Plasma modification of man-made cellulose fibers (Lyocell) for improved fiber/matrix adhesion in poly(lactic acid) composites

2012 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 4378-4386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Graupner ◽  
Katharina Albrecht ◽  
Dirk Hegemann ◽  
Jörg Müssig
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Plasma Modification ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Matrix Adhesion ◽  
Fiber Matrix

scholarly journals Thermo-Mechanical and Morphological Properties of Polymer Composites Reinforced by Natural Fibers Derived from Wet Blue Leather Wastes: A Comparative Study

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1837
Author(s):  
Alessandro Nanni ◽  
Mariafederica Parisi ◽  
Martino Colonna ◽  
Massimo Messori
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Matrix Adhesion ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Leather Wastes ◽  
Fiber Matrix

The present work investigated the possibility to use wet blue (WB) leather wastes as natural reinforcing fibers within different polymer matrices. After their preparation and characterization, WB fibers were melt-mixed at 10 wt.% with poly(lactic acid) (PLA), polyamide 12 (PA12), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and the obtained samples were subjected to rheological, thermal, thermo-mechanical, and viscoelastic analyses. In parallel, morphological properties such as fiber distribution and dispersion, fiber–matrix adhesion, and fiber exfoliation phenomena were analyzed through a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to evaluate the relationship between the compounding process, mechanical responses, and morphological parameters. The PLA-based composite exhibited the best results since the Young modulus (+18%), tensile strength (+1.5%), impact (+10%), and creep (+5%) resistance were simultaneously enhanced by the addition of WB fibers, which were well dispersed and distributed in and significantly branched and interlocked with the polymer matrix. PA12- and TPU-based formulations showed a positive behavior (around +47% of the Young modulus and +40% of creep resistance) even if the not-optimal fiber–matrix adhesion and/or the poor de-fibration of WB slightly lowered the tensile strength and elongation at break. Finally, the TPE-based sample exhibited the worst performance because of the poor affinity between hydrophilic WB fibers and the hydrophobic polymer matrix.

Morphology, Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Propylene-Ethylene Copolymer/Cellulose Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 972 ◽  
pp. 172-177
Author(s):  
Sirirat Wacharawichanant ◽  
Patteera Opasakornwong ◽  
Ratchadakorn Poohoi ◽  
Manop Phankokkruad
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Phase Morphology ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Ethylene Copolymer ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

This work studied the effects of various types of cellulose fibers on the morphology, mechanical and thermal properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/propylene-ethylene copolymer (PEC) (90/10 w/w) blends. The PLA/PEC blends before and after adding cellulose fibers were prepared by melt blending method in the internal mixer and molded by compression method. The morphological analysis observed that the presence of cellulose in PLA did not change the phase morphology of PLA, and PLA/cellulose composite surfaces were observed the cellulose fibers inserted in PLA matrix and fiber pull-out. The phase morphology of PLA/PEC blends was changed from brittle fracture to ductile fracture behavior and showed the phase separation between PLA and PEC phases. The presence of celluloses did not improve the compatibility between PLA and PEC phases. The tensile stress and strain curves found that the tensile stress of PLA was the highest value. The addition of all celluloses increased Young’s modulus of PLA. The PEC presence increased the tensile strain of PLA over two times when compared with neat PLA and PLA was toughened by PEC. The incorporation of cellulose fibers in PLA/PEC blends could improve Young’s modulus, tensile strength, and stress at break of the blends. The thermal stability showed that the degradation temperatures of all types of cellulose were less than the degradation temperatures of PLA. Thus, the incorporation of cellulose in PLA could not enhance the thermal stability of PLA composites and PLA/PEC composites. The degradation temperature of PEC was the highest value, but it could not improve the thermal stability of PLA. The incorporation of cellulose fibers had no effect on the melting temperature of the PLA blend and composites.

scholarly journals Using Factorial Design Methodology to Assess PLA-g-Ma and Henequen Microfibrillated Cellulose Content on the Mechanical Properties of Poly(lactic acid) Composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dzul-Cervantes ◽  
P. J. Herrera-Franco ◽  
T. Tábi ◽  
A. Valadez-Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Coupling Agent ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Microfibrillated Cellulose ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Matrix Adhesion ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Fiber Matrix

In this work, a 22 factorial design was used to study the effect of microfibrillated henequen cellulose fibers (HENCEL) and PLA-g-MA coupling agent contents on the tensile, flexural, and impact mechanical properties and the heat deflection temperature (HDT) of biodegradable PLA composites. The results show that the principal effects of HENCEL and MA are statistically significant for the tensile, flexural, HDT, and impact strength properties of PLA composites. Regarding the interactions between the principle effects, MA-HENCEL, there are differences with respect to the mechanical property; for example, for tensile and flexural mechanical properties, there is a synergistic effect between MA and HENCEL, whereas for HDT and impact strength there is not any. The micromechanical analysis shows an excellent agreement between the measured and the estimated values for both the composite tensile strength and the elastic modulus and only slight deviations were noticed for high microfibrillated cellulose fibers content. The morphological analysis via SEM indicated that the addition of PLA-g-MA improved the fiber-matrix adhesion because of the HENCEL unbounding and pull-out decreases from the PLA matrix. The use of appropriate values of matrix strength and stiffness and considering the improved fiber-matrix adhesion of the coupling agent yield a good agreement between experimental and estimated values.

Short-Fiber-Reinforced Elastomer Composites

1977 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 945-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Type ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Short Fiber ◽  
Bonding Agents ◽  
Fiber Dispersion ◽  
Adhesion Promoters ◽  
Fiber Aspect Ratio ◽  
Matrix Adhesion ◽  
Glass Carbon ◽  
Fiber Matrix

Abstract The reinforcement of elastomers with short fibers results in composites with a wide variety of properties. The performance and properties are a function of fiber type, fiber content, fiber aspect ratio, fiber orientation, fiber dispersion, fiber-matrix adhesion, processing methods, and properties of the elastomer matrix. A composite with almost any desired property can be obtained by manipulation of these parameters. Of the five fibers studied in this work, glass and carbon are the poorest for increasing mechanical properties. The cellulose, aramid, and nylon fibers all reinforce elastomers to give composites of approximately the same magnitude in properties. Alignment of reinforcing fibers by milling creates a significant anisotropy in the composite properties. The degree of fiber alignment is best for glass, carbon, and cellulose fibers. The uniformity of fiber dispersion is again best for glass, carbon, and cellulose fibers. Aramid and nylon fibers tend to clump together and do not disperse easily. Fiber-to-matrix adhesion is a problem. No evidence of consistently good fiber-matrix adhesion is observed except for the precoated cellulose fibers. The interaction between fiber and elastomer can only improve with a coating or sizing that is compatible with both the fiber and its matrix. Adhesion-promoting bonding agents also improve fiber-matrix adhesion. However, each fiber and/or elastomer may be influenced differently by a bonding agent. Adhesion promoters specific to the type of composite being prepared must be sought in order to obtain optimum properties.

Mechanical Properties of Biocomposite Films Based on Poly(Lactic Acid) Reinforced with Cellulose Fibers

2018 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 410-414
Author(s):  
T. Jamnongkan ◽  
N. Boonjuban ◽  
J. Sangkhachat ◽  
A. Wattanakornsiri ◽  
Rattanaphol Mongkholrattanasit
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Swelling Behavior ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Alternative Reinforcement ◽  
Biocomposite Films ◽  
Biopolymer Composites

In this paper, we intended to study and improve the mechanical properties of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) composites with cellulose fibers from recycled newspapers. The influence of cellulose fiber content on tensile mechanical properties and swelling behavior of biocomposite films were investigated. In addition, the morphological property of biocomposite films was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the cellulose fibers have directly affected to the swelling behavior of biocomposite films. In addition, it was found that the cellulose fibers were found embedded between PLA matrices, which resulting to the improvement and increase the mechanical properties of biocomposite films. These findings illustrate that the cellulose fibers from recycled newspaper possesses good fillers and could be a good alternative reinforcement for biopolymer composites.

scholarly journals Oxidized Cellulose Fibers for Reinforment in Poly(Lactic Acid) Based Composite

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 1435-1440
Author(s):  
F.A. Syamani ◽  
Y.D. Kurniawan ◽  
L. Suryanegara
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Oxidized Cellulose

scholarly journals ABS composites with cellulose fibers: Towards fiber-matrix adhesion without surface modification

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 100142
Author(s):  
Lucas Polo Fonseca ◽  
Walter R. Waldman ◽  
Marco Aurelio De Paoli
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Matrix Adhesion ◽  
Fiber Matrix

scholarly journals Investigation of Long Cellulose Fibre Reinforced and Injection Moulded Poly(lactic acid) Biocomposites

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hajba ◽  
T. Tábi
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Creep Resistance ◽  
Fiber Reinforcement ◽  
Cellulose Fibre ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Manufacturing Technology ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Extrusion Coating

We investigated injection moulded composites of a polylactic acid matrix reinforced with cellulose fibers. We produced long fiber reinforced granules (preforms) with the use of two technologies: extrusion coating and film stacking. We examined the effect of fiber reinforcement and manufacturing technology on the properties of the composites. 30 wt% fiber reinforcement caused an increase in both strength and modulus compared to the reference PLA, and we also managed to improve creep resistance.

scholarly journals Plasma Modification of Poly Lactic Acid Solutions to Generate High Quality Electrospun PLA Nanofibers

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Rezaei ◽  
Anton Nikiforov ◽  
Rino Morent ◽  
Nathalie De Geyter
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Plasma Modification ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
High Quality

High-Performance Green Composites of Poly(lactic acid) and Waste Cellulose Fibers Prepared by High-Shear Thermokinetic Mixing

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (30) ◽  
pp. 8568-8579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oguzhan Oguz ◽  
Kaan Bilge ◽  
Eren Simsek ◽  
Mehmet Kerem Citak ◽  
Abdulmounem Alchekh Wis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cellulose Fibers ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
High Shear ◽  
Green Composites ◽  
Waste Cellulose
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