The Relationship Between Coat Color and Reproductive Performance of Dairy Cows in Algeria

The objective of the current study was to analyze the reproduction parameters of 48 dairy cows (29 Montbeliardes and 19 Normandes) and their relationship to coat color. Cows were imported from European countries and raised in the semi-arid region of Sétif in Algeria. The findings showed that the cows of the Montbéliarde breed were more fertile and of greater reproduction efficiency, compared to Normandes. Regarding the Montbéliarde breed, the intervals between calving and calving to conception were respectively 378.34 and 98.65 days, which were shorter than those of the Normandes breed (67 and 22 days, respectively). Normandes cows registered a higher number of services per conception (1.54 ± 0.9), compared to Montbeliarde cows (1.34 ± 0.55). Calving to the first service interval of the Normandes (76 days) was longer by 5 days than that of the Montbéliarde breed. The coats of Montbéliarde cows (51%) were whiter than those of Normandes (48%). A darker hair coat probably assured protectivity against thermal stress and greater efficiency of reproduction. The interval between calving in Montbéliarde cows was significantly affected by coat color; the interval between calving of cows with a colored coat was shorter (358 days) than whiter cows (400 days). For Normandes, cows with a colorful coat required fewer services per conception number (1.44). Hair works as a temperature regulator and may affect reproduction performances. The results of the current study suggest the possibility of integrating coat color into animal selection. It can be assumed that colored coats for Montbéliarde and Normande breeds appear to be related to their reproductive efficiency (interval between calving and number of services per conception, respectively).

Fishery and traditional fishing problems of Pacific salmon on Tatar strait coast (Khabarovsk region)

The peculiarities of the fishing of Pacific salmon, especially pink salmon, on the coast of the Tatar Strait (Khabarovsk region) are considered. After the 2016 harvest generation, there has been a significant decline in approaches in 2018 and 2020. The problems of traditional fishing by aboriginal peoples have been analyzed. During observations of the fishery in 2016, factors influencing the efficiency of reproduction of pink salmon were noted, with significant restrictions on traditional fishing. Solutions related to the development of aquaculture, improving the organization of fisheries and granting preferences, and the development of public-private partnerships have been proposed.

РАЗВИТИЕ РЕМОНТНОГО МОЛОДНЯКА И ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ РЕПРОДУКЦИИ У ЯИЧНЫХ КУР-НЕСУШЕК РОДИТЕЛЬСКОГО СТАДА ПРИ ВКЛЮЧЕНИИ В РАЦИОНЫ АНТИОКСИДАНТНОГО ВИТАМИННО-МИНЕРАЛЬНОГО КОМПЛЕКСА И ФЕРМЕНТНОГО ПРЕПАРАТА

Злепкин В.А., Байер Т.А., Злепкина Н.А., Клещевникова В.В. КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: РОДИТЕЛЬСКИЕ СТАДО ЯИЧНЫХ КУР, ВИТАМИННО-МИНЕРАЛЬНЫЙ АНТИОКСИДАНТ, ФЕРМЕНТНЫЙ ПРЕПАРАТ, РАЗВИТИЕ РЕПРОДУКТИВНЫХ ОРГАНОВ, ЯИЧНАЯ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ, ИНКУБАЦИОННЫЕ КАЧЕСТВА ЯИЦ, РЕНТАБЕЛЬНОСТЬ АННОТАЦИЯ: Исследования влияния обогащения рационов ремонтного молодняка и кур-несушек родительского стада кросса Хайсекс Браун витаминно-селенсодержащим препаратом «Карцесел» отдельно и совместно с ферментным препаратом «ЦеллоЛюкс-F» на эффективность роста и продуктивность проведены в условиях ЗАО «Агрофирма «Восток» Волгоградской обл. В опытах на 3 группах ремонтного молодняка кросса Хайсекс Браун (200 гол. в группе) и кур-несушек (179 гол. в группе) опытные группы 1 и 2 получали «Карцесел» (1 л/т корма), а группа 2 дополнительно получала «ЦеллоЛюкс-F» (100 г/т). Установлено увеличение живой массы ремонтного молодняка в опытных группах 1 и 2 на 1,1 и 1,8% по сравнению с контролем, массы яичника - на 3,2 и 9,6%, массы яйцевода - на 3,62 и 6,22%, длины яйцевода - на 7,9 и 16,5%. Повышение яйценоскости на среднюю несушку в опытных группах взрослых кур составило 3,15 и 8,44%, интенсивности яйцекладки - 0,85 и 2,32%, выводимости яиц - 1,65 и 2,05%, вывода цыплят - 3,33 и 4,34%, снижение расхода корма на 1 кг яичной массы - 3,30 и 4,03%, на 10 яиц - 1,33 и 2,02%, повышение рентабельности производства - 3,19 и 5,66% соответственно группам 1 и 2. Сделан вывод, что наиболее эффективной является комбинация изучаемых добавок. THE DEVELOPMENT OF PULLETS AND EFFICIENCY OF REPRODUCTION IN PARENTAL FLOCK OF LAYERS WITH DIETS CONTAINING A VITAMIN-MINERAL ANTIOXIDANT WITH OR WITHOUT MULTI-ENZYME PREPARATION ZLEPKIN V.A.1, BAIER T.A.2, ZLEPKINA N.A.1, KLESHCHEVNIKOVA V.V.1 1 Volgograd State Agrarian University 2 Agrofirm “Vostok” The effects of the supplementation of diets for growing pullets and laying hens of layer parental flock (cross Hisex Brown) with an antioxidant preparation Carcesel containing vitamins and selenium and with the combination of the antioxidant and multi-enzyme preparation CelloLux-F (combining the activities of cellulase, xylanase, and beta-glucanase) were studied in the trials at Agrofirm “Vostok” (Volgograd Province) on three treatments of pullets (200 birds per treatment) and laying hens (179 birds per treatment). Control treatments were fed standard balanced compound feeds; diets for experimental treatments 1 and 2 were supplemented with Carcesel (1 L per 1 t of compound feeds), diets for treatments 2 were additionally supplemented with CelloLux-F (100 ppm). Live bodyweight at 150 days of age in pullets in treatments 1 and 2 was higher in compare to control by 1.1 and 1.8%, respectively; weight of ovary higher by 3.2 and 9.6%, weight of oviduct by 3.62 and 6.22%, length of oviduct higher by 7.9 and 16.5%, respectively. Egg production per average hen during 52 weeks of the trial on adult layers in treatments 1 and 2 was higher in compare to control by 3.15 and 8.44%, respectively, the intensity of lay by 0.85 and 2.32%, hatchability of eggs by 1.65 and 2.05%, hatch of chicks by 3.33 and 4.34%, feed conversion ratio per 10 eggs laid lower by 1.33 and 2.02%, per 1 kg of eggs laid by 3.30 and 4.03%, profitability higher by 3.19 and 5.66%, respectively. The conclusion was made that the combination of the antioxidant and enzyme is more effective. Keywords: LAYER PARENTAL FLOCK, VITAMIN-MINERAL ANTIOXIDANT, MULTIENZYME PREPARATION, DEVELOPMENT OF REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS, EGG PRODUCTIVITY, EFFICIENCY OF INCUBATION, PROFITABILITY

THE PERSONNEL SUPPORT SYSTEM AS A BASIS FOR THE REPRODUCTION OF LABOR RESOURCES IN THE CONTEXT OF INDUSTRY 4.0

In the global system of division of labor, human capital is the main source of competitive advantages for national economies. Creating conditions for the increment of human capital requires constant adjustment of the stages of reproduction of labor resources to the innovative drivers of the economy. Increasing the efficiency of the process of reproduction of labor resources, designing conditions for the creation, development and accumulation of human capital is a condition for Russia's active participation in the competitive struggle on global markets. The aim of the paper is to identify and implement the subjects of the personnel support system for the sectors of the economy, updating its configuration as the basis for the expanded reproduction of labor resources, development and improvement of methodological approaches related to increasing the efficiency of reproduction in the context of Industry 4.0. As a subject of research, the author considers the personnel system, the coordinated activities of the subjects of which will create conditions for the growth of human capital and ensuring the economic growth of the national economy. The results of the study are intended for designing a system of personnel support for economic sectors.

FIXED ASSETS AND EFFICIENCY OF THEIR USE

The article considers the essence of fixed assets and their structure. Companies typically invest their funds in fixed assets in order to upgrade their composition and structure, obtain rent for their operation, use in normal production activities and expand the production of goods or services. Analysis of the use of fixed assets allows companies to determine the overall state of production capacity of the firm. Therefore, companies are interested in improving the efficiency of fixed assets, as they directly affect the production and economic activities and financial condition in general. The economic efficiency of production exists at different levels and can be determined both at the international and sectoral level, as well as at the level of an individual enterprise, so the analysis was conducted and identified factors that affect them. The successful operation of fixed assets and production facilities depends on intensive and extensive factors to improve their use, so the indicators that characterize the security of the enterprise, the state and efficiency of fixed assets. Renewal of fixed assets is carried out in the form of their replacement by more perfect and efficient, reconstruction and modernization of individual groups and types and as a result it will increase the competitiveness of the enterprise, as well as the availability and use of more modern means of labor. Theoretical aspects of efficient operation and directions of increase at different stages of the life cycle are analyzed. When managing one of the main conditions, to increase the efficiency of reproduction processes, it is necessary to pay attention to the optimal terms and conditions of operation of fixed assets (especially the active part) in accordance with their primary technological purpose. In this case, both the reduction and increase in the period of operation in different ways affects the efficiency of reproduction and use of tools. In order to determine the state of fixed assets at the enterprise, an analysis algorithm was developed, which is of great importance because it can be used to investigate and draw conclusions about the state and efficiency of their use. It was determined that the main sign of increasing the level of efficient use of fixed assets of the enterprise is the growth of production through technical, organizational and economic measures. Keywords: fixed assets, indicators, efficiency, structure, objects, use, factors, analysis, assets.

Analysis of efficiency of reproduction of cows and heifers of Kalmyk breed in meat farms of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

The article provides data on the reproduction of cows and heifers in three farms of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), specializing in meat cattle breeding: Integrated agricultural production centre "Soloosun" (Megino-Kangalas district), LLC "Konezavod Berte" (Khangalas district) and Integrated agricultural production centre "Krestyah” (Suntar district). The material for research is the reporting data of farms for 2014-2019. The experience of reproduction of the herd of meat direction was summarized, dynamics of insole and calving was studied. By results of calculation of KIVSK according to N.M. Kramarenko, a high rate of a uterine livestock was in LLC "Konezavod Berte" (108.9%), a good indicator by the index of fertility in herds of the meat cattle in Integrated agricultural production centre "Krestyah” (51.2) and Integrated agricultural production centre “Soloosun” (51.0). High coefficient of reproducibility of mother stock was in LLC "Konezavod Berte" (1.09).

EFFICIENCY OF SEMI-ANADROMOUS AND RIVER FISHES’ REPRODUCTION IN DIFFERENT WATER MODES OF THE VOLGA RIVER

The paper shows the efficiency of natural reproduction of semi-anadromous fish, including the main commercial species such as roach and bream, and river fish species depending on the volume, hydrological regime and duration of spring flood, and the temperature regime of the Volga river during fish spawning. A comparative assessment of the conditions and results of roach and bream reproduction in different water years and periods of Volga runoff regulation is given. The dependence between feeding duration of semi-anadromous and river fry and the efficiency of reproduction, the number of viable younglings and their biological indicators in different water years is shown.