On Matrix Projective Synchronization and Inverse Matrix Projective Synchronization for Different and Identical Dimensional Discrete-Time Chaotic Systems

The problem of matrix projective synchronization (MPS) in discrete-time chaotic systems is investigated, and a new type of discrete chaos synchronization called inverse matrix projective synchronization (IMPS) is introduced. Sufficient conditions are derived for achieving MPS and IMPS between chaotic dynamical systems in discrete-time of different and identical dimensions. Based on new control schemes, Lyapunov stability theory, and stability theory of linear dynamical systems in discrete-time, some synchronization criteria are obtained. Numerical examples and simulations are used to illustrate the use of the proposed schemes.

Complex Dynamical Behavior of a Two-Stage Colpitts Oscillator with Magnetically Coupled Inductors

A five-dimensional (5D) controlled two-stage Colpitts oscillator is introduced and analyzed. This new electronic oscillator is constructed by considering the well-known two-stage Colpitts oscillator with two further elements (coupled inductors and variable resistor). In contrast to current approaches based on piecewise linear (PWL) model, we propose a smooth mathematical model (with exponential nonlinearity) to investigate the dynamics of the oscillator. Several issues, such as the basic dynamical behaviour, bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponents, and frequency spectra of the oscillator, are investigated theoretically and numerically by varying a single control resistor. It is found that the oscillator moves from the state of fixed point motion to chaos via the usual paths of period-doubling and interior crisis routes as the single control resistor is monitored. Furthermore, an experimental study of controlled Colpitts oscillator is carried out. An appropriate electronic circuit is proposed for the investigations of the complex dynamics behaviour of the system. A very good qualitative agreement is obtained between the theoretical/numerical and experimental results.

Transport Catastrophe Analysis as an Alternative to a Monofractal Description: Theory and Application to Financial Crisis Time Series

The goal of this investigation was to overcome limitations of a persistency analysis, introduced by Benoit Mandelbrot for monofractal Brownian processes: nondifferentiability, Brownian nature of process, and a linear memory measure. We have extended a sense of a Hurst factor by consideration of a phase diffusion power law. It was shown that precatastrophic stabilization as an indicator of bifurcation leads to a new minimum of momentary phase diffusion, while bifurcation causes an increase of the momentary transport. An efficiency of a diffusive analysis has been experimentally compared to the Reynolds stability model application. An extended Reynolds parameter has been introduced as an indicator of phase transition. A combination of diffusive and Reynolds analyses has been applied for a description of a time series of Dow Jones Industrial weekly prices for the world financial crisis of 2007–2009. Diffusive and Reynolds parameters showed extreme values in October 2008 when a mortgage crisis was fixed. A combined R/D description allowed distinguishing of market evolution short-memory and long-memory shifts. It was stated that a systematic large scale failure of a financial system has begun in October 2008 and started fading in February 2009.

2D Chaos in the Interaction of Inflation and Unemployment: Moving Averages and the Modeling of High Frequency Macrodynamics

The paper argues that applicable macro is high frequency macro and the data generating process is therefore to be modeled in continuous time. It exemplifies this with a misuse of a 2D period model of monetarist type which becomes extremely overshooting, allowing for routes to “chaos,” when iterated at low frequencies. Instead of such low frequency procedures, we augment the model by a Keynesian feedback chain (the real rate of interest channel) to introduce local instability into the model. We also introduce heterogeneous opinion dynamics into it. The implied 4D dynamics are made bounded thereby, but seem to allow only complex limit cycles, with no transition towards strange attractors anymore.

Bifurcation and Feedback Control of an Exploited Prey-Predator System

This paper makes an attempt to highlight a differential algebraic model in order to investigate the dynamical behavior of a prey-predator system due to the variation of economic interest of harvesting. In this regard, it is observed that the model exhibits a singularity induced bifurcation when economic profit is zero. For the purpose of stabilizing the proposed model at the positive equilibrium, a state feedback controller is therefore designed. Finally, some numerical simulations are carried out to show the consistency with theoretical analysis and to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.

Clustering and Uncertainty in Perfect Chaos Systems

The goal of this investigation was to derive strictly new properties of chaotic systems and their mutual relations. The generalized Fokker-Planck equation with a nonstationary diffusion has been derived and used for chaos analysis. An anomalous transport turned out to be natural property of this equation. A nonlinear dispersion of the considered motion allowed us to find a principal consequence: a chaotic system with uniform dynamic properties tends to instable clustering. Small fluctuations of particles density increase by time and form attractors and stochastic islands even if the initial transport properties have uniform distribution. It was shown that an instability of phase trajectories leads to the nonlinear dispersion law and consequently to a space instability. A fixed boundary system was considered, using a standard Fokker-Planck equation. We have derived that such a type of dynamic systems has a discrete diffusive and energy spectra. It was shown that phase space diffusion is the only parameter that defines a dynamic accuracy in this case. The uncertainty relations have been obtained for conjugate phase space variables with account of transport properties. Given results can be used in the area of chaotic systems modelling and turbulence investigation.

Adaptive Control for Modified Projective Synchronization-Based Approach for Estimating All Parameters of a Class of Uncertain Systems: Case of Modified Colpitts Oscillators

A method of estimation of all parameters of a class of nonlinear uncertain dynamical systems is considered, based on the modified projective synchronization (MPS). The case of modified Colpitts oscillators is investigated. Through a suitable transformation of the dynamical system, sufficient conditions for achieving synchronization are derived based on Lyapunov stability theory. Global stability and asymptotic robust synchronization of the considered system are investigated. The proposed approach offers a systematic design procedure for robust adaptive synchronization of a large class of chaotic systems. The combined effect of both an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and an artificial perturbation is numerically investigated. Results of numerical simulations confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.

Theoretical Analysis and Adaptive Synchronization of a 4D Hyperchaotic Oscillator

We propose a new mathematical model of the TNC oscillator and study its impact on the dynamical properties of the oscillator subjected to an exponential nonlinearity. We establish the existence of hyperchaotic behavior in the system through theoretical analysis and by exploiting electronic circuit experiments. The obtained numerical results are found to be in good agreement with experimental observations. Moreover, the new technique on adaptive control theory is used on our model and it is rigorously proven that the adaptive synchronization can be achieved for hyperchaotic systems with uncertain parameters.

Reduced Order Projective and Hybrid Projective Combination-Combination Synchronization of Four Chaotic Josephson Junctions

This paper investigates the reduced order projective and hybrid projective combination-combination synchronization of four chaotic Josephson junctions consisting of two third order Josephson junctions as the drives and two second order chaotic Josephson junctions as the response systems via active backstepping technique. The investigation confirms the achievement of reduced order projective and hybrid projective combination-combination synchronization among four chaotic Josephson junctions via active backstepping technique. Numerical simulations are validated to show the effectiveness of the synchronization scheme. Reduced order combination-combination synchronization scheme has more significant applications to neural encoding and decoding of information in biological systems and to the security of information transmission in communication systems than the usual one drive system and one response system synchronization scheme.

Synchronization and Stabilization of Chaotic Dynamics in a Quasi-1D Bose-Einstein Condensate

A nonlinear control is proposed for the exponential stabilization and synchronization of chaotic behaviour in a model of Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). The active control technique is designed based on Lyapunov stability theory and Routh-Hurwitz criteria. The control design approach in both cases guarantees the stability of the controlled states. Whereas the synchronization of two identical BEC in their chaotic states can be realized using the scheme; a suitable controller is also capable of driving the otherwise chaotic oscillation to a stable state which could be expected in practice. The effectiveness of this technique is theoretically and numerically demonstrated.