Changes in Tensile Strength and Knot Security of Surgical Sutures in Vivo

1973 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 707 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Surgical Sutures ◽  
Knot Security

A Systematic Review of the Tensile Strength of Surgical Sutures

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1467-1476
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. AlSarhan
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Suture Materials ◽  
Primary Outcome Variable ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Surgical Sutures ◽  
Natural Tissue

Suturing the wound provides temporary mechanical support enabling natural tissue healing. Understanding the inherent material properties of the suture materials facilitates clinical adjustments in the rate of degradation to ensure proper wound healing. This review aimed to summarize the analysis of the factors that contribute to the tensile strength of surgical sutures and the implications of these factors in wound healing. Our initial search criteria used keywords Tensile or Strength or suture material and returned 494 potentially related articles, these were narrowed to just seven key articles pertaining to the analysis of the primary outcome variable which are reviewed in detail here. The physical properties of these materials are substantially affected by the biological conditions of the model system during the period of analysis. Nevertheless, under in vivo conditions decisions on suture materials should take comorbidities like dietary habits, smoking, oral hygiene maintenance into account as they can all have a significant impact on the prevailing physiological conditions at the wound site.

Effects of Cyclic Stress on the Mechanical Properties of Cultured Collagen Fascicles from the Rabbit Patellar Tendon

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 893-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ei Yamamoto ◽  
Susumu Tokura ◽  
Kozaburo Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Patellar Tendon ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Quadratic Function ◽  
Peak Stress ◽  
Cyclic Stress ◽  
Original Strength

Effects of cyclic stress on the mechanical properties of collagen fascicles were studied by in vitro tissue culture experiments. Collagen fascicles (approximately 300 μm in diameter) obtained from the rabbit patellar tendon were applied cyclic load at 4 Hz for one hour per day during culture period for one or two weeks, and then their mechanical properties were determined using a micro-tensile tester. There was a statistically significant correlation between tensile strength and applied peak stress in the range of 0 to 5 MPa, and the relation was expressed by a quadratic function. The maximum strength (19.4 MPa) was obtained at the applied peak stress of 1.8 MPa. The tensile strength of fascicles were within a range of control values, if they were cultured under peak stresses between 1.1 and 2.6 MPa. Similar results were also observed in the tangent modulus, which was maintained at control level under applied peak stresses between 0.9 and 2.8 MPa. The stress of 0.9 to 1.1 MPa is equivalent to approximately 40% of the in vivo peak stress which is developed in the intact rabbit patellar tendon by running, whereas that of 2.6 to 2.8 MPa corresponds to approximately 120% of the in vivo peak stress. Therefore, the fascicles cultured under applied peak stresses of lower than 40% and higher than 120% of the in vivo peak stress do not keep the original strength and modulus. These results indicate that the mechanical properties of cultured collagen fascicles strongly depend upon the magnitude of the stress applied during culture, which are similar to our previous results observed in stress-shielded and overstressed patellar tendons in vivo.

scholarly journals Surgical Suture Assembled with Tadalafil/Polycaprolactone Drug-Delivery for Vascular Stimulation Around Wound: Validated in a Preclinical Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 6317-6327 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Preclinical Model ◽  
Surgical Suture ◽  
Electrospinning Method ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Improve Wound Healing

In this study, a novel Polycaprolactone suture assembled with Tadalafil was investigated to improve wound healing processes via vascular stimulation. Tadalafil/Polycaprolactone (TP) suture was developed by the electrospinning method. The designed suture was characterized by SEM, mechanical properties assessments, tensile strength measurements and the drug release study. For in vivo tests, rats were classified into two study groups. An incision was made on their back skin and they were sutured with TP suture and Polycaprolactone suture as control. Rats were sacrificed at 7 days following surgery for histopathological examinations with Hematoxylin and Eosin staining. Results of Tensile test demonstrated that the lowest tensile strength belonged to 3 and 4 % wt and the highest tensile strength belonged to 1 and 2 % wt of TP suture. The rate of Tadalafil release showed that the highest drug release was related to 3 and 4% wt which were about 125 to 210 μg during 15 days. The histopathology revealed that the number of blood vessels, collagen fibers, fibroblast, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and epithelization was remarkable in Tadalafil/Polycaprolactone group during 7-day. A novel Tadalafil/Polycaprolactone suture improved the processes of wound healing by releasing the Tadalafil drug around the sutured wound and can be used in medical applications.

scholarly journals Design Optimization and In Vitro-In Vivo Evaluation of Orally Dissolving Strips of Clobazam

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajni Bala ◽  
Sushil Khanna ◽  
Pravin Pawar
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Film Formulation ◽  
Test Film

Clobazam orally dissolving strips were prepared by solvent casting method. A full 32 factorial design was applied for optimization using different concentration of film forming polymer and disintegrating agent as independent variable and disintegration time, % cumulative drug release, and tensile strength as dependent variable. In addition the prepared films were also evaluated for surface pH, folding endurance, and content uniformity. The optimized film formulation showing the maximum in vitro drug release, satisfactory in vitro disintegration time, and tensile strength was selected for bioavailability study and compared with a reference marketed product (frisium5 tablets) in rabbits. Formulation (F6) was selected by the Design-expert software which exhibited DT (24 sec), TS (2.85 N/cm2), and in vitro drug release (96.6%). Statistical evaluation revealed no significant difference between the bioavailability parameters of the test film (F6) and the reference product. The mean ratio values (test/reference) of Cmax (95.87%), tmax (71.42%), AUC0−t (98.125%), and AUC0−∞ (99.213%) indicated that the two formulae exhibited comparable plasma level-time profiles.

In vitro evaluation of fluorocarbon leader line for use as a fabella-tibial suture

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (01) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hosgood ◽  
S. C. Kerwin ◽  
C. S. Hedlund ◽  
J. B. Metcalf ◽  
M. N. Banwell
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Knot Security ◽  
Ethylene Oxide Sterilization

SummaryCranial cruciate ligament rupture is a common injury in dogs, for which a variety of surgical techniques have been described. A commonly performed surgical technique is extracapsular stabilization with a lateral fabella-tibial suture (LFS) using large diameter nylon leader line (NLL). Inherent properties of NLL such as memory, low coefficient of friction, and large diameter may compromise knot security. Fluorocarbon (polyvinylidene fluoride; PVDF) has been investigated as a biomaterial for a variety of implants and is available as a high tensile strength fluorocarbon leader line (FCL). For a given tensile strength FCL is one-half the diameter of NLL. This study evaluated the force at failure, elongation, and stiffness of FCL compared to NLL for use as a LFS. The effects of steam and ethylene oxide sterilization on FCL were also evaluated. The results of this study demonstrate similar force at failure and stiffness for FCL when compared to NLL. In addition, the use of FCL may eliminate the elongation under low load observed with NLL. The mechanical properties of FCL loops were not affected by ethylene oxide sterilization. In contrast, steam sterilization caused significant detrimental effects on the mechanical properties of FCL and is not recommended. The reduced diameter and pliable feel of FCL allow for superior handling, formation of a less bulky and potentially more secure knot, and less foreign material in the region of implantation. FCL appears to be a suitable alternative material to NLL for a lateral fabella-tibial suture.

Tissue engineered intrasynovial tendons: in vivo graft survival and tensile strength

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Y. Zhang ◽  
Johan Thorfinn ◽  
Sepideh Saber ◽  
Ioannis K. Angelidis ◽  
Sae H. Ki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Graft Survival

scholarly journals Comparison of the incidences of anastomotic leakage when PDSII or LACLON are used in esophago-gastric conduit handsewn anastomosis after esophagectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Sato ◽  
Satoru Motoyama ◽  
Akiyuki Wakita ◽  
Yuta Kawakita ◽  
Yushi Nagaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Anastomotic Leakage ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Gastric Conduit ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Handsewn Anastomosis ◽  
Surgical Sutures ◽  
Posterior Mediastinal

Abstract The incidence of anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy remains around 10%. It was previously reported that PDSII rapidly loses tensile strength at pH 1.0 and pH 8.5. By contrast, LACLON degradation is reportedly insensitive to pH. We therefore compared LACLON with PDSII for esophago-gastric conduit, layer-to-layer, handsewn anastomosis. Between January 2016 and January 2020, 90 patients who received posterior mediastinal gastric conduit reconstruction with layer-to-layer handsewn anastomosis (51 using PDSII and 39 using LACLON) at Akita University Hospital were enrolled. The incidence of anastomotic leakage was significantly lower in the LACLON (2.6%, 1/39 patients) than PDSII group (15.7%, 8/51 patients) (p = 0.0268). Multivariable logistic analysis showed the risk of anastomotic leakage was significantly greater with PDSII than LACLON (odds ratio 11.01; 95% CI 1.326–277.64; p = 0.024). The percentages of time the pH was higher than 8 on the gastric conduit side of the anastomosis were 3.1%, 5.7%, 20.9% and 80.5%, respectively, in the four most recent patients. The present study showed that pH at the anastomosis soon after esophagectomy tends to be alkaline rather than acidic, which raises the possibility that this alkalinity facilitates the deterioration of surgical sutures including PDSII.

Design and Preparation of an Electrospun Biomaterial Surgical Patch

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 158-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Lu ◽  
Wei-Jun Chen ◽  
Yan Xing ◽  
Da-Jun Ying ◽  
Bo Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Collagen Type ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Significant Potential ◽  
Clinical Transplantation ◽  
Porcine Pericardium ◽  
Porous Morphology

A biomaterial patch of electrospun collagen type fibers was designed and produced by electrospinning seven different concentrations (8%-20% w/v) of collagen solutions. The tensile strength, yield strength, and elastic modulus of the electrospun collagen fibrous patches were found to be suitable for clinical transplantation. No significant differences versus fresh porcine pericardium as controls were observed. The SEM images of the groups showed that the patches were smooth with uniform interwoven and porous morphology. The fibrous patches were biocompatible and did not elicit local or systemic toxic effects when implanted in vivo. These electrospun collagen fibrous patches have significant potential as surgical biomaterial patches.

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