Octahedral Growth of PtPd Nanocrystals

PtPd nanoparticles are among the most widely studied nanoscale systems, mainly because of their applications as catalysts in chemical reactions. In this work, a combined experimental-theoretical study is presented about the dependence of growth shape of PtPd alloy nanocrystals on their composition. The particles are grown in the gas phase and characterized by STEM-HRTEM. PtPd nanoalloys present a bimodal size distribution. The size of the larger population can be tuned between 3.8 ± 0.4 and 14.1 ± 2.0 nm by controlling the deposition parameters. A strong dependence of the particle shape on the composition is found: Pd-rich nanocrystals present more rounded shapes whereas Pt-rich ones exhibit sharp tips. Molecular dynamics simulations and excess energy calculations show that the growth structures are out of equilibrium. The growth simulations are able to follow the growth shape evolution and growth pathways at the atomic level, reproducing the structures in good agreement with the experimental results. Finally the optical absorption properties are calculated for PtPd nanoalloys of the same shapes and sizes grown in our experiments.

Complex Assessment of the Viability and Decorativeness of Species of the Genus Crataegus L. in the Kola North Conditions

The paper presents the results of a comprehensive assessment of the viability and decorativeness of 20 samples of 17 taxa of the genus Crataegus L. when introduced into the Kola North. The study is one of the stages of a systematic description of the adaptive state of plants of the genus Crataegus when introduced into the conditions of the Far North. The main part of the studied samples are highly decorative quite viable plants that have high winter hardiness, maintain their growth shape, are able to produce germinating seeds, and have attractive inflorescences and fruits. C. chlorosarca, C. chlorosarca f. pyramidalica, C. cuneata, C. dahurica, C. douglasii, C. flabellata, C. laevigata, C. maximoviczii, C. pinnatifida, C. sanguinea, C. x schroederi. C. arnoldiana, C. canadensis and C. foetida are nonviable and undecorative plants. For the introduction of promising species of the genus Crataegus into the landscaping of cities of the Kola Peninsula, preliminary testing is required. Maintaining a highly decorative state is possible while observing the care of woody plants.

SiO2/Ta2O5 heterojunction ECM memristors: physical nature of their low voltage operation with high stability and uniformity

Forming-free, uniform and reliable memristors are fabricated using the SiO2/Ta2O5 bi-layer structure. The effects of the growth, shape and dissolved degree of conductive filaments on the stability of the device are elucidated.

Solvent Dynamics and Thermodynamics at the Crystal-Solution Interface of Ibuprofen

In this paper we apply molecular simulation techniques to analyse the dynamics and thermodynamics of nine solvents, i.e. water, 1-butanol, toluene, cyclohexanone, cyclohexane, acetonitrile, trichloromethane, methanol and ethyl acetate, at the interface with the morphologically relevant crystal faces {100}, {002}, {011} and {110} of ibuprofen. <div>The insight obtained from this analysis is used to rationalise the impact of the solvent choice on the growth shape of crystals. <br><div><br></div></div>

Solvent Dynamics and Thermodynamics at the Crystal-Solution Interface of Ibuprofen

In this paper we apply molecular simulation techniques to analyse the dynamics and thermodynamics of nine solvents, i.e. water, 1-butanol, toluene, cyclohexanone, cyclohexane, acetonitrile, trichloromethane, methanol and ethyl acetate, at the interface with the morphologically relevant crystal faces {100}, {002}, {011} and {110} of ibuprofen. <div>The insight obtained from this analysis is used to rationalise the impact of the solvent choice on the growth shape of crystals. <br><div><br></div></div>

Solvent Dynamics and Thermodynamics at the Crystal-Solution Interface of Ibuprofen

In this paper we apply molecular simulation techniques to analyse the dynamics and thermodynamics of nine solvents, i.e. water, 1-butanol, toluene, cyclohexanone, cyclohexane, acetonitrile, trichloromethane, methanol and ethyl acetate, at the interface with the morphologically relevant crystal faces {100}, {002}, {011} and {110} of ibuprofen. <div>The insight obtained from this analysis is used to rationalise the impact of the solvent choice on the growth shape of crystals. <br><div><br></div></div>

PCR based detection and evaluation of fermenting capability of local strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

On Earth there are several organisms that share close relationship with humankind and Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of them. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is also known as the brewer´s or baker´s yeast and has been used for fermentation and production of bread and alcoholic beverages since long time. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fermentation capability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae local isolates. For this purpose 100 fruit samples (mango, sugarcane, orange, honey melon, grapes) were collected from local fruit markets and subjected to identification by standard microbiology tests and advance molecular techniques like Polymerase reaction test (PCR). The results revealed the typical growth, shape and color of S. cerevisiae on YPD media. The growth culture subjected to microscopy showed the budding characteristic of S. cerevisiae. The initial identified strains by virtue of YPD selective media and microscopy were subjected to PCR. The PCR results revealed the presence of S. cerevisiae in 28 samples among all analyzed samples. Importantly, the presence of S. cerevisiae was detected 30% in oranges, in mango 27.77%, in sugarcane 35% while in honey melon and grapes it was 13.63%, 31.81% respectively. This study concludes that S. cerevisiae was more abundant in sugarcane and grapes analyzed samples. The collected strains of present study may be further used in future studies like ethanol production from raw materials and also used as reference strain when working with samples of unknown nature

The Difficulty of Studying Morality Across Cultures

This chapter details ideas in psychology and sociology that focus on individuals and groups, the locus of the majority of morality research. Durkheim wrote about social structure as an influence on morality, but outside of a handful of anthropological theoretical pieces and some sociological ideas, there is a paucity of recent theory (much less empirical work) on links between social structure and culture as they inform moral codes and functioning. More commonly, different cultures are treated as if they a priori developed differently, even though there is evidence to suggest that structural features such as economic growth shape moral imperatives. We provide an overview of these ideas but offer a wider, more critical assessment of the various theories to more thoroughly link individual moral experience with broader social structure.