Perception of Greed and Unfairness

In the past decade, interest in greed among empirical business scholars has emerged. It starts with the trailblazing attempt to analyze greed by Wang and Murnighan (2011), followed by the development of the Dispositional Greed Scale by Seuntjens et. al. (2015a, 2015b), which serves as a basis for the research done by Zhu et. al. (2019) and Bao et. al. (2020). However, since Seuntjens’ work, the overwhelming focus has been on greed as a disposition to “always want more and never being satisfied with what one currently has” (Seuntjens et. al., 2015b). Independently, Cheung (2019) proposed a more sophisticated philosophical analysis of greed, which argues that there are three dimensions of greed, and its dimension of unfairness has largely been neglected. This article reports on our investigation of that neglected dimension of greed. Our cross-cultural study (n=395) shows that when the rating of greediness was not very high, the perception of greed went hand in hand with the perception of unfairness, such that there was a positive linear association between the two. The demographics of the participants suggests that the sample is diverse enough to make a broad generalization. The result of this study confirms the conception of greed in Cheung (2019), which claims that the perception of unfairness, i.e., (2) above, is a significant component of perceived greed. Cheung’s account of greed can also explain the data when the rating of greediness is very high, but logically there could be other explanations.

Generative Semantics 3: The Ethos

This chapter describes the distinctive ethos of Generative Semantics, which permeated the field from the late 1960s to the mid-1970s, exactly when the counterculture (“the hippies”) were flourishing as a broad cultural movement. While there were many personal motivations in the development of this ethos, a broad generalization holds that just as the counterculture was rooted in rejecting establishment values, the Generative Semantics ethos was rooted in a rejection of perceived Chomskyan values. Their intellectual style embraced humor (Chomsky epitomizes seriousness), political engagement (Chomsky was a forceful activist but segregated his political and linguistic work sharply), and a veneration of data for the sake of data (Chomsky’s data was always highly constrained, in direct service to his theoretical claims; Generative Semanticists eagerly pursued data even when it undermined their theories).

Single Image Atmospheric Veil Removal Using New Priors for Better Genericity

From an analysis of the priors used in state-of-the-art algorithms for single image defogging, a new prior is proposed to obtain a better atmospheric veil removal. Our hypothesis is based on a physical model, considering that the fog appears denser near the horizon rather than close to the camera. It leads to more restoration when the fog depth is more important, for a more natural rendering. For this purpose, the Naka–Rushton function is used to modulate the atmospheric veil according to empirical observations on synthetic foggy images. The parameters of this function are set from features of the input image. This method also prevents over-restoration and thus preserves the sky from artifacts and noises. The algorithm generalizes to different kinds of fog, airborne particles, and illumination conditions. The proposed method is extended to the nighttime and underwater images by computing the atmospheric veil on each color channel. Qualitative and quantitative evaluations show the benefit of the proposed algorithm. The quantitative evaluation shows the efficiency of the algorithm on four databases with different types of fog, which demonstrates the broad generalization allowed by the proposed algorithm, in contrast with most of the currently available deep learning techniques.

Generalized Differentiability of Continuous Functions

Many physical phenomena give rise to mathematical models in terms of fractal, non-differentiable functions. The paper introduces a broad generalization of the derivative in terms of the maximal modulus of continuity of the primitive function. These derivatives are called indicial derivatives. As an application, the indicial derivatives are used to characterize the nowhere monotonous functions. Furthermore, the non-differentiability set of such derivatives is proven to be of measure zero. As a second application, the indicial derivative is used in the proof of the Lebesgue differentiation theorem. Finally, the connection with the fractional velocities is demonstrated.

Generalized Swift–Hohenberg and phase-field-crystal equations based on a second-gradient phase-field theory

The principle of virtual power is used derive a microforce balance for a second-gradient phase-field theory. In conjunction with constitutive relations consistent with a free-energy imbalance, this balance yields a broad generalization of the Swift–Hohenberg equation. When the phase field is identified with the volume fraction of a conserved constituent, a suitably augmented version of the free-energy imbalance yields constitutive relations which, in conjunction with the microforce balance and the constituent content balance, delivers a broad generalization of the phase-field-crystal equation. Thermodynamically consistent boundary conditions for situations in which the interface between the system and its environment is structureless and cannot support constituent transport are also developed, as are energy decay relations that ensue naturally from the thermodynamic structure of the theory.

The case of Dr. Piotrovich with forensic medicine subtle vision

The Bureau of the Gynecological Society instructed me, as an expert on the Petrovich case, to examine this case in today's public meeting. Taking into account, on the one hand, the fact that Dr. Petrovich is one of our members and that the determination of his moral guilt on a professional issue, drawn up not on the basis of subjective interpretations, which is full of the court's opinion, the opinion of the press and public opinion, but on the basis of strict and objective verification of Petrovich's actions should be of interest to the Gynecological Society, and on the other hand, having in mind the broad generalization of conclusions from this case in relation to doctors, as the prosecutor did in his speech and as the press does to this day, I I willingly took on this task and I want to share with you, gentlemen, my views on this matter and ask you to give your competent opinion on the issues that I will have the honor to pose and the resolution of which should clarify the guilt or lack thereof of Piotrovich.

BLENDED LEARNING: SUPPORTING STUDENTS’ LEARNING AND ENHANCING THEIR EXPERIENCE — A LITERATURE REVIEW

This review article provides an analysis of the researches conducted during the last two decades on the topic of blended learning in teaching and learning process. Some studies which highlighted the benefits of blended learning had been analyzed in order to develop new features of effectiveness and efficiency of this innovative concept. As a result, 15 journal articles, 6 published books and several commentaries were identified, read, evaluated, and synthesized. Some general principles regarding best practices in online education and blended learning will be shared with cautions against broad generalization. Маколада сўнгги йигирма йилда таълим ва ўкув жараёнида аралашган таълим мавзуси бўйича ўтказилган тадқиқотлар таҳлили тақдим этилган. Ушбу инновацион концепциянинг самарадорлиги ва самарадорликнинг янги хусусиятларини ишлаб чикиш мақсадида аралаш таълим тадқиқ этилган бир қанча илмий ишлар ўрганилган. Ўн бешта илмий мақола, олтита китоб ва кўплаб тақризлар ўрганилди, баҳоланди ва умумий хулосалар чиқарилди. Онлайн таълим ва аралаш таълимнинг шу пайтгача маълум бўлган энг яхши амалиётларига оид айрим умумий принциплар кенг умумлаштиришдан ҳоли тарзда изоҳланди. В данной обзорной статье приводится анализ исследований, проведенных в течение последних двух десятилетий по теме смешанного обучения в процессе преподавания. Некоторые исследования, в которых подчеркивалось преимущество смешанного обучения, были проанализированы с целью разработки новых характеристик эффективности и действенности этой инновационной концепции. В результате было проанализировано 15 журнальных статей, 6 опубликованных книг и несколько комментариев. Некоторые общие принципы, касающиеся практики в области онлайн-образования и смешанного обучения, будут изложены с предостережением от широкого обобщения.

Generalizations of Stillman’s Conjecture via Twisted Commutative Algebra

Combining recent results on Noetherianity of twisted commutative algebras by Draisma and the resolution of Stillman’s conjecture by Ananyan–Hochster, we prove a broad generalization of Stillman’s conjecture. Our theorem yields an array of boundedness results in commutative algebra that only depend on the degrees of the generators of an ideal and not the number of variables in the ambient polynomial ring.

Rethinking the input: Skewed distributions of exemplars result in broad generalization in category learning

What we learn about the world is affected by the input we receive. Many extant category learning studies use uniform distributions as input in which each exemplar in a category is presented the same number of times. Another common assumption on input used in previous studies is that exemplars from the same category form a roughly normal distribution. However, recent corpus studies suggest that real-world category input tends to be organized around skewed distributions. We conducted three experiments to examine the effects of skewed input distributions on category learning and generalization. Across all studies, skewed input distributions resulted in broader generalization than uniform and normal distributions. Our results not only suggest that the current category learning theories may underestimate category generalization but also challenge the current theories to explain category learning in the real world with skewed, instead of the normal or uniform distributions often used in experimental studies.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ РЕШЕНИЯ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ ИСХОДНОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ РАБОТОСПОСОБНОСТИ

This article is continuation of the series of articles, which are published in the magazine, devoted to consideration of the subject relating to the problem of reversibility of body state after withstanding the load of various intensity. Submitting a rather private section of scientific research, as well as in all other spheres of the scientific knowledge, caused by needs of society development, in order to solve the problem it is necessary to consider general laws of development of the material world that belongs to the category of philosophical knowledge.It is possible to speak about the problem of exhaustion and recovery in any field of activity and in each of them there is the terminology by which certain regularities in the corresponding sphere of knowledge are expressed. If considered deeper, these regularities can be transferred into an absolutely other sphere of knowledge in which they are created in other terminological expressions, but submit to the general principles of analogy. In various options this term is treated as invariance, or isomorphism. However, they reflect the uniform generalized laws in all cases of interdependent relations of difficult morpho-functional formations with the environment. The given publication makes an attempt to generalize materials of previous series of publications and all available materials of other authors, who are engaged in this field of research. The current paper was discussed at the seminars of various level, by means of personal communication and through the exchange of the achievement results. The main purpose of the publication lies in aspiration of dissemination of knowledge in a wider range of people dealt with the problem. Not only individual achievements, but also broad generalization of the saved-up data of other authors are presented in the article.