Aortic Ring Abscess | ScienceGate

Objective: Achillea fragrantissima L. (Asteraceae) is a traditionally used medicinal herb in the rural communities of Jordan. Methods: The present study evaluated the efficacy of the ethanol extract of this species on angiogenesis in both, ex vivo using rat aortic ring assay and in vivo using rat excision wound model. Results: In concentrations of 50 and 100 µg/ml, the ethanol extract showed angiogenic stimulatory effect and significantly increased length of capillary protrusions around aorta rings of about 60% in comparison to those of untreated aorta rings. In MCF-7 cells, the ethanol extract of A. fragrantissima stimulates the production of VEGF in a dose-dependent manner. 1% and 5% of ethanol extract of A. fragrantissima containing vaseline based ointment was applied on rat excision wounds for six days and was found to be effective in wound healing and maturation of the scar. Both preparations resulted in better wound healing when compared to the untreated control group and vaseline-treated group. This effect was comparable to that induced by MEBO, the positive control. Conclusion: The results indicate that A. fragrantissima has a pro-angiogenic effect, which may act through the VEGF signaling pathway.

Download Full-text

Rat Aortic Ring Model to Assay Angiogenesis ex vivo

BIO-PROTOCOL ◽

10.21769/bioprotoc.1622 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (20) ◽

Author(s):

Isabelle Ernens ◽

B�n�dicte Lenoir ◽

Yvan Devaux ◽

Daniel Wagner

Keyword(s):

Ex Vivo ◽

Aortic Ring ◽

Ring Model ◽

Rat Aortic Ring Model

Download Full-text

Interleukin-17A Triggers the Release of Platelet-Derived Factors Driving Vascular Endothelial Cells toward a Pro-Angiogenic State

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10081855 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1855

Author(s):

Aikaterini Gatsiou ◽

Kateryna Sopova ◽

Alexandros Tselepis ◽

Konstantinos Stellos

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Immune Cell ◽

Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽

Interleukin 2 ◽

Cell Subset ◽

Aortic Ring ◽

Inflammatory Factor ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽

Vascular Regeneration

Platelets comprise a highly interactive immune cell subset of the circulatory system traditionally known for their unique haemostatic properties. Although platelets are considered as a vault of growth factors, cytokines and chemokines with pivotal role in vascular regeneration and angiogenesis, the exact mechanisms by which they influence vascular endothelial cells (ECs) function remain underappreciated. In the present study, we examined the role of human IL-17A/IL-17RA axis in platelet-mediated pro-angiogenic responses. We reveal that IL-17A receptor (IL-17RA) mRNA is present in platelets transcriptome and a profound increase is documented on the surface of activated platelets. By quantifying the protein levels of several factors, involved in angiogenesis, we identified that IL-17A/IL17RA axis selectively induces the release of vascular endothelial growth factor, interleukin -2 and -4, as well as monocyte chemoattractant protein -1 from treated platelets. However, IL-17A exerted no effect on the release of IL-10, an anti-inflammatory factor with potentially anti-angiogenic properties, from platelets. Treatment of human endothelial cell two-dimensional tubule networks or three-dimensional spheroid and mouse aortic ring structures with IL-17A-induced platelet releasate evoked pro-angiogenic responses of ECs. Our findings suggest that IL-17A may critically affect platelet release of pro-angiogenic factors driving ECs towards a pro-angiogenic state.

Download Full-text

Endothelial dysfunction and body mass index: is there a role for plasma peroxynitrite?

Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences ◽

10.1186/s43088-020-00092-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Theresa Chikopela ◽

Douglas C. Heimburger ◽

Longa Kaluba ◽

Pharaoh Hamambulu ◽

Newton Simfukwe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Nitric Oxide ◽

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Body Mass ◽

Vascular Function ◽

Aortic Ring ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Oxide Synthase ◽

Weight Groups

Abstract Background Endothelial function is dependent on the balance between vasoconstrictive and vasodilatory substances. The endothelium ability to produce nitric oxide is one of the most crucial mechanisms in regulating vascular tone. An increase in inducible nitric oxide synthase contributes to endothelial dysfunction in overweight persons, while oxidative stress contributes to the conversion of nitric oxide to peroxynitrite (measured as nitrotyrosine in vivo) in underweight persons. The objective of this study was to elucidate the interaction of body composition and oxidative stress on vascular function and peroxynitrite. This was done through an experimental design with three weight groups (underweight, normal weight and overweight), with four treatment arms in each. Plasma nitrotyrosine levels were measured 15–20 h post lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, as were aortic ring tension changes. Acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) challenges were used to observe endothelial-dependent and endothelial-independent vascular relaxation after pre-constriction of aortic rings with phenylephrine. Results Nitrotyrosine levels in saline-treated rats were similar among the weight groups. There was a significant increase in nitrotyrosine levels between saline-treated rats and those treated with the highest lipopolysaccharide doses in each of the weight groups. In response to ACh challenge, Rmax (percentage reduction in aortic tension) was lowest in overweight rats (112%). In response to SNP, there was an insignificantly lower Rmax in the underweight rats (106%) compared to the normal weight rats (112%). Overweight rats had a significant decrease in Rmax (83%) in response to SNP, signifying involvement of a more chronic process in tension reduction changes. A lower Rmax accompanied an increase in peroxynitrite after acetylcholine challenge in all weight groups. Conclusions Endothelial dysfunction, observed as an impairment in the ability to reduce tension, is associated with increased plasma peroxynitrite levels across the spectrum of body mass. In higher-BMI rats, an additional role is played by vascular smooth muscle in the causation of endothelial dysfunction.

Download Full-text

IGFBP-1 in Cardiometabolic Pathophysiology—Insights From Loss-of-Function and Gain-of-Function Studies in Male Mice

Journal of the Endocrine Society ◽

10.1210/jendso/bvz006 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Natalie J Haywood ◽

Thomas A Slater ◽

Michael Drozd ◽

Nele Warmke ◽

Connor Matthews ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Aortic Ring ◽

Limb Ischemia ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Causal Role ◽

Metabolic Phenotype ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

Vascular Repair ◽

Loss Of Function ◽

Cardiometabolic Disorders

Abstract We have previously reported that overexpression of human insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-1 in mice leads to vascular insulin sensitization, increased nitric oxide bioavailability, reduced atherosclerosis, and enhanced vascular repair, and in the setting of obesity improves glucose tolerance. Human studies suggest that low levels of IGFBP-1 are permissive for the development of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Here we seek to determine whether loss of IGFBP-1 plays a causal role in the predisposition to cardiometabolic disease. Metabolic phenotyping was performed in transgenic mice with homozygous knockout of IGFBP-1. This included glucose, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor I tolerance testing under normal diet and high-fat feeding conditions. Vascular phenotyping was then performed in the same mice using vasomotor aortic ring studies, flow cytometry, vascular wire injury, and angiogenesis assays. These were complemented with vascular phenotyping of IGFBP-1 overexpressing mice. Metabolic phenotype was similar in IGFBP-1 knockout and wild-type mice subjected to obesity. Deletion of IGFBP-1 inhibited endothelial regeneration following injury, suggesting that IGFBP-1 is required for effective vascular repair. Developmental angiogenesis was unaltered by deletion or overexpression of IGFBP-1. Recovery of perfusion following hind limb ischemia was unchanged in mice lacking or overexpressing IGFBP-1; however, overexpression of IGFBP-1 stimulated hindlimb perfusion and angiogenesis in insulin-resistant mice. These findings provide new insights into the role of IGFBP-1 in metabolic and vascular pathophysiology. Irrespective of whether loss of IGFBP-1 plays a causal role in the development of cardiometabolic disorders, increasing IGFBP-1 levels appears effective in promoting neovascularization in response to ischemia.

Download Full-text

Calcium-dependent mechanisms mediate the vasorelaxant effects of Tridax procumbens (Lin) aqueous leaf extract in rat aortic ring

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1515/jbcpp-2013-0030 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hussein M. Salahdeen ◽

Gbolahan O. Idowu ◽

Omoniyi K. Yemitan ◽

Babatunde A. Murtala ◽

Abdul-Rasak A. Alada

Keyword(s):

Leaf Extract ◽

Aortic Ring ◽

Calcium Dependent ◽

Tridax Procumbens ◽

Aqueous Leaf Extract

Download Full-text

Age-associated pro-inflammatory adaptations of the mouse thoracic aorta

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1160/th13-01-0022 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 110 (10) ◽

pp. 785-794 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Bianca Hemmeryckx ◽

Marc F. Hoylaerts ◽

Eveline Deloose ◽

Cor E. Van Hove ◽

Paul Fransen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cell ◽

Thoracic Aorta ◽

Cell Activation ◽

Aortic Ring ◽

Ros Production ◽

Endothelial Protein C Receptor ◽

Endothelial Cell Activation ◽

Nadph Oxidase 4 ◽

Inflammatory State ◽

Factor Α

SummaryArterial ageing may be associated with a reduction in vasodilation due to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, whereas endothelial cell activation induces procoagulant changes. However, little is known on the effect of ageing on expression of anticoagulant endothelial markers such as endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR). To study age-associated alterations in smooth muscle cell (SMC) and endothelial cell (EC) structure and function, the aorta was isolated from 10-week-and 12– and 24-month-old C57BL/6J mice and analysed for its expression of genes involved in senescence, oxidative stress production, coagulation and matrix remodelling. In addition, vasorelaxation experiments were performed using 10-week-and 24-month-old thoracic aortic ring segments in organ chamber baths. The media thickness of the thoracic aorta progressively increased with age, associated with hypertrophy of vascular SMCs. Basal nitric oxide production and sensitivity to acetylcholine-mediated vasodilation in thoracic aorta rings was reduced with age, whereas no significant differences in ROS production could be demonstrated. Gene expression of tissue factor, EPCR and von Willebrand factor was not affected by ageing of the aorta, whereas that of thrombomodulin was mildly reduced and that of xanthine dehydrogenase, NADPH oxidase 4, tumour necrosis factor-α and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 significantly enhanced. In conclusion, a reduction in endothelial cell-mediated vasodilation in aged thoracic aortas of C57BL/6J mice was accompanied by a shift towards a pro-inflammatory state of the endothelium.

Download Full-text

Functional Outcomes of Type I Bicuspid Aortic Valve Repair With Annular Stabilization: Subcommissural Annuloplasty Versus External Subannular Aortic Ring

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.athoracsur.2018.06.056 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 107 (1) ◽

pp. 68-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hanjo Ko ◽

Joseph E. Bavaria ◽

Andreas Habertheuer ◽

John G. Augoustides ◽

Mary A. Siki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aortic Valve ◽

Bicuspid Aortic Valve ◽

Functional Outcomes ◽

Aortic Ring ◽

Aortic Valve Repair ◽

Type I ◽

Valve Repair

Download Full-text

Preclinical Evaluation of Discorhabdins in Antiangiogenic and Antitumor Models

Marine Drugs ◽

10.3390/md16070241 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. 241 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Emily Harris ◽

Jonathan Strope ◽

Shaunna Beedie ◽

Phoebe Huang ◽

Andrew Goey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ex Vivo ◽

Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽

Xenograft Model ◽

Aortic Ring ◽

Therapeutic Benefit ◽

Tube Formation ◽

Endothelial Cell Proliferation ◽

System A ◽

Oncogenic Transcription Factor

Elements of the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) transcriptional system, a key regulator of the cellular hypoxic response, are up-regulated in a range of cancer cells. HIF is fundamentally involved in tumor angiogenesis, invasion, and energy metabolism. Inhibition of the transcriptional activity of HIF may be of therapeutic benefit to cancer patients. We recently described the identification of two marine pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids with potent activity in inhibiting the interaction between the oncogenic transcription factor HIF-1α and the coactivator protein p300. Herein, we present further characterization data for these two screening hits: discorhabdin H (1) and discorhabdin L (2), with a specific focus on their anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor effects. We demonstrated that only discorhabdin L (2) possesses excellent anti-angiogenic activity in inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation and tube formation, as well as decreasing microvessel outgrowth in the ex vivo rat aortic ring assay. We further showed that discorhabdin L (2) significantly inhibits in vivo prostate tumor growth in a LNCaP xenograft model. In conclusion, our findings suggest that discorhabdin L (2) represents a promising HIF-1α inhibitor worthy of further drug development.

Download Full-text

Early Clinical Experience with Double Ring Implantation for Aortic and Mitral Valve Repair

The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1667324 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (07) ◽

pp. 561-563

Author(s):

M. Russo ◽

M. Andreas ◽

S. J. Rankin ◽

F. Maisano ◽

A. Weber

Keyword(s):

Mitral Valve ◽

Mitral Valve Repair ◽

Clinical Experience ◽

Aortic Ring ◽

Ventricular Outflow Tract ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Valve Repair ◽

Double Ring ◽

End Diastolic Volume ◽

Early Results

AbstractReconstruction of cardiac valves is associated with reduced mortality, including in multiple valve surgery. However, multiple valve repair is still considered a challenge, even with established techniques. Recently, internal aortic ring annuloplasty has been introduced and could simplify multiple valve reconstruction. This study reports early results with double ring aortic and mitral valve repair. Three patients with bivalvular degenerative regurgitation were managed with combined aortic and mitral valve repair using double rings. Mean (±SD) age was 41 ± 21 years, preoperative left ventricular end-diastolic volume was 119 ± 53 mL/m2, and ejection fraction was 0.50 ± 0.07. Mean aortic ring diameter was 21 mm, and mitral rings averaged 32 mm. No operative mortalities or major complications were observed. No valve-related events occurred. Postoperative echo showed complete resolution of mitral and aortic regurgitation. Postoperative left ventricular end-diastolic volume decreased to 98 ± 10 mL/m2; no left ventricular outflow tract obstruction or significant transvalvular gradients were observed. Postoperative cardiac CTs showed an optimal three-dimensional configuration of aortic and mitral annuloplasty devices. This initial series demonstrated the feasibility and safety of combined aortic and mitral repair with double rings. Clinical and hemodynamic results were promising. Increasing application and more clinical experience with combined aortic and mitral double ring repair seems indicated.

Download Full-text