The effects of a cyanobacterial crude extract on different aquatic organisms: Evidence for cyanobacterial toxin modulating factors

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 535-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constanze Pietsch ◽  
Claudia Wiegand ◽  
M. Valeria Amé ◽  
Andreas Nicklisch ◽  
Daniel Wunderlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Extract ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Cyanobacterial Toxin

Metabolism of the cyanobacterial toxin mycrocystin-LR is comparable in different aquatic organisms

2000 ◽  
Vol 50 (1-5) ◽  
pp. 485-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Wiegand ◽  
G.A. Codd ◽  
C. Steinberg ◽  
S. Pflugmacher
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Cyanobacterial Toxin

scholarly journals Effects of Different Oxygen Saturation on Activity of Complex Biomass and Aqueous Crude Extract of Cyanobacteria During Embryonal Development in Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

2007 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Palíková ◽  
R. Krejčí ◽  
K. Hilscherová ◽  
B. Burýšková ◽  
P. Babica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Oxygen Deficiency ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Embryonal Development ◽  
Cyanobacterial Toxin ◽  
Cyanobacterial Biomass

This study evaluates the effects of different oxygen concentrations on the toxicity of complex cyanobacterial biomass and aqueous extract of two cyanobacterial samples (prepared with regard to the content of the most studied cyanobacterial toxin microcystin: biomass 1 with the content of microcystins 2 560 μg l-1 of dry weight and biomass 2 with the content of microcystins 70 μg l-1 of dry weight, i.e. almost 37-times lower concentration) during embryonal development of carp (Cyprinus carpio). Effects of complex biomass and aqueous extract were tested at concentrations 120, 80 and 40 mg l-1 in four replicates, two of them aerated and two without aeration. The studied endpoints included the beginning and the end of embryo hatching, the presence of eye points at 48 h after fertilization, filling of air bladder, cumulative mortality and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities in surviving embryos. There was a significant increase in mortality in all variants without aeration after exposure to cyanobacterial biomass and aqueous extract (p < 0.01). The variants with aeration at greater cyanobacterial concentrations also lead to a significant mortality increase (p < 0.05). There was a decreased number of hatched embryos or no hatching at all in the non-aerated exposure variants for both biomasses. The lack of eye pigmentation 48 h after fertilization was observed at biomass concentrations of 120 and 80 mg l-1 for all non-aerated biomass exposures. There were fewer individuals with filled air bladder at the greatest tested concentrations of the complex biomass (biomass 1 and 2) and concentration of 80 mg l-1 (biomass 1) in the aerated variants. The activity of detoxification enzyme GST was studied during the experiment. GST activity was increased in treatments compared to control group in all aerated variants, but the changes were not always significant. The results of the conducted experiments clearly showed the important impact of oxygen saturation in water on the extent of cyanobacterial biomass toxicity. Mortality of fish eggs and embryos in experimental groups without aeration was significantly higher than in groups with aeration. Apart from the influence of toxic substances contained in the cyanobacterial biomass and the crude extract, oxygen deficiency affected the mortality in the groups without aeration.

Effects of Andrographis paniculata crude extract and Andrographolide on hepatic cytochrome P450 mRNA expression and monooxygenase activities

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Pekthong ◽  
N Blanchard ◽  
C Abadie ◽  
A Bonet ◽  
B Heyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Hepatic Cytochrome

The inhibitory effect of the crude extract of Centella asiatica on α-amylase activity

Planta Medica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Supkamonseni ◽  
A Thinkratok ◽  
R Srisawat
Keyword(s):  
Crude Extract ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Inhibitory Effect

Genotoxicity evaluation in vitro by comet assay of compound and crude extract obtained from P. Pubescens Benth.

Planta Medica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
VHS Souza ◽  
A Paula OHohne ◽  
R Grando ◽  
N de Cassia de Almeida Queiroz ◽  
GM Pastore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Crude Extract

Phytochemical screening for identification of bioactive compounds of Lantana camara Linn. (Verbenaceae) responsible for larvicidal action against Aedes triseriatus Say, 1823 (Diptera : Culicidae)

ENTOMON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-126
Author(s):  
Rhitayu Chakraborti ◽  
Probir Kumar Bandyopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Aedes Triseriatus ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Lc50 Value

Study to assess the larvicidal property of Lantana camara leaves against Aedes triseriatus larvae found that the ethyl acetate extract had profound larvicidal action with the crude extract having a LC50 value of 409.831ppm. GC-MS analysis of the ethyl acetate extract confirmed the presence of twenty-one compounds out of which beta-caryophyllene covered the highest percentage of the chromatogram area. Further tests with beta-caryophyllene against the mosquito larvae proved it to be the active ingredient of L. Camara with a LC50 value of 104.243ppm.

Vaccines for aquaculture overview

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-43
Author(s):  
Andrey S. Khishov ◽  
◽  
Galina I. Burlakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Pharmaceutical Drugs ◽  
Short Development Time ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Basic And Applied Research ◽  
North And South America ◽  
Aquaculture Production

Aquaculture production is a promising direction for the development of food production. Like traditional types of animal husbandry, it needs effective medicines for veterinary use, which would ensure not only the well-being of farmed aquatic organisms, but also increase the safety of the fish products and non-fish objects of fishing. The development of measures to control epizootic processes in aquatic organisms is impossible without the creation of new immunological preparations. The development and use of immunobiological drugs will reduce the use of antimicrobial agents. The corresponding set of pharmaceutical drugs was transferred from the traditional veterinary medicine, but due to the peculiarities of the biology of aquatic animals, their immunity and the characteristics of specific pathogens, this could not be done with biological products. The short development time in the aquaculture industry poses current challenges in the form of a lack of basic and applied research for relatively poorly understood groups of new pathogens. The immunological processes associated with the development and intensity of the immune response in aquatic organisms require a detailed study. For domestic aquaculture producers, the analysis and dissemination of the experience accumulated by mankind and the application of advanced developments in this area are even more relevant, since Russia is just beginning its path of intensifying aquaculture production. At the same time, it is clear that the prohibition of the use and monitoring of antimicrobial agents in food products and feed requires a change in the approach to the problem and will lead to the creation of new immunobiological drugs. The market for immunobiological preparations for aquaculture is the most promising for development. In the article, the authors provide data on the development and registration of vaccines for aquaculture in Europe, North and South America.

Evaluation of a crude extract administration of Cnidoscolus chayamansa in normal and diabetic Wistar rats

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Echeverria-Bobadilla ◽  
Andrea Ceballos-Arana ◽  
Daniel Sanchez-Ruz ◽  
Elda Pacheco-Pantoja
Keyword(s):  
Crude Extract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Cnidoscolus Chayamansa

Extraction and Phytochemicals Determination of Traditional Medicinal Plants for Anti-microbial Susceptibility Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firew Admasu
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Susceptibility Test ◽  
Plant Sample ◽  
Traditional Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Health Care ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

Abstract: The study were conducted at Dilla University, College of Natural Sciences, Biological Sciences laboratories. Background: Ethiopia is a country with many ethnic groups, cultures and beliefs which in turn have contributed to the high diversity of traditional health care knowledge and practices of traditional medicine from local growth plants, animals and minerals for various physical and mental disorders of human and livestock population that passed from generation to generation for centuries. Medicinal plants contributors to pharmaceutical, agricultural and food industries in the world. The use of medicinal plants in the industrialized societies has been traced to extraction and development of several drugs used in order to heel some diseases having inhibiting effect against pathogenic microorganism. Objective: The main objective of this study was Extraction and Phytochemicals determination of traditional medicinal plants for anti microbial susceptibility test. Methodology: The extraction and identification of some phytochemicals crude compound which used for antimicrobial susceptibility test from plant sample such as Ocimum lamiifolium (OL), Croton maerosth (Cm) and Ruta chalepesis (RC) were conducted. Plant samples are collected, powdered using mortal and pistil and extracted using ethanol and some susceptibility tests were performed to identify some phytochemicals compound. Result: The main result of Antimicrobial activity test showed that the crude extract of OL has the highest zone of inhibition. The highest yield of crude extract (38.21%) was obtained from Croton maerosth (CM) which followed by Ruta chalepesis (RC) (32.43%). However, the lowest yield (28.37%) was obtained from Oscpmum lamifolium (OL). Conclusion: Traditional Medicine is used by many people to managing numerous conditions; it’s accessible and effective on antimicrobial activity. Therefore, it plays a significant role by reducing life-threatening ailments of people and other animals.

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