 2,564, price = -2,807, promotion = 4,683 and distribution channels = 2,430, the most dominant variables affected were the perception of promotional variables and the determination test results showed that 70.57% of variations of the marketing mix were influenced by all four independent variables, while 29.41% were other factors not studied in this study.

Risk for short-term undesirable outcomes in older emergency department users: Results of the ER2 observational cohort study

Background The "Emergency Room Evaluation and Recommendations" (ER2) is a clinical tool designed to determine prognosis for the short-term Emergency Department (ED) undesirable outcomes including long length of stay (LOS) in ED and in hospital, as well as the likelihood of hospital admission during an index ED visit. It is also designed to guide appropriate and timely tailor-made geriatric interventions. This study aimed to examine whether ER2 assessment part was: 1) usable by ED healthcare workers (e.g. nurses) and 2) scoring system associated with long LOS in ED and in hospital, as well as hospital admission in older ED users on stretchers. Methods Based on an observational, prospective and longitudinal cohort study 1,800 participants visiting the ED of the Jewish General Hospital (Montreal, Quebec, Canada) were recruited between September and December 2017. ER2 assessment determined three risk-levels (i.e., low, medium and high) for short-term ED undesirable outcomes. The rate of ER2 digital form completed, the time to fill ER2 items and obtain ER2 risk-levels, the LOS in ED and in hospital, and hospital admission were used as outcomes. Results ER2 was usable by ED nurses in charge of older ED users. High-risk group was associated with both increased ED stay (coefficient of regression β = 3.81 with P≤0.001) and hospital stay (coefficient of regression β = 4.60 with P = 0.002) as well as with hospital admission (HR = 1.32 with P≤0.001) when low ER2 risk level was used as referent level. Kaplan-Meier distributions showed that the three risk groups of participants differed significantly (P = 0.001). Those with high-risk level (P≤0.001) were discharged later from hospital to a non-hospital location compared to those with low risk. There was no significant difference between those classified in low-risk and in medium-risk groups (P = 0.985) and those in medium and high-risk groups (P = 0.096). Conclusion The ER2 assessment part is usable in daily practice of ED care and its risk stratifications may be used to predict adverse outcomes including prolonged LOS in ED and in hospital as well as hospital admission. Trial registration NCT03964311.

On the Investigation of Effective Factors on Higher Heating Value of Biodiesel: Robust Modeling and Data Assessments

Higher heating value (HHV) is one of the properties of biomass fuels which is essential in investigating their special characteristics and potentialities. In this paper, various techniques based on Gaussian process regression (GPR) were utilized to assess this value for biomass fuels, including several kernel functions, i.e., exponential, Matern, rational quadratic, and squared exponential. An extensive databank was collected from literature. The findings were compared, and the results indicated that Exponential-based model was more accurate, with the coefficient of regression ( R 2 ) of 0.961 and the mean relative error (% MRE) of 3.11 for total data. Compared to former models presented by previous researchers, the model proposed in this study showed a higher ability to predict output values. With various analyses, it can be concluded that the proposed method has a high rate of efficiency in assessing the HHV of various biomass.

Description of new high yielding forage Avena Sativa L. cultivar ‘Super Green Oats’

Oat [Avena sativa (L.)] cultivar “Super Green Oats” was developed through conventional breeding methods by the Fodder Research Institute, Sargodha, and released as general cultivar in 2020. Commercial cultivar is an advanced line of “FRI-03” which is derived from cross of parental accessions (No. 668 × No. 632) and subsequent selections in various segregating populations (F2 - F6), through pedigree methods having uniformity > 99%. Cultivar had 9% and 15% forage yield advantage over commercial check “Sargodha-Oat 2011” during 2014 and 2015 station trials while it gave 9% higher fodder yield during 2016-17 during zonal trials over commercial check.. It is green, tall, multi-tillering, with slight later in maturing cultivar and produce light brown seed. It has many desirable forage quality traits, including high palatability (82%), protein content (10%) and had resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. It flower about 10 days later than standard check variety. Moreover, it has higher stability (coefficient of regression bi = 1.06) calculated over 3 environments for 2 years. Its robust yield combine with high palatability and high protein contents than standard check and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress show that Super Green Oat will be highly useful cultivars in both irrigated and arid region of Punjab Province. Moreover, the cultivar will be potential parent for the development of new pedigrees for the genetic improvement of oat germplasm.

The Scan-LM to Test Instability in the Constant Coefficient of Spatial Autoregressive Models

This paper presents a test based on the principle of Lagrange Multipliers to identify spatial instability in the constant coefficient of regression models including substantive spatial dependence. The test has been adapted to the Scan methodology. Its main advantage is that it identifies areas with differential behavior without the need to provide information about their location, shape, or size. The study shows the utility of the test, reconsidering the results obtained by Mur et al.(2008) about instability in the distribution of per capita income in European regions.