Vibration‐Based Monitoring of Gas‐Stirring Intensity in Vacuum Tank Degassing

Currently, biodiesel produced from algae is receiving a positive response as a substitute for conventional base diesel. To cope up from the costs of expensive downstream stages in the production of biodiesel from algae, present investigation is conducted using algae growing in wastewater as lipid source for biodiesel production. The in situ transesterification using algae was carried to optimize the effect of reaction parameters on the biodiesel yield. The parameters studied were: temperature (35-75 ºC), algae biomass (wt.) to methanol (vol.) ratio (1:1-1:6), catalyst concentration (25-100 wt. %) and stirring intensity (150-750 rpm). The optimum conditions for maximum biodiesel yield achieved were: catalyst concentration and algae biomass to methanol ratio were 60 % and 1:4, respectively with stirring intensity of 450 rpm at 55 ºC. The gas chromatographic studies and fuel properties of biodiesel also establish its potential to be used as fuel in existing engines in accordance to American and European standards.

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Characterization and Application Process Optimization of CuO/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst in CWAO Technology

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1008-1009.338 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1008-1009 ◽

pp. 338-341

Author(s):

Yu Xiu Zhang ◽

Cheng Zhi Wang ◽

Yong Li Zhang ◽

Zhang Wei Li

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Oxygen Partial Pressure ◽

Partial Pressure ◽

Reaction Temperature ◽

Removal Rate ◽

Influence Factors ◽

Carrier Distribution ◽

Influent Water ◽

Catalyst Dosage ◽

Stirring Intensity

CuO/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was used to deal with the waste leachate in CWAO technology of, and the SEM and TEM characterization showed: active component in the surface of the carrier distribution is uniform; In CWAO process, six factors, based on the CODCr removal rate and turbidity removal rate, the biggest impact factor is reaction temperature, and the influence factors of the top three were reaction temperature, catalyst dosage and reaction time. The influence factors of those in the bottom three are influent water pH, oxygen partial pressure, stirring intensity, and three factors of influence on the strength is close. Optimizing operation process, in order: reaction temperature of 200 °C, catalyst dosage of 1.5 g, oxygen partial pressure of 2.0 MPa, stirring intensity 800 rpm, influent water pH of 7.0, the reaction time of 70 min.

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Preparation of Magnesium Carbonate Whisker by Using Magnesite Tailings

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.654-656.2022 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 654-656 ◽

pp. 2022-2024

Author(s):

Nan Wang ◽

Yue Yuan Li ◽

Hong Wei Ni

Keyword(s):

Thermal Decomposition ◽

Aspect Ratio ◽

Magnesium Carbonate ◽

Decomposition Temperature ◽

Magnesium Salt ◽

Thermal Decomposition Temperature ◽

Stirring Intensity

Magnesium carbonate whisker was prepared by thermal decomposition of Mg(HCO3)2 solution that was prepared through hydration and carbonation of light burnt magnesia derived from magnesite tailings. The effects of thermal decomposition conditions on the morphology of magnesium carbonate crystal were investigated. Magnesium carbonate whiskers were successfully prepared when a kind of soluble magnesium salt was added, and magnesium carbonate whiskers with the length of 20 to 60μm and aspect ratio of 10~20 were obtained under the condition of 50 °C thermal decomposition temperature and 200 rpm stirring intensity.

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Study on the High Speed Jet-Electrode Position Ni-P Alloy

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.567.39 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 567 ◽

pp. 39-44

Author(s):

Ying Wang ◽

Min Kang ◽

Yong Yang ◽

Xiu Qing Fu

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Critical Current Density ◽

Critical Current ◽

Current Density ◽

High Speed ◽

Electrode Position ◽

Stirring Intensity

The high speed jet-electrodepositing equipment was used to prepare Ni-P alloy in substrate of 45 steel. The influences of current density on depositing rate, hardness of deposit and microstructure of Ni-P alloy were studied, and the comparation with that of conventional electroplating were studied. The results show that with the increase of stirring intensity of the electrolyte, the thickness of diffused layer decreases, the critical current density increases, and then the depositing rates increase to 69.82/min. A linear increasing of the depositing rate with the increase of current density is observed, and it refines grain size obviously. Deposit hardness up to 679HV.

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Measurement of activated sludge particle diameters using laser diffraction method / Pomiary średnicy cząstek osadu czynnego za pomocą metody dyfrakcji laserowej

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S ◽

10.2478/v10216-011-0042-7 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 597-608 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Andrzej Bieganowski ◽

Grzegorz Łagód ◽

Magdalena Ryżak ◽

Agnieszka Montusiewicz ◽

Mariola Chomczyńska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Sludge ◽

Diffraction Method ◽

Laser Diffraction ◽

Measurement Unit ◽

Dynamic Flow ◽

Ultrasound Waves ◽

Mechanical Disintegration ◽

Real Value ◽

Sludge Particle ◽

Stirring Intensity

Abstract The paper presents a study on the possibility of using the laser diffraction method for measuring the size of the activated sludge particles. Susceptibility of the particles to mechanical disintegration, dependent on the programmed value of stirring intensity, was observed (stirring was caused by required dynamic flow of analysed suspension through the measurement unit). According to the conclusions presented in this paper, it may be assumed that the laser diffraction method can be applied for measurement of activated sludge particle diameters under the following conditions: 1) the size of activated sludge particles measured by the laser diffraction method is not a real value, but after standardisation of measurement conditions can be treated as a parameter describing the sludge; 2) the particle diameters of activated sludge should be stabilised before the measurement, eg by mixing in the measurement unit or by ultrasound waves application.

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Characteristics of the Supersonic Combustion Coherent Jet for Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12213504 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (21) ◽

pp. 3504

Author(s):

Fei Zhao ◽

Rong Zhu ◽

Wenrui Wang

Keyword(s):

Turbulence Intensity ◽

Dynamic Pressure ◽

Electric Arc Furnace ◽

Electric Arc ◽

Supersonic Combustion ◽

Arc Furnace ◽

Coherent Jet ◽

Jet Characteristics ◽

The Impact ◽

Stirring Intensity

Herein, a supersonic combustion coherent jet is proposed based on current coherent jet technology to improve the impact capacity of a coherent jet and increase the stirring intensity of the electric arc furnace (EAF) bath. Further, numerical simulations and an experimental analysis are combined to study the supersonic combustion coherent jet characteristics, including the Mach number, dynamic pressure, static temperature, vorticity, and turbulence intensity, in the EAF steelmaking environment. The results show that the supersonic combustion coherent jet exhibits stable combustion in a high-temperature EAF steelmaking environment. The supersonic combustion flame generated by the supersonic shrouding fuel gas can envelop the main oxygen jet more effectively than current coherent jets. Furthermore, the velocity attenuation, vorticity, and turbulence intensity performances of the supersonic combustion coherent jet are better when compared with those of the current coherent jet. The velocity core length of the main oxygen jet for the supersonic combustion coherent jet is 30% longer than that of the current coherent jet, resulting in an improved impact capacity and stirring intensity of the molten bath.

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Clean Synthesis of 2-Methylglycidol over a Novel Titanosilica Catalyst - Ti-MWW under Autogenic Pressure

International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering ◽

10.1515/1542-6580.2898 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anna Fajdek ◽

Agnieszka Wróblewska ◽

Eugeniusz Milchert

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Organic Compounds ◽

Catalyst Concentration ◽

Methanol Concentration ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Solvent Concentration ◽

Technological Parameters ◽

Clean Synthesis ◽

Stirring Intensity

In this work the epoxidation of methallyl alcohol (MAA) with 30 wt% H2O2 over the Ti-MWW catalyst has been studied. The significant parameters for the MAA epoxidation were established as temperature (20-120°C), the molar ratio of MAA/H2O2 (1:1-5:1), methanol (solvent) concentration (5-90 wt%), Ti-MWW catalyst concentration (0-5.0 wt%), reaction time (5-300 min) and intensity of stirring (0-500 rpm). The process of MAA epoxidation was carried out the most effective at temperature of 100°C, the molar ratio of MAA/H2O2=1:1, methanol concentration of 40 wt%, the catalyst concentration of 2 wt%, the reaction time of 15 min and with the stirring intensity over 350 rpm. These the best technological parameters (mild and relatively safe) allow to obtain the selectivity of transformation to 2MG 37 mol%, the MAA conversion 52 mol%, and the selectivity of transformation to organic compounds in relation to H2O2 consumed 48 mol%.

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Optimization of Operating Conditions on Ceramic Printing Wastewater Treatment with Coagulation and Sedimentation Method

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.664.383 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 664 ◽

pp. 383-389

Author(s):

Yong Li Zhang ◽

Xu Biao Yu ◽

Chao Hai Wei ◽

Ling Ling Shang ◽

Ce Shi

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Ph Value ◽

Removal Rate ◽

Mixing Time ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Intensity Increase ◽

Sedimentation Method ◽

Water Ph ◽

Time Extension ◽

Stirring Intensity

The ceramic printing wastewater was treated with coagulation sedimentation method by adopted AlCl3 polymerization (PAC) as a coagulant. In order to optimize the wastewater treatment of operating conditions, with absorbance, turbidity and conductivity for testing index, the PAC dosing quantity, stirring time, stirring intensity and influx water pH value on the influence of the wastewater treatment. The results show that the wastewater absorbance and turbidity with PAC dosing quantity increase, mixing time extension and stirring intensity increase present reduced trend, with the water pH increases present first decreases trend of increase; Proper operating conditions of wastewater treatment: PAC dosing quantity 90 mg/L, mixing time 15 min, mixing strength medium speed and influx water pH value is about seven. On this condition, ceramic printing wastewater treatment of effluent decolorization rate reached 86.9%, turbidity removal rate reached 92.5%, conductivity is 2.05 x 103 s/cm.

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