Error in Abstract in: White Rice, Brown Rice, and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in US Men and Women

Background Brown rice is a whole-grain food that is often assumed to have a lower glycemic index compared to white rice. A few studies have objectively confirmed the effect of a brown-rice diet on glycemic control and metabolic parameters compared to a white-rice diet. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of brown rice on improving glycemic control and metabolic parameters in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. The researchers conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials. Methods PRISMA guidelines were used as the basis of this systematic review. Relevant studies were identified by searching the following databases: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE (PubMed), as well as Epistemonikos for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials published not later than January 2021 involving adults with prediabetes and diabetes mellitus who were consuming brown rice compared to those consuming white rice. The primary outcomes measured were glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels. The secondary outcomes were body weight, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels, LDL and HDL-cholesterol levels. The mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between brown and white-rice-diet groups were calculated using a random-effects model. Results Seven trials involving 417 adults with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes were included in this study. Brown-rice diet did not improve the glycemic control because it had no effect on the HbA1c level (p = 0.15) and the FBG level (p = 0.95) compared to white-rice diet. Brown-rice diet reduced body weight (p < 0.00001; MD −2.2 kg; 95% CI [−3.13 to −1.26]; I2 = 0%). However, it had no effect on the waist circumference (p = 0.09), systolic blood pressure (p = 0.60) and diastolic blood pressure level (p = 0.40). HDL-cholesterol level is increased in brown-rice diet (p = 0.01; MD 0.10, 95% CI [0.02 to 0.17]; I2 = 44%) but it had no effect on the LDL-cholesterol level (p = 0.81). Conclusions The available evidence indicated that consuming brown rice in substitute for white rice does not affect glycemic control (HbA1c and FBG levels) in pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes patients. Brown rice, however, may be used as an alternative for white rice in such patients because it was found to reduce body weight and increase the HDL-cholesterol level. The benefits of a brown-rice diet on glycemic control may not be detected in short-term studies. The obtained evidence in this meta-analysis ranged from low to moderate quality. Thus, more high-quality trials with a larger sample size and a longer follow-up duration are needed to further investigate the effects of a brown-rice diet on diabetes glycemic control with stronger evidence. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019143266

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159-OR: Changes in Dairy Product Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes among U.S. Men and Women

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db19-159-or ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 159-OR

Author(s):

JEAN-PHILIPPE DROUIN-CHARTIER ◽

YANPING LI ◽

ANDRES V. ARDISSON KORAT ◽

MING DING ◽

BENOÎT LAMARCHE ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Dairy Product ◽

Men And Women ◽

Product Consumption ◽

Dairy Product Consumption

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1645-P: Polygenic Risk Score for Prediction of Complications in Men and Women with Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db20-1645-p ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 1645-P

Author(s):

JOHANNE TREMBLAY ◽

REDHA ATTAOUA ◽

MOUNSIF HALOUI ◽

RAMZAN TAHIR ◽

CAROLE LONG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Risk Score ◽

Polygenic Risk Score ◽

Men And Women ◽

Polygenic Risk ◽

Prediction Of Complications

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Trabecular Bone Score in Thais with or without Type 2 Diabetes

Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand ◽

10.35755/jmedassocthai.2020.11.11245 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 103 (11) ◽

pp. 1131-1137

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Fracture Risk ◽

Trabecular Bone ◽

Trabecular Bone Score ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Men And Women

Background: When compared to people without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), people with T2DM have an increase in fracture risk despite having higher bone mineral density (BMD). Many studies in Caucasians demonstrated that trabecular bone score (TBS) is lower in people with T2DM than those without. The utility of TBS as a fracture risk assessment tool in Asians with T2DM is currently unclear. Objective: To compared lumbar spine (LS) BMD and TBS in Thais with or without T2DM and investigate the correlation between TBS and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and diabetes duration in participants with T2DM. Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study that included 97 participants with T2DM (37 men and 60 women) and 342 participants without T2DM (174 men and 168 women). LS-BMD and TBS were obtained. Results: Men and women with T2DM were older and had higher body mass index (BMI). Men with T2DM had significant higher LS-BMD (1.051±0.166 versus 0.972±0.125, p=0.009) and non-significant lower TBS (1.333±0.084 versus 1.365±0.096, p=0.055) than those without. Similarly, women with T2DM had significant higher LS-BMD (0.995±0.155 versus 0.949±0.124, p=0.021) and lower TBS (1.292±0.105 versus 1.382±0.096, p<0.001). After adjusting for age and BMI, T2DM predicted higher BMD in men (p<0.001), but not in women (p=0.143). T2DM was not associated with TBS after adjusting for age and BMI in both genders (p=0.403 and p=0.151 in men and women, respectively). TBS did not correlate with HbA1c in both genders. However, TBS was non-significantly associated with diabetes duration in women (p=0.073), but not in men (p=0.639). Conclusion: T2DM significantly predicted higher LS-BMD only in men and was not independently associated with TBS in both genders. These data highlighted that, in T2DM, there was some variation in the clinical usefulness of BMD and TBS in predicting osteoporotic fractures with regard to clinical characteristic of participants. Keywords: Bone mineral density, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Trabecular bone score

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Are there sex differences in the effect of type 2 diabetes in the incidence and outcomes of myocardial infarction? A matched-pair analysis using hospital discharge data

Cardiovascular Diabetology ◽

10.1186/s12933-021-01273-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ana Lopez-de-Andres ◽

Rodrigo Jimenez-Garcia ◽

Valentin Hernández-Barrera ◽

Jose M. de Miguel-Yanes ◽

Romana Albaladejo-Vicente ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Sex Differences ◽

Propensity Score ◽

Propensity Score Matching ◽

Hospital Discharge ◽

St Elevation Myocardial Infarction ◽

Men And Women ◽

St Elevation

Abstract Background To analyze incidence, use of therapeutic procedures, and in-hospital outcomes in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) according to the presence of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Spain (2016–2018) and to investigate sex differences. Methods Using the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database, we estimated the incidence of myocardial infarctions (MI) in men and women with and without T2DM aged ≥ 40 years. We analyzed comorbidity, procedures, and outcomes. We matched each man and woman with T2DM with a non-T2DM man and woman of identical age, MI code, and year of hospitalization. Propensity score matching was used to compare men and women with T2DM. Results MI was coded in 109,759 men and 44,589 women (30.47% with T2DM). The adjusted incidence of STEMI (IRR 2.32; 95% CI 2.28–2.36) and NSTEMI (IRR 2.91; 95% CI 2.88–2.94) was higher in T2DM than non-T2DM patients, with higher IRRs for NSTEMI in both sexes. The incidence of STEMI and NSTEMI was higher in men with T2DM than in women with T2DM. After matching, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was less frequent among T2DM men than non-T2DM men who had STEMI and NSTEMI. Women with T2DM and STEMI less frequently had a code for PCI that matched that of non-T2DM women. In-hospital mortality (IHM) was higher among T2DM women with STEMI and NSTEMI than in matched non-T2DM women. In men, IHM was higher only for NSTEMI. Propensity score matching showed higher use of PCI and coronary artery bypass graft and lower IHM among men with T2DM than women with T2DM for both STEMI and NSTEMI. Conclusions T2DM is associated with a higher incidence of STEMI and NSTEMI in both sexes. Men with T2DM had higher incidence rates of STEMI and NSTEMI than women with T2DM. Having T2DM increased the risk of IHM after STEMI and NSTEMI among women and among men only for NSTEMI. PCI appears to be less frequently used in T2DM patients After STEMI and NSTEMI, women with T2DM less frequently undergo revascularization procedures and have a higher mortality risk than T2DM men.

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P-174: Type 2 diabetes and cognitive decline in a large sample of community-dwelling older men and women

Alzheimer s & Dementia ◽

10.1016/j.jalz.2007.04.137 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 3 (3S_Part_2) ◽

pp. S154-S154

Author(s):

Olivia I. Okereke ◽

Jae H. Kang ◽

Nancy R. Cook ◽

J. Michael Gaziano ◽

JoAnn E. Manson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Older Men ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Men And Women ◽

Large Sample ◽

Older Men And Women

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Lipoprotein(a) and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1373/clinchem.2010.146779 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 56 (8) ◽

pp. 1252-1260 ◽

Cited By ~ 99

Author(s):

Samia Mora ◽

Pia R Kamstrup ◽

Nader Rifai ◽

Børge G Nordestgaard ◽

Julie E Buring ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Men And Women ◽

Lipoprotein A ◽

Incident Type ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Hb A1c ◽

Hormone Use

BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated that cardiovascular risk is higher with increased lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]. Whether Lp(a) concentration is related to type 2 diabetes is unclear. METHODS In 26 746 healthy US women (mean age 54.6 years), we prospectively examined baseline Lp(a) concentrations and incident type 2 diabetes (n = 1670) for a follow-up period of 13 years. We confirmed our findings in 9652 Danish men and women with prevalent diabetes (n = 419). Analyses were adjusted for risk factors that included age, race, smoking, hormone use, family history, blood pressure, body mass index, hemoglobin A1c (Hb A1c), C-reactive protein, and lipids. RESULTS Lp(a) was inversely associated with incident diabetes, with fully adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for quintiles 2–5 vs quintile 1 of 0.87 (0.75–1.01), 0.80 (0.68–0.93), 0.88 (0.76–1.02), and 0.78 (0.67–0.91); P for trend 0.002. The association was stronger in nonfasting women, for whom respective HRs were 0.79 (0.58–1.09), 0.78 (0.57–1.08), 0.66 (0.46–0.93), and 0.56 (0.40–0.80); P for trend 0.001; P for interaction with fasting status 0.002. When we used Lp(a) ≥10 mg/L and Hb A1c <5% as reference values, the adjusted HRs were 1.62 (0.91–2.89) for Lp(a) <10 mg/L and Hb A1c <5%, 3.50 (3.06–4.01) for Lp(a)≥10 mg/L and Hb A1c 5%–<6.5%, and 5.36 (4.00–7.19) for Lp(a) <10 mg/L and Hb A1c 5%–<6.5%. Results were similar in nonfasting Danish men and women, for whom adjusted odds ratios were 0.75 (0.55–1.03), 0.64 (0.46–0.88), 0.74 (0.54–1.01), and 0.58 (0.42–0.79) for Lp(a) quintiles 2–5 vs quintile 1; P for trend 0.002. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that Lp(a) was associated inversely with risk of type 2 diabetes independently of risk factors, in contrast to prior findings of positive associations of Lp(a) with cardiovascular risk.

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Significance of African Diets in Biotherapeutic Modulation of the Gut Microbiome

Bioinformatics and Biology Insights ◽

10.1177/11779322211012697 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

pp. 117793222110126

Author(s):

PO Isibor ◽

PA Akinduti ◽

OS Aworunse ◽

JO Oyewale ◽

O Oshamika ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Immune Cell ◽

Inflammatory Responses ◽

Brown Rice ◽

Well Being ◽

Population Characteristics ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Bowel Diseases ◽

Inflammatory Bowel

Diet plays an essential role in human development and growth, contributing to health and well-being. The socio-economic values, cultural perspectives, and dietary formulation in sub-Saharan Africa can influence gut health and disease prevention. The vast microbial ecosystems in the human gut frequently interrelate to maintain a healthy, well-coordinated cellular and humoral immune signalling to prevent metabolic dysfunction, pathogen dominance, and induction of systemic diseases. The diverse indigenous diets could differentially act as biotherapeutics to modulate microbial abundance and population characteristics. Such modulation could prevent stunted growth, malnutrition, induction of bowel diseases, attenuated immune responses, and mortality, particularly among infants. Understanding the associations between specific indigenous African diets and the predictability of the dynamics of gut bacteria genera promises potential biotherapeutics towards improving the prevention, control, and treatment of microbiome-associated diseases such as cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The dietary influence of many African diets (especially grain-base such as millet, maize, brown rice, sorghum, soya, and tapioca) promotes gut lining integrity, immune tolerance towards the microbiota, and its associated immune and inflammatory responses. A fibre-rich diet is a promising biotherapeutic candidate that could effectively modulate inflammatory mediators’ expression associated with immune cell migration, lymphoid tissue maturation, and signalling pathways. It could also modulate the stimulation of cytokines and chemokines involved in ensuring balance for long-term microbiome programming. The interplay between host and gut microbial digestion is complex; microbes using and competing for dietary and endogenous proteins are often attributable to variances in the comparative abundances of Enterobacteriaceae taxa. Many auto-inducers could initiate the process of quorum sensing and mammalian epinephrine host cell signalling system. It could also downregulate inflammatory signals with microbiota tumour taxa that could trigger colorectal cancer initiation, metabolic type 2 diabetes, and inflammatory bowel diseases. The exploitation of essential biotherapeutic molecules derived from fibre-rich indigenous diet promises food substances for the downregulation of inflammatory signalling that could be harmful to gut microbiota ecological balance and improved immune response modulation.

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