NEW FINDS OF THE KOBAN-KOLCHIS METAL ARTIFACTS IN THE NORTHEASTERN BLACK SEA COASTLINE AREA (KRASNODAR REGION). EARLIER UNKNOWN AREA OF THE KOBAN-KOLCHIS BRONZES

В статье вводятся в научный оборот случайные находки последних десятилетий из района города-курорта Сочи и прилегающей части Туапсинского района, относящиеся к периоду поздней бронзы - раннего железа. До недавнего времени этот регион оставался своего рода «белым пятном» на археологической карте. Культурная принадлежность населения этого региона для рассматриваемого периода также оставалась неясной. Представленная коллекция случайных находок относится к нескольким хронологическим горизонтам - кон. II тыс. до н. э., VIII-VII вв. до н. э., VI-IV вв. до н. э. Для VIII-IV вв. до н. э. имеются определенные основания предполагать существование на этой территории самостоятельной археологической культуры в рамках кобано-колхидской культурно-исторической общности. Культура эта характеризуется синкретичностью, наличием как ярких кобано-колхидских, так и протомеотских и, в дальнейшем, меотских черт. Рассматривать этот регион как контактную зону представляется затруднительным из-за наличия некоторых ярких культурных маркеров, а именно слабо представленных в соседних ареалах бронзовых дуговидных фибул с кольцевыми утолщениями по краям дужки. Уверенно выделить новую, своеобразную культуру Восточного Причерноморья раннего железного века можно будет только после проведения новых широкомасштабных археологических исследований. The paper introduces into scientific discourse chance finds of recent decades from the district of the Sochi resort-city and the adjacent part of the Tuapse district dating to the Late Bronze Age - Early Iron Age. Until recently, this region remained something of a ‘blank spot’ on the archaeological map. Cultural attribution of the population in this region also remained unclear. The published assemblage of chance finds is dated to several chronological horizons: late II mill. BC, 8th-th cc. BC, 6th-4th cc. BC. Regarding the 8th-4th cc. BC, there are grounds to believe that bearers of a distinctive archaeological culture forming part of the overall Koban-Kolchis cultural unity inhabited this area. The culture is characterized by syncretism and presence of both salient Koban-Kolchis features and proto-Maeotian features and, subsequently, Maeotian features. It is difficult to consider this region as a contact zone due to presence of some impressive cultural markers, namely, bronze arched fibulae with ring thickened parts along the hoop. It will be possible to single out a distinctive Early Iron Age culture of the eastern Black Sea coastline region only after large-scale archaeological excavations and research.

School in the Soviet ethnographic research over the period from 1937 to 1953 based on the journal “Soviet Ethnography”

Examination of the role of school in Soviet ethnography remains a blank spot in the anthropology of education. However, despite the absence of this subdiscipline, the author indicates the interest of Soviet ethnographers in reorganization of educational sphere. Use of the method of content analysis of the journal “Soviet Ethnography” reveals the role of general education on the map of ethnographic science of the era of totalitarianism (1937– 1953). This stage is characterized by one of the major intrusions into science, which is clearly reflected in publications of humanities journals. The author highlights the common semantic structures – patterns and repetitive statements typical for most articles. These statement lead to the following conclusions: criticism of the prerevolutionary system of education, exclusion of religion from the system of education, and exposure of the problems in the system of education of foreign capitalist countries. At the same time, there was the task to emphasize the successes of Soviet education: elimination of illiteracy; growing number of schools, students, and teachers; and the role of schools in cultural development the Soviet Union. In face of ideological restriction, many ethnographers have identified separate issues and offered their recommendations for the Soviet system of education. These unique observations are the contribution made by the Soviet ethnographic science to the cultural interpretation of the school.

Perencanaan Jaringan 4G LTE 1800 MHz In-building pada Fakultas Kedokteran UM-Palembang menggunakan Propagasi COST-231

Perencanaan jaringan telekomunikasi merupakan hal yang sangat menentukan dalam kualitas sinyal pada jaringan yang diterima oleh pelanggam. Permasalahan yang sering terjadi adalah kualitas level sinyal coverage yang tidak merata terutama pada kondisi dalam gedung (Indoor). Sehingga kondisi dalam bangunan memerlukan perancanaan khusus untuk memastikan kondisi kualitas sinyal agar tidak terdapat blank spot. Pada penelitian ini merencanaan jaringan indoor 4G LTE frekuensi 1800 MHz dengan menggunakan model propagasi COST-231 pada gedung Laboratorium Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan software radiowave propagation simulator. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu dengan perbedaan power transmit (2 antenna vertikal) menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi nilai power transmit, maka nilai RSRP semakin baik. Akan tetapi nilai power transmit tidak mempengaruhi baik atau buruknya kualitas sinyal SIR.Pada analisa jumlah antenna yaitu 2 antenna, 3 anntena dan 4 antenna menunjukkan bahwa semakin banyak antenna yang digunakan pada gedung, maka nilai RSRP akan semakin baik, akan tetapi nilai SIR akan semakin jelek karena efek Interferensi antar antenna.

A scientist is almost always a collectioner

Collecting as a social, psychological and even physiological phenomenon has not been devoted to much serious research. Those that exist focus on the phenomenology of collections. The phenomenon of collecting and collecting remains largely unexplored. The topic of “collectors-scientists” is, in general, a blank spot in the study of science and the social history of science. Nevertheless, there is quite legitimately a special concept - “research collection”. For example, the collection of collections for Goethe was one of the ways of his scientific work. As a result of this work, Goethe became an expert in the field of knowledge, the objects of which he collected. This kind of rapprochement between science and collecting seems to be an interdependent process. Not only collecting in the highest phase of its development is being melted into a scientific occupation, but also an occupation in science has all the features inherent in project collecting. The article makes an attempt to establish some ontological patterns inherent in this process, to outline the paths to the natural science study of the phenomenon of scientists-collectors.

Verkhoyansk Secondary School — the Oldest School in the Far North: The Beginning of a Long Journey

In this article, the author shares the results of his research on the history of the city of Verkhoyansk — one of the oldest cities in the Far North of Russia. The city was founded by the Russian Cossack Postnik Ivanov in 1638. The school, which was opened two and a half centuries later, has its own history, as interesting as the city itself: it reflects almost all the events that took place in such a distant time in the Arctic coast of the Arctic, in Yakutia, in Russia. Despite the fact that the city is one of the smallest for its population, however, the founders of the school, its teachers and alumni were involved in many historical events, facts that made the fame and pride of place, has contributed to the development of their region, their country. Today we will get acquainted with the earliest period — the time of the Foundation and creation of the school as one of the main points of enlightenment of the vast territory lying to the North of the Verkhoyansk ridges. As it turned out, despite the long-standing interest in this place on the part of domestic and foreign historians, sociologists, and ethnographers, this period still remains a blank spot in history: we still do not know many participants in these events, there is no reliable data about some facts. The author has to be content with fragmentary information, give his own interpretation and explanation.

Null subjects in Middle Low German

Middle Low German (MLG) syntax is still relatively underresearched. One blank spot on the map is whether MLG allowed null arguments, in particular null subjects, and if so, of what kind. As recent research (Volodina 2009, 2011, Volodina & Weiß 2016, Walkden 2014, Kinn 2015) demonstrates that languages closely related to MLG did have null subjects in a form that no longer exists in Modern Germanic languages (Rosenkvist 2009), the current paper positions MLG in this respect. Updating Farasyn & Breitbarth (2016), we present novel data showing that MLG distinguished two different kinds of referential null subjects (RNS). We argue that MLG, while preserving the null-subject property from Old North-West Germanic to a high degree, was already in the transition to a topic-drop language of the modern V2-Germanic type. This paper provides an analysis of the licensing of RNS in MLG and of the factors influencing their occurrence.

Why Did Paul Skip Alexandria? Paul's Missionary Strategy and the Rise of Christianity in Alexandria

Why did Paul skip Alexandria? Why is there a blank spot on his missionary map? What prompted him to make plans to travel west rather than south? The lack of scholarly interest in this question is almost as conspicuous as the lack of sources for earliest Christianity in Alexandria. This article surveys and categorises the rather random hypotheses offered in scholarship. They relate to Paul's self-understanding as a missionary, to his theologicalraison d’être, to religious and cultural aspects, and to political circumstances. The most plausible answer concerns early Christian mission strategy: Paul skipped Alexandria because it was a Jewish city and as such part of the Jewish-Christian mission.

The Soldier Ghaut Petroglyphs on Montserrat, Lesser Antilles

Only five years ago, Montserrat was a blank spot on the distribution map of islands in the Lesser Antilles where petroglyphs were known. In January 2016, hikers in Soldier Ghaut, a deeply incised watercourse in the northwest of the island, came upon a panel of nine petroglyphs engraved on a nearly vertical wall of volcanoclastic tuff. Soon afterward the petroglyphs were documented by the Survey and Landscape Archaeology on Montserrat project (SLAM). Then in January 2018 an additional petroglyph was spotted on a large slab of rock, detached from the rock wall on the opposite side of the ghaut. At the invitation of the Montserrat National Trust (MNT) and with European Union funding, Susana Guimarães and Christian Stouvenot traveled to Montserrat in 2018 to assist in further studies at the site. They conducted photogrammetric documentation and photography under enhanced lighting conditions and inspected the petroglyphs and their context in detail in order to advise MNT about their conservation and provisions for public access. This report presents this new group of petroglyphs and their landscape setting and considers questions of dating and interpretation.

EFEKTIVITAS KAMPANYE DALAM JARINGAN: STUDI KASUS PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH KABUPATEN LUWU TIMUR SULAWESI SELATAN

<p><em>The implementation of regional head elections this time will be different from before, one of which can be seen at the campaign stage, namely the virtual campaign. The virtual campaign is a form of campaign in the form of online and social media campaigns which are regulated in General Election Commission Regulation (PKPU) No.13 of 2020 to reduce the spread of positive cases of Covid-19.East Luwu Regency is one of the districts that carries out regional head elections and still has cases positive covid-19 which is quite high. This research wants to prove that it is related to the effectiveness of the virtual campaign carried out in East Luwu Regency. The theory used is a theory of effectiveness by looking at four indicators of the effectiveness of a virtual campaign, namely exposure, engagement, influence, and action. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach, with descriptive analysis. </em><em>Thus, it is</em><em> hoped that images and facts can be obtained related to the effectiveness of the virtual campaign in East Luwu Regency. The types of data used are primary data and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from interviews conducted with the East Luwu KPU and Bawaslu, and the respective success teams from the candidate pairs for Regent-Deputy Regent of East Luwu. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the virtual campaign in East Luwu Regency is not running effectively. Online campaigns are not implemented, and social media campaigns are only massive on Facebook. Both candidate pairs did not maximize the use of virtual campaigns to maximize campaign advertising and preferred to campaign directly and go down to the public. This is due to the obstacles and challenges faced such as, there are still blank spot areas in East Luwu Regency, and the human resources of East Luwu are still not ready to carry out virtual campaigns.</em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><strong><em>: Campaign, Virtual, East Luwu</em></strong></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><h2>Abstrak</h2><p>Pelaksanaan Pilkada kali ini akan berbeda dengan Pilkada sebelumnya, salah satunya terlihat pada tahapan kampanye, yakni adanya kampanye virtual. Kampanye virtual merupakan bentuk kampanye berupa kampanye daring dan media sosial yang diatur dalam Peraturan Komisi Pemilihan Umum (PKPU) No.13 Tahun 2020 untuk mengurangi penyebaran kasus positif covid-19 Kabupaten Luwu Timur merupakan salah satu kabupaten yang melaksanakan Pilkada dan masih memiliki kasus positif covid-19 yang cukup tinggi. Penelitian ini ingin membuktikan terkait dengan efektivitas kampanye virtual yang dilakukan di Kabupaten Luwu Timur. Adapun teori yang digunakan merupakan teori efektivitas dengan melihat empat indikator keefektifan dari kampanye virtual yakni <em>exposure, engagement, influence,</em> dan <em>action.</em> Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan analisis deskriptif. Sehingga diharapkan dapat diperoleh gambaran dan fakta terkait dengan keefektifan kampanye virtual di Kabupaten Luwu Timur. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari wawancara yang dilakukan kepada KPU dan Bawaslu Luwu Timur, dan masing-masing tim sukses dari pasangan calon Bupati-Wakil Bupati Luwu Timur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan kampanye virtual di Kabupaten Luwu Timur tidak berjalan dengan efektif. Kampanye secara daring tidak dilaksanakan, dan kampanye media sosial hanya masif dilakukan di <em>facebook</em>. Kedua pasangan kandidat tidak memaksimalkan penggunaan kampanye virtual untuk memaksimalkan iklan kampanye dan lebih memilih untuk melakukan kampanye secara langsung dan turun ke masyarakat. Hal ini dikarenakan adanya hambatan dan tantangan yang dihadapi seperti, masih adanya daerah <em>blank spot</em> daerah di Kabupaten Luwu Timur, dan masih belum siapnya sumber daya manusia Luwu Timur untuk melakukan kampanye secara virtual.</p><p> </p><strong>Kata Kunci: Kampanye, Virtual, Luwu Timur</strong>