Metabolic Risk Factors Associated with Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in a Sex‐Specific Manner in Seven‐Year‐Olds

ObjectiveTo investigate the association of abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) with cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents.Research design and methodsThis cross-sectional study consisted of 8460 children and adolescents aged 6–18 years from Chinese urban areas who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan and had metabolic risk factors measured.ResultsIn multivariate analysis adjusted for region, family income, age, puberty development, physical activity, and smoking, VAT and SAT were significantly associated with all metabolic risk factors for both sexes (all p<0.01). After additional adjustment for fat mass index, most of these associations remain significantly positive. In boys, SAT had greater ORs for all risk factors compared with VAT; in girls, however, SAT had greater odds for high triglycerides, smaller odds for high low-density lipid cholesterol, and similar odds for other risk factors compared with VAT. In addition, boys had greater magnitude of associations of SAT with high total cholesterol, high low-density lipid cholesterol, and low high-density lipid cholesterol compared with girls; no sex differences for VAT were observed.ConclusionsBoth abdominal VAT and SAT have adverse impacts on most of the cardiometabolic risk factors in youth. However, their relative contributions differ between sexes.

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Differences in Muscle and Adipose Tissue Gene Expression and Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in the Members of Physical Activity Discordant Twin Pairs

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0012609 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (9) ◽

pp. e12609 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Tuija Leskinen ◽

Rita Rinnankoski-Tuikka ◽

Mirva Rintala ◽

Tuulikki Seppänen-Laakso ◽

Eija Pöllänen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Metabolic Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

Adipose Tissue Gene Expression ◽

Tissue Gene Expression ◽

Discordant Twin

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Relationship Between Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2017-0090 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (10) ◽

pp. 779-784 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Peter T. Katzmarzyk ◽

Amanda E. Staiano

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

Background:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between adherence to pediatric 24-hour movement guidelines (moderate to vigorous physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep) and cardiometabolic risk factors.Methods:The sample included 357 white and African American children aged 5–18 years. Physical activity, television viewing, and sleep duration were measured using questionnaires, and the 24-hour movement guidelines were defined as ≥60 minutes per day of moderate to vigorous physical activity on ≥5 days per week, ≤ 2 hours per day of television, and sleeping 9–11 hours per night (ages 5–13 y) or 8–10 hours per night (ages 14–18 y). Waist circumference, body fat, abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, blood pressure, fasting triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose were measured in a clinical setting.Results:A total of 26.9% of the sample met none of the guidelines, whereas 36.4%, 28.3%, and 8.4% of the sample met 1, 2, or all 3 guidelines, respectively. There were significant associations between the number of guidelines met and body mass index, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, triglycerides, and glucose. There were no associations with blood pressure or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.Conclusions:Meeting more components of the 24-hour movement guidelines was associated with lower levels of obesity and several cardiometabolic risk factors. Future efforts should consider novel strategies to simultaneously improve physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep in children.

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Age and metabolic risk factors associated with oxidatively damaged DNA in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Oncotarget ◽

10.18632/oncotarget.3202 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 2641-2653 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Mille Løhr ◽

Annie Jensen ◽

Louise Eriksen ◽

Morten Grønbæk ◽

Steffen Loft ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Human Peripheral Blood ◽

Metabolic Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Blood Mononuclear Cells

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Is the reduction of lower-body subcutaneous adipose tissue associated with elevations in risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease?

Diabetologia ◽

10.1007/s00125-008-1058-0 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 51 (8) ◽

pp. 1475-1482 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

P. M. Janiszewski ◽

J. L. Kuk ◽

R. Ross

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Lower Body ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

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Abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue and associations with cardiometabolic risk in Inuit, Africans and Europeans: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038071 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. e038071 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pernille Falberg Rønn ◽

Gregers Stig Andersen ◽

Torsten Lauritzen ◽

Dirk Lund Christensen ◽

Mette Aadahl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Hepatic Insulin Resistance ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

ObjectivesAbdominal fat has been identified as a risk marker of cardiometabolic disease independent of overall adiposity. However, it is not clear whether there are ethnic disparities in this risk. We investigated the associations of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) with cardiometabolic risk factors in three ethnic diverse populations of Inuit, Africans and Europeans.DesignCross-sectional pooled study.SettingGreenland, Kenya and Denmark.MethodsA total of 5113 participants (2933 Inuit, 1397 Africans and 783 Europeans) from three studies in Greenland, Kenya and Denmark were included. Measurements included abdominal fat distribution assessed by ultrasound, oral glucose tolerance test, hepatic insulin resistance, blood pressure and lipids. The associations were analysed using multiple linear regressions.ResultsAcross ethnic group and gender, an increase in VAT of 1 SD was associated with higher levels of hepatic insulin resistance (ranging from 14% to 28%), triglycerides (8% to 16%) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, −1.0 to −0.05 mmol/L) independent of body mass index. VAT showed positive associations with most of the other cardiometabolic risk factors in Inuit and Europeans, but not in Africans. In contrast, SAT was mainly associated with the outcomes in Inuit and Africans. Of notice was that higher SAT was associated with higher HDL-C in African men (0.11 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.18) and with lower HDL-C in Inuit (−0.07 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.12 to –0.02), but not in European men (−0.02 mmol/L, 95% CI: −0.09 to 0.05). Generally weaker associations were observed for women. Furthermore, the absolute levels of several of the cardiometabolic outcomes differed between the ethnic groups.ConclusionsVAT and SAT were associated with several of the cardiometabolic risk factors beyond overall adiposity. Some of these associations were specific to ethnicity, suggesting that ethnicity plays a role in the pathway from abdominal fat to selected cardiometabolic risk factors.

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