The role of body weight in the relationship between physical activity and endometrial cancer: Results from a large cohort of US women

AbstractLeptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone, which is involved predominantly in the long-term regulation of body weight and energy balance by acting as a hunger suppressant signal to the brain. Leptin is also involved in the modulation of reproduction, immune function, physical activity, and some endogenous endocrine axes. Since anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are characterized by abnormal eating behaviors, dysregulation of endogenous endocrine axes, alterations of reproductive and immune functions, and increased physical activity, extensive research has been carried out in the last decade in order to ascertain a role of this hormone in the pathophysiology of these syndromes. In this article, we review the available data on leptin physiology in patients with eating disorders. These data support the idea that leptin is not directly involved in the etiology of AN or BN. However, malnutrition-induced alterations in its physiology may contribute to the genesis and/or the maintenance of some clinical manifestations of AN and BN and may have an impact on the prognosis of AN.

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Body weight misperception and psychological distress among young South Korean adults: the role of physical activity

Global Health Research and Policy ◽

10.1186/s41256-017-0036-9 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Eun-Young Lee ◽

Maxine Myre ◽

Jongnam Hwang ◽

Heeran Chun ◽

Eunchul Seo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Weight ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

South Korean ◽

Weight Misperception ◽

Korean Adults

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Maternal Prepregnancy Overweight and Offspring Fatness and Blood Pressure: Role of Physical Activity

Pediatric Exercise Science ◽

10.1123/pes.22.3.369 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 369-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Joey C. Eisenman ◽

Mark A. Sarzynski ◽

Jerod Tucker ◽

Kate A. Heelan

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Self Report ◽

Body Fatness ◽

X Ray ◽

Prepregnancy Bmi ◽

Maternal Overweight ◽

The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to examine if offspring physical activity may affect the relationship between maternal overweight and offspring fatness and blood pressure (BP). Subjects included 144 maternal-child pairs (n = 74 boys and 70 girls, mean age = 7.3 yrs). Maternal prepregnancy BMI was determined by self-report. Offspring characteristics included resting systolic and diastolic BP, body fatness by dual energy x-ray absorbtiometry, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) using the Actigraph accelerometer. Children whose mothers were overweight or obese prepregnancy (Prepreg OW) were significantly larger and fatter than children from mothers with a normal prepregnancy BMI (Prepreg NORM). Prepreg OW children also had higher mean arterial pressure than Prepreg NORM children. BP values were not different across maternal Prepreg BMI/MVPA groups. Percent fat was significantly different across Prepreg BMI/MVPA groups. Prepreg OW children that did not meet the daily recommended value of MVPA were the fattest. Prepreg OW children that attained 360 min of MVPA/day had a mean percent body fat that was similar to Prepreg NORM children of either MVPA group.

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The relationship between psychosocial factors and reported disability: The role of pain self-efficacy

10.21203/rs.3.rs-736799/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Antonio Varela

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Chronic Pain ◽

Low Back Pain ◽

Psychosocial Factors ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Pain Catastrophizing ◽

Low Back ◽

Mediating Role ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background Chronic pain in all its forms and the accompanying level of disability is a healthcare crisis that reaches epidemic proportions and is considered a world level crisis. Chronic non-specific low back pain contributes a significant proportion of chronic pain. Specific psychosocial factors and their influence on reported disability in a chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP) population was researched. Methods Psychosocial factors examined include fear, catastrophizing, depression, and pain self-efficacy. This cross-sectional correlational study examined the mediating role between pain self-efficacy and the specific psychosocial factors with reported disability. The study included 90 participants with CNLBP between 20 and 60 years of age. Participants completed the Fear Avoidance Belief Questionnaire, The Pain Catastrophizing Scale, The Patient Health Questionnaire-9, The Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, and The Lumbar Oswestry Disability Index to measure fear of physical activity, pain catastrophizing, depression, pain self-efficacy, and reported disability, respectively. The study used multivariate regression and mediation analyses. Results The principal finding of the study was a strong inverse relationship between pain self-efficacy and reported disability. Further, pain self-efficacy was considered a statistic mediator for all psychosocial factors investigated within this data set. Pain self-efficacy was strongly considered to have a mediating role between reported fear of physical activity and disability, reported pain catastrophizing and disability, and reported depression and disability. Additionally, adjusting for age and reported pain levels proved to be statistically significant, and it did not alter the role of pain self-efficacy. Conclusion The results identified that pain self-efficacy had a mediating role in the relationship between the specific psychosocial factors of fear, catastrophizing, and depression and reported disability. Pain self-efficacy plays a more significant role in the relationships between specific psychosocial factors and reported disability with CNLBP than previously considered.

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Role of Precision Oncology in Type II Endometrial and Prostate Cancers in the African Population: Global Cancer Genomics Disparities

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms23020628 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 628

Author(s):

Rahaba Marima ◽

Rodney Hull ◽

Mandisa Mbeje ◽

Thulo Molefi ◽

Kgomotso Mathabe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Endometrial Cancer ◽

African Ancestry ◽

African Population ◽

Precision Oncology ◽

Type Ii ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Prostate Cancers ◽

The Relationship

Precision oncology can be defined as molecular profiling of tumors to identify targetable alterations. Emerging research reports the high mortality rates associated with type II endometrial cancer in black women and with prostate cancer in men of African ancestry. The lack of adequate genetic reference information from the African genome is one of the major obstacles in exploring the benefits of precision oncology in the African context. Whilst external factors such as the geography, environment, health-care access and socio-economic status may contribute greatly towards the disparities observed in type II endometrial and prostate cancers in black populations compared to Caucasians, the contribution of African ancestry to the contribution of genetics to the etiology of these cancers cannot be ignored. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) continue to emerge as important regulators of gene expression and the key molecular pathways involved in tumorigenesis. Particular attention is focused on activated/repressed genes and associated pathways, while the redundant pathways (pathways that have the same outcome or activate the same downstream effectors) are often ignored. However, comprehensive evidence to understand the relationship between type II endometrial cancer, prostate cancer and African ancestry remains poorly understood. The sub-Saharan African (SSA) region has both the highest incidence and mortality of both type II endometrial and prostate cancers. Understanding how the entire transcriptomic landscape of these two reproductive cancers is regulated by ncRNAs in an African cohort may help elucidate the relationship between race and pathological disparities of these two diseases. This review focuses on global disparities in medicine, PCa and ECa. The role of precision oncology in PCa and ECa in the African population will also be discussed.

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The study of mediating role of physical activity in the relationship between the emotional intelligence and psychological well-being in the elderly

Salmand ◽

10.32598/sija.13.10.350 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Sima Razaghi ◽

Sajad Parsaei ◽

Esmaeel Saemi

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Well Being ◽

The Elderly ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Mediating Role ◽

The Relationship

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Physical activity trajectories following gynecological cancer: results from a prospective, longitudinal cohort study

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer ◽

10.1136/ijgc-2020-001543 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (11) ◽

pp. 1784-1790

Author(s):

Steven Fleming ◽

Tamara Jones ◽

Monika Janda ◽

Dimitrios Vagenas ◽

Leigh Ward ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Endometrial Cancer ◽

Gynecological Cancer ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Physical Activity Levels ◽

Low Levels ◽

The Relationship ◽

Over Time

BackgroundParticipating in physical activity after a diagnosis of cancer is associated with reduced morbidity and improved outcomes. However, declines in, and low levels of, physical activity are well documented in the broader cancer population, but with limited evidence following gynecological cancer.ObjectiveTo describe physical activity levels from before and up to 2 years after gynecological cancer surgery; to explore the relationship between physical activity patterns and quality of life; and to describe characteristics associated with physical activity trajectories post-gynecological cancer.MethodsWomen with gynecological cancer (n=408) participated in a prospective study that assessed physical activity and quality of life pre-surgery (baseline), at 6 weeks, and 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 and 24 months post-surgery. Validated questionnaires were used to assess physical activity (Active Australia Survey) and quality of life outcomes (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General). Generalized estimating equation modeling, group-based trajectory analysis, and analysis of variance were used to identify physical activity levels over time, to categorize women into physical activity trajectory groups, and to assess the relationship between physical activity levels and quality of life, respectively.ResultsWomen had a mean±SD age of 60±11.4 years at diagnosis, with the majority diagnosed with endometrial cancer (n=235, 58%) or stage I disease (n=241, 59%). Most women (80%) started with and maintained low levels of physical activity (1–10 metabolic equivalent task hours per week), reported no physical activity throughout the follow-up period, or reduced physical activity levels over time. Only 19% of women maintained or doubled physical activity levels, so that by 24 months post-diagnosis they were engaging in sufficient levels of physical activity. Women with endometrial cancer (58% of the sample) were more likely to be overweight or obese and to report low levels of physical activity or none at all. Higher physical activity levels were associated with higher quality of life (p<0.05).ConclusionThe low baseline and surveillance levels of physical activity show that the vast majority of gynecological cancer survivors have the ability to improve their physical activity levels. Integration of physical activity advice and support into standard care could lead to gains in quality of life during gynecological cancer survivorship.

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SLEEP QUALITY AS A MECHANISM LINKING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.2866 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S779-S779

Author(s):

Alycia N Bisson ◽

Margie E Lachman

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Executive Functioning ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

The United States ◽

Physically Active ◽

Waking Up ◽

The Relationship ◽

Second Wave ◽

Moderating Role

Abstract Modifiable health behaviors, such as physical activity and sleep quality are important for cognition throughout life. A growing body of research also suggests that engaging in enough physical activity is important to sleeping well. One recent study found that sleep efficiency mediates the relationship between physical activity and cognition. It is still unknown whether other metrics of sleep quality are mediators. The present study tested mediation in the second wave of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study. Using the PROCESS macro for SPSS, we found that those who were more physically active fell asleep faster, and had better executive functioning. In addition, those who were more physically active reported waking up fewer times during the night, and had better executive functioning and self-rated memory. Discussion will focus on the moderating role of gender and distinctions between findings with different measures of sleep, physical activity, and cognition.

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Like Mother, like Son: Physical Activity, Commuting, and Associated Demographic Factors

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12145631 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (14) ◽

pp. 5631 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Caroline Brand ◽

Cézane Priscila Reuter ◽

Arieli Fernandes Dias ◽

Jorge Mota ◽

Michael Duncan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Skin Color ◽

Demographic Factors ◽

Active Commuting ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Relationship ◽

Living Area

A mother’s healthy conduct may lead to the healthy conduct of their children. Thus, this study aimed to verify the role of demographic factors in the relationship between mothers’ physical activity (PA) and commuting to work with children and adolescent’s PA and commuting to school. This cross-sectional study comprised 1421 children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years and 1421 mothers, from Brazil. PA, commuting, socioeconomic status (SES), skin color/ethnicity, and living area were evaluated by questionnaire. Logistic binary regression models were used. Results indicated that mothers’ PA and commuting were associated with children and adolescent’s PA and commuting to school in crude and adjusted models. Considering the role of the demographic factors, an association was only observed for girls in the relationship between mother’s PA with children’s PA. In adolescents, an association was observed in both high/low SES, boys/girls, and rural/urban areas. Regarding children and adolescent active commuting to school, there was an association with mothers commuting. All demographic factors were strongly associated, except for rural areas. Therefore, mothers’ PA as well as commuting to work are associated with children and adolescent’s PA and commuting to school. Sex, living area, and SES are the related demographic factors.

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